3e:null 3f:["$","title",null,{"children":"Health facilities in Nigeria | Aminu Musa | Observable"}] 45:T18b1,map = { const svg = d3 .select(document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "svg")) .attr("width", MAPWIDTH) .attr("height", MAPHEIGHT) .attr("viewBox", `0 0 ${MAPWIDTH} ${MAPHEIGHT}`) .style("max-width", "100%") .style("height", "auto") .style("background-color", svgColor) .style("font-family", "sans-serif"); // tooltip (removed when the cell re-runs) const tooltip = d3 .select("body") .append("div") .style("position", "absolute") .style("visibility", "hidden") .style("color", "white") .style("padding", "8px") .style("background-color", "#626D71") .style("text-align", "left") .style("font-family", "sans-serif") .style("font-size", "13px") .style("pointer-events", "none"); invalidation.then(() => tooltip.remove()); const move = () => tooltip .style("top", d3.event.pageY - 10 + "px") .style("left", d3.event.pageX + 10 + "px"); // states svg .append("g") .selectAll("path") .data(states.features) .enter() .append("path") .attr("fill", baseColour) .attr("stroke", borderColour) .attr("stroke-width", 0.5) .attr("d", path) .on("mouseover", function (d) { tooltip.html(`${d.properties.adm1_name}`).style("visibility", "visible"); d3.select(this).attr("stroke", "#00aeff").attr("stroke-width", 1); }) .on("mousemove", move) .on("mouseout", function () { tooltip.style("visibility", "hidden"); d3.select(this).attr("stroke", borderColour).attr("stroke-width", 0.5); }); // national border (outline only, so states stay visible) svg .append("g") .selectAll("path") .data(border.features) .enter() .append("path") .attr("fill", "none") .attr("stroke", "#888") .attr("stroke-width", 1.5) .attr("pointer-events", "none") .attr("d", path); // hexbins const defs = svg.append("defs"); defs.append("clipPath") .attr("id", "nigeria-boundary-clip") .attr("clipPathUnits", "userSpaceOnUse") .selectAll("path") .data(border.features) .enter() .append("path") .attr("d", path); const hexbinLayer = svg.append("g") .attr("class", "hexbin-layer") .attr("clip-path", "url(#nigeria-boundary-clip)"); hexbinLayer .selectAll("path") .data(hexbin_data) .enter() .append("path") .attr("transform", d => `translate(${d.x},${d.y})`) .attr("d", d => hexbin.hexagon(radius(d.length))) .attr("stroke", "#ffffff") .attr("stroke-width", 0.5) .attr("fill", d => { const known = d.pub + d.priv; return known ? reds(d.pub / known) : "#cccccc"; }) .on("mouseover", function(d) { const known = d.pub + d.priv; tooltip .html( `${dataset} facilities: ${d.length}
` + `Public: ${d.pub}
` + `Private: ${d.priv}
` + `Unknown ownership: ${d.unk}` + (known ? `
Public share: ${d3.format(".0%")(d.pub / known)}` : "") ) .style("visibility", "visible"); d3.select(this) .attr("stroke", "#008bd2") .attr("stroke-width", 1.5); }) .on("mousemove", move) .on("mouseout", function() { tooltip.style("visibility", "hidden"); d3.select(this) .attr("stroke", "#ffffff") .attr("stroke-width", 0.5); }); // headline numbers const total = d3.sum(hexbin_data, (d) => d.length); const pub = d3.sum(hexbin_data, (d) => d.pub); const known = pub + d3.sum(hexbin_data, (d) => d.priv); const what = dataset === "All" ? "health facilities" : `${dataset.toLowerCase()} health facilities`; svg .append("text") .text("Health Facilities Across Nigeria") .attr("transform", "translate(20,45)") .attr("font-size", 27) .attr("font-weight", "bold"); svg .append("text") .text( `${d3.format(",")(total)} ${what} mapped; ${d3.format(".1%")( pub / known )} of those with known ownership are public` ) .attr("transform", "translate(20,72)") .attr("font-size", 16); svg .append("text") .text("Hexagon size = number of facilities; colour = public share of facilities") .attr("transform", "translate(20,94)") .attr("font-size", 14) .attr("fill", "#555"); // source svg .append("text") .text("Data source: GRID3 NGA - Health Facilities v2.0") .attr("transform", `translate(15,${MAPHEIGHT - 14})`) .attr("fill", "darkgrey") .attr("font-size", 13); // legends: bottom right, in the empty space south-east of Nigeria const lx = MAPWIDTH - 340; const barWidth = 320; const cx = barWidth / 2; // centre of the colour scale bar // size legend: hexagons stacked vertically, centred on the scale bar const maxN = d3.max(hexbin_data, (d) => d.length); const vals = [maxN, Math.round(maxN / 4), Math.round(maxN / 20)].filter( (v, i, a) => v >= 1 && a.indexOf(v) === i ); const gap = 10; const maxR = radius(maxN); const hexH = vals.reduce((s, v) => s + 2 * Math.max(radius(v), 4) + gap, 0); const legendTop = MAPHEIGHT - 100 - (25 + hexH); // sits just above the colour bar const sizeLegend = svg .append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(${lx}, ${legendTop})`); sizeLegend .append("text") .text("Number of facilities") .attr("x", cx) .attr("text-anchor", "middle") .attr("dominant-baseline", "hanging") .style("font-size", "14px") .style("font-weight", "bold"); let y = 25; vals.forEach((v) => { const r = Math.max(radius(v), 4); y += r; sizeLegend .append("path") .attr("d", hexbin.hexagon(radius(v))) .attr("transform", `translate(${cx},${y})`) .attr("stroke", "black") .attr("fill", "none"); sizeLegend .append("text") .text(d3.format(",")(v)) .attr("x", cx + maxR + 14) .attr("y", y) .attr("dy", ".35em") .style("font-size", "13px"); y += r + gap; }); // colour legend svg .append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(${lx}, ${MAPHEIGHT - 85})`) .append(() => legend({ color: reds, title: "Public share (of facilities with known ownership)", width: barWidth, tickFormat: "%" }) ); return svg.node(); }46:[{"id":"befeb5f44bfc04dd55bbd7a78b73bc17758bae5e0dea0e4f5d005fe611728433b0da628a143c36990b510bf6c18615130104774cae8ad8204b21c27eb4fa60b4","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/befeb5f44bfc04dd55bbd7a78b73bc17758bae5e0dea0e4f5d005fe611728433b0da628a143c36990b510bf6c18615130104774cae8ad8204b21c27eb4fa60b4","name":"england.json","type":"application/json","lastModified":1735991019834.993,"size":489165},{"id":"e8d0552fbf007c23f1fc64a57bae7e6f79d4817cd594613bdc9ef6b769c3e629764c15a9bbeabdfd88b264634c06d1e73078c00b58b6e5b104230264ac52ce17","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/e8d0552fbf007c23f1fc64a57bae7e6f79d4817cd594613bdc9ef6b769c3e629764c15a9bbeabdfd88b264634c06d1e73078c00b58b6e5b104230264ac52ce17","name":"borders","type":"application/octet-stream","lastModified":1792071034846,"size":244249},{"id":"55d05e5c14f4b5afa56ac7d1014fb9dd1bb649598d349a46bb8c91cd73bf4ae361725d499e81a50c79366d3d53f23d39499fe8f6f27d90c67b43e60b9f421dad","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/55d05e5c14f4b5afa56ac7d1014fb9dd1bb649598d349a46bb8c91cd73bf4ae361725d499e81a50c79366d3d53f23d39499fe8f6f27d90c67b43e60b9f421dad","name":"nigeria_states","type":"application/octet-stream","lastModified":1792071070272,"size":1487991},{"id":"b4ff6cb1ed3f0f255506529175c0d6e6373fc9576884815f59dc3b086b20b3345c6d10ea988e15e007d66f22c1c6dbdcb0128b6b49cf2248a9fc2b422ad46b74","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/b4ff6cb1ed3f0f255506529175c0d6e6373fc9576884815f59dc3b086b20b3345c6d10ea988e15e007d66f22c1c6dbdcb0128b6b49cf2248a9fc2b422ad46b74","name":"nigeria_hospitals.json","type":"application/json","lastModified":1792071502638,"size":17611749}] 43:{"id":"9869c621d65d4051","slug":"health-facilities-in-nigeria","title":"Health facilities in Nigeria","thumbnail":"e47d21ed50e2baa30826858ce5dcd18fc81b86cc16dea918213f0414a8ab33cf","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2026-10-15T13:10:29.208Z","update_time":"$D2026-10-15T19:56:11.979Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2026-10-15T20:36:18.440Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":{"id":"8ca32d1a695f1911","slug":"welsh-schools","title":"Welsh-speaking schools in Wales","owner":{"id":"25fee90bb47fd709","login":"joewdavies","name":"Joe Davies"}},"stars":0,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"fef1e809e8bb712c","login":"musageo","name":"Aminu Musa","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/9a97a3010bdcf6d81d579d11099f270bc24b23d0496529fa7fcb100cf0fddb63","tier":"free_2026","bio":""},"version":1022,"publish_version":1022,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"859f3d66e86b7bcc","login":"musageo","name":"Aminu Musa","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/9a97a3010bdcf6d81d579d11099f270bc24b23d0496529fa7fcb100cf0fddb63","tier":null,"bio":""}],"members":[{"type":"team","id":"fef1e809e8bb712c","login":"musageo","name":"Aminu Musa","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/9a97a3010bdcf6d81d579d11099f270bc24b23d0496529fa7fcb100cf0fddb63","tier":"free_2026","role":"editor"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":true,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":0,"collection":null,"type":"notebook","body":{"titling":"auto","title":"Health facilities in Nigeria","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"html `

Health facilities in Nigeria

`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":631,"value":"html`Nigeria is Africa's most populous country, with 37 states (including the Federal Capital Territory). Access to health care depends heavily on where facilities are located and who runs them.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":388,"value":"html`This map shows the locations of about 51,000 health facilities across Nigeria. The hexagon size is proportional to the number of facilities in the vicinity, while the colour represents the share of facilities that are publicly owned (out of those with known ownership). Use the controls to filter by level of care (primary, secondary, tertiary), change the hexagon size and adjust colours.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":57,"value":"$45","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":906,"value":"DOM.download(\n async () => {\n const scale = 3;\n const svgString = new XMLSerializer().serializeToString(map);\n const blob = new Blob([svgString], {type: \"image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8\"});\n const url = URL.createObjectURL(blob);\n\n const img = new Image();\n img.src = url;\n await img.decode();\n\n const canvas = document.createElement(\"canvas\");\n canvas.width = MAPWIDTH * scale;\n canvas.height = MAPHEIGHT * scale;\n const ctx = canvas.getContext(\"2d\");\n ctx.fillStyle = svgColor;\n ctx.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);\n ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);\n\n URL.revokeObjectURL(url);\n return new Promise(res => canvas.toBlob(res, \"image/png\"));\n },\n \"nigeria_health_facilities.png\",\n \"Download Map\"\n)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":905,"value":"var d3tile = import(\"npm:d3-tile\")","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":899,"value":"MAPWIDTH = 1152","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":901,"value":"MAPHEIGHT = 850","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":112,"value":"html ` Data source: Nigeria health facilities dataset ( GRID3 ). `","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":501,"value":"viewof hexRadius = slider({\n min: 1,\n max: 20,\n step: 0.1,\n value: 15,\n title: \"Maximum hexagon radius\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":426,"value":"html`Note: the colour only reflects facilities whose ownership is recorded as \"Public\" or \"Private\"; facilities with unknown ownership are counted in the size but not in the share. Hexagons with no known ownership are grey.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":452,"value":"viewof dataset = radio({\n title: \"Show:\",\n description: \"Filter facilities by level of care\",\n options: [\n { label: \"All facilities\", value: \"All\" },\n { label: \"Primary\", value: \"Primary\" },\n { label: \"Secondary\", value: \"Secondary\" },\n { label: \"Tertiary\", value: \"Tertiary\" }\n ],\n value: \"All\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":185,"value":"viewof baseColour = color({\n value: \"#f2f2f2\",\n title: \"County Color\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":652,"value":"viewof svgColor = color({\n value: \"#ffffff\",\n title: \"Background Color\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":209,"value":"viewof borderColour = color({\n value: \"#c4c4c4\",\n title: \"Border Colour\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":344,"value":"padding = 5","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":896,"value":"height = 850","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":220,"value":"md `## Projection`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":144,"value":"path = d3.geoPath()\n.projection(projection)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":479,"value":"projection = d3\n .geoMercator()\n .fitExtent(\n [[padding, 120], [MAPWIDTH - padding, MAPHEIGHT - padding]],\n states\n )","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":242,"value":"md`## Hexbins`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":376,"value":"reds = d3.scaleLinear().domain([0, 1]).range([\"white\", \"red\"])","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":300,"value":"radius = d3\n .scaleSqrt()\n .domain([0, d3.max(hexbin_data, (d) => d.length)])\n .range([0, hexbin.radius() * Math.SQRT2])","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":297,"value":"hexbin = d3.hexbin().extent([[0, 0], [MAPWIDTH, MAPHEIGHT]]).radius(hexRadius)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":76,"value":"md `## Data`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":355,"value":"data = {\n const rows =\n dataset === \"All\"\n ? hospitals\n : hospitals.filter((d) => d.facility_level === dataset);\n const out = [];\n for (const d of rows) {\n const p = projection([+d.longitude, +d.latitude]);\n if (p) out.push([p[0], p[1], d.ownership]);\n }\n return out;\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":303,"value":"hexbin_data = hexbin(data).map((bin) => {\n let pub = 0, priv = 0, unk = 0;\n for (const f of bin) {\n if (f[2] === \"Public\") pub++;\n else if (f[2] === \"Private\") priv++;\n else unk++;\n }\n bin.pub = pub;\n bin.priv = priv;\n bin.unk = unk;\n return bin;\n})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":128,"value":"html`Administrative boundaries: Nigeria state (admin 1) and national (admin 0) GeoJSON files — nigeria_states and borders. Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX)`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":875,"value":"border = await FileAttachment(\"borders\").json()","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":45,"value":"states = await FileAttachment(\"nigeria_states\").json()","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":256,"value":"hospitals = await FileAttachment(\"nigeria_hospitals.json\").json()","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":75,"value":"md `## Dependencies`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":23,"value":"d3 = require(\"d3@5\", \"d3-hexbin@0.2\")","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":391,"value":"import {legend} from \"@d3/color-legend\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":453,"value":"import { radio, slider, color } from \"@jashkenas/inputs\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":84,"value":"md `## Credits`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":557,"value":"md `https://observablehq.com/@d3/hexbin-map`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W46","stdlib":"1"}} 44:"$43:body"