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Q: What is an example of a design which belongs in the public domain?

- A: Water Testing Equipment - Water is a basic human need. Water is scarce on the planet only because humans are destroying fresh water sources with industry and controlling access by privatizing the land which was once a shared resource for all humans. Solutions related to providing water to all humans belong in the public domain so that all humans can identify which water sources are good enough for consumption. This is the first step toward ensuring there is sufficient water, and if not, to create additional solution related to that problem.
- Companies like Veolia have patented solutions related to water purification. https://www.veoliawatertechnologies.com/en/solutions/technologies
- If pure water was sufficiently protected by governments and proven to be clean, there would be no need to put purification tech into the public domain. However, profit seeking corporations and governments are actively destroying the sources and there are no remaining sources which are not already at a safety risk due to contaminants from many sources (citation needed). Therefore, for humans to survive, humans need the tech to measure water quality and clean the water to be ready for consumption by humans and animals. Tech needed for life and death of humans belongs in the public domain. The argument that profit is the only or the fastest method to produce this tech is faulty. This project will provide general evidence to the contrary at the same time it will provide access to specific solutions related to water quality.

33:[] 30:{"id":"0a9581669c915b85","slug":"the-public-domain-repository","title":"The Public Domain Collaboration Engine","thumbnail":"ab7f2484172cf291a4f3f6fb2fd8849bd967a80394da28411b353baf06cf83e4","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2022-07-25T21:13:27.212Z","update_time":"$D2023-01-21T18:04:54.099Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2022-07-26T11:09:53.456Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":{"id":"662080314eb2cb2c","slug":"blog-post","title":"Blog Post","owner":{"id":"f35c755083683fe5","login":"observablehq","name":"Observable"}},"stars":0,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"6a5eec9facc12168","login":"bcrock","name":"Bruce Crock","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/a1ca96eda19d44fd67e83d386c0ee0f422866ebe02bf4a14c20c8c8514b78ae2","tier":"starter_2024","bio":""},"version":355,"publish_version":null,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"d4269ac640375fa3","login":"bcrock","name":"Bruce Crock","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/a1ca96eda19d44fd67e83d386c0ee0f422866ebe02bf4a14c20c8c8514b78ae2","tier":null,"bio":""}],"members":[{"type":"individual","id":"d4269ac640375fa3","login":"bcrock","name":"Bruce Crock","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/a1ca96eda19d44fd67e83d386c0ee0f422866ebe02bf4a14c20c8c8514b78ae2","tier":null,"role":"editor"},{"type":"individual","id":"79e4bc6f3d2c7aad","login":"rexdemuro","name":"Rex DeMuro","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/f238e9c78448d5de2f47f755a5c0c87a4bcdf41e3668b8b223af5ee34a52958f","tier":null,"role":"editor"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":false,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":0,"collection":null,"type":"notebook","body":{"titling":"auto","title":"The Public Domain Collaboration Engine","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"# The Public Domain Collaboration Engine\n## This not-for-profit project is in conceptual design\nThe Public Domain Collaboration Engine is an open-source tool designed to accelerate the production of solutions into the Public Domain.\n\nThe only way to solve the environmental crises facing our planet is to collaborate openly and rapidly across many disciplines and multiple generations and to out-innovate the corporate and private interests which which will fight to protect personal profit over humanitarian solutions. ","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":287,"value":"### Table of Contents","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":141,"value":"collbaorationengine_toc = \nToC({headers: [\"strong\"]})\n\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":109,"value":"pdr_strategy_overview","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":82,"value":"vision","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":183,"value":"**Mission**\n\nStart an inclusive movement with diverse collaborators who can accelerate the quantity, quality and accessibility of public domain solutions. ","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"Mission_pdr","database":"$undefined"},{"id":188,"value":"**Strategy**\n\n- Build the Engine : Use, Improve, Invent\n- Jump-start : Align with Carbon Reduction innovators \n- Add Fuel (renewables) : Motivate, Educate, Create\n\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":231,"value":"**Organization**\n\n*An inclusive, sustainably scalable Non-profit organization producing measurable results*\n\nThe Vision can only be achieved with millions of independent collaborators who are willing, able and motivated to contribute to the public domain. Scaling a group of collaborators to that size in twenty years requires an experienced and dedicated team working for the organization. \n\nThe organization will create the engine, set the program in motion, and then accelerate adoption. To scale the collaborators in a sustainable manner, the collaboration engine tool must enable collaborators to contribute iteratively, in any size increments, and in such a way as to continuously reuse earlier contributions. \n\nFew contributors with several seed tools can set the program in motion and in a good direction. But the organization must expand in order to accelerate development and achieve the vision.\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":236,"value":"**Organizational Core Values**\n\n- Inclusivity\n- Sustainability\n- Equality\n- Peace\n- Justice\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":90,"value":"**Problem Statements** (need citations)\n- Demand for the basic needs for food, water, housing, healthcare and education are increasing faster than the supply\n- The acceleration of environmental hazards created by humans and our energy consumption may soon become irreversible\n- Vast numbers of people are already suffering due to the lack of access to basic needs and the environmental hazards created by climate change\n- The increasing wealth gap and corresponding access to these basic needs is unethical, and leads to unnecessary death\n- Proprietary solutions slow the pace of innovation compared to open solutions\n- It's hard for people to find, learn how to use, and learn how to contribute to existing public domain solutions that are readily used\n- If the ability to use and improve existing public domain designs is retained only by for-profit interests, the pace of progress for the needy will be slow, while the for-profit interest focus on customers with money","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":120,"value":"pdr_outcomes","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":138,"value":"**User Experience**\nUSE, IMPROVE, INVENT\n\nThe experience to find solutions and supply improvements must be highly enjoyable. Fortnite and tiktok are literal competitors for the engagement of young and old talent.\n\nThe experience must be equally accessible to young adults and experienced adults.\n\nIt must be memorable and cumulative so users can walk away for weeks or months and re-start easily, like riding a bike.\n\n*Use - Use existing designs*\n- Search, Browse, Filter. The Collaboration Engine has a fixed but evolving dictionary of outcomes, problem statements that support these functions.\n\n*Invent - Invent new designs*\n- Describe in words and images, or fully design an invention or a solution to a problem by creatig a design file or documentation.\n \n*Improve - Improve existing designs*\n- Supply a simple idea for an improvement which can be developed by another user, or directly update a design file or documentation.\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":41,"value":"**Articles & Books Supporting the Problem Statements**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":8,"value":"(in progress)\n##### How Software Is Stifling Competition and Slowing Innovation (NYT article)\n- https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/21/business/software-james-bessen-book.html\n
How Software Is Stifling Competition and Slowing Innovation\nA tech entrepreneur turned academic takes on the “disruption myth.” Big companies, he argues, have built software moats against rivals.\n
(NYT article - need proper citation)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":150,"value":"##### Electrify by Saul Griffith\n\n
\"The Industrial mobilization required to hit the climate targets that our children deserve will require an effort similar to World War II's \"Arsenal of Democracy\" in size, speed, and scope.\" (page XIII)\n\n
\"To hit our climate goals, we need 100% adoption of electric solutions for households (electric vehicles, heat pumps, rooftop solar).\"\n\n
\"Whether you think climate disasters qualify as an emergency may depend on where you live, how hot it's getting, and how high the seas are rising around you.\"\n
\"If you are an Australian (like me), the fires, floods, loss of life and wildlife, and droughts caused by one degree of warming are already devastating: in the January 2020 bushfires, and estimated 25 million acres burned, killing one billion animals and two dozen humans. Coral reefs are already dying.\"\n\n\n\n\n
(book - need proper citation)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":174,"value":"\n

Open Questions

\n \n
- what related projects exist?\n
- How does this compare to related projects - is this a subset, a superset, or overlapping set?\n
- How will we publish this work and identify it a non-profit / PD (use creative commons as a guide)\n

To Do

\n - A:\n
- Research https://www.thepublicdomain.org/bio/ and Contact James Boyle\n
- Research sources for open source designs\n
- Research other related projects\n
- Research other \"generation\" tools and how the licenses for reuse of that work is granted. Start with the new Wall-e tool terms of use.\n
- Research how Observable manages to support \"open\" and \"for profit\" at the same time.\n
- Research and add links to books and articles that support the need for this project\n
- Find specific citations that support the problem statement\n
- Use the citation wizard on observable to hand attributions properly\n
- Develop compelling visualizations in [The Autogenerator](https://observablehq.com/@bcrock/the_autogenerator) that help illustrate the need for and the benefits of this project: \n

\n\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":123,"value":"**Frequently Asked Questions**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":126,"value":"

Q: What is the public domain?

\n - A:\n - https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/public%20domain
\n - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain
\n - https://fairuse.stanford.edu/overview/public-domain/welcome/
\n - https://creativecommons.org/
\n - https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_1063.pdf
\n

Q: What is the Digital Millennium Copyright Act?

\n- A: It added language related to internet and extended the copyright to allow Disney to profit more\n - https://www.copyright.gov/dmca/\n
\n

\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":196,"value":"$32","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":211,"value":"

Q: Can contributors or anyone else earn money from the designs?

\n - A: Yes. Submitters control the licensing rights to the submissions. While submitters can control the license options, it's expected that most contributors will use CC BY-SA. Users can use such designs commercially, and adapt the designs but are required to extend the same license for adaptations. \n
- (excerpted from https://creativecommons.org/about/cclicenses/)\n
- CC BY-SA: This license allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified material under identical terms.\n
CC BY-SA includes the following elements:\n
BY – Credit must be given to the creator\n
SA – Adaptations must be shared under the same terms\n
\n

Q: \"What is Creative Commons and how does it compare with this project?

\n - A:\n\n
- from CC site: What is Creative Commons and What do you do? \"Creative Commons is a global nonprofit organization that enables sharing and reuse of\ncreativity and knowledge through the provision of free legal tools.\" https://creativecommons.org/faq/\n
- Creative Commons assists by proving self help legal tools related to creating and updating works into the public domain, and describing the various options for how to do that.\n
- The PDR Project will aim to put specific works into the public domain and building momentum on collaboration, with a focus on data works - such as the CAD designs and related processes and the training materials required to use and improve the designs.\n\n

Q: Aren't there already CAD designs in the public domain? What is different about this project?

\n A: Yes there are, and here are some examples:\n - https://sketchfab.com/tags/publicdomain\n - https://free3d.com/3d-models/\n - https://www.cadblocksfree.com/en/search/3d%20cad%20models?amnoroute\n - https://www.turbosquid.com/Search/3D-Models/free\n - https://www.3dcadbrowser.com/3dmodels.aspx?category=free\n - https://www.cadnav.com/\n - https://gallery.autodesk.com/projects/all#filters=%5B%5B%22asset_types%22%2C%223D%20Models%22%2C%223D%20Model%22%5D%5D&sort=popularity\n - https://www.cgtrader.com/free-3d-models\n - https://free3dbase.com/free-3d-models/3d-models/1\n - https://www.syncronia.com/en/download-3d-models-bim-objects\n - http://www.aec-data.com/en/download\n - https://www.traceparts.com/en\n

Q: What is different about this project than other open source resources?

\nThese are great resources. However, (from our research to date):\n
- they are a mix of for profit and non profit designs\n
- the scope is not limited or in any way targeted at the solutions for planetary crises.\n
- The sites are not organized by outcome\n
- The sites are missing the methodology for collaborators to enhance and republish the designs.\n
- The sites do not incorporate interactive visualizations to make the user experience compelling and motivate collaborators.\n

Q: What are some challenges to putting designs into the public domain?

\n - A: \n\n
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/ebiom/article/PIIS2352-3964(22)00052-4/fulltext\n\n
\"Though the concept of open-source designs for medical devices was very appealing during the early stages of the pandemic, it poses numerous challenges for translation to clinical settings: any medical device design needs thorough testing, verification, validation, and to be manufactured under a certified Quality Management System. Only in the ultimate stage of this extensive process, a long way after the open-source design stage, can a device achieve regulatory approval and be used in hospitals.\"\n

Q: What categories of designs belong in the public domain?

\n - A: TBD\n

Q: What categories of designs do not belong in the public domain?

\n - A: TBD\n

Q: What is a repository and is this really a repository?

\n - A: Maybe not. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/repository\n
- Instead, it is a working example of a collaboratively created public domain solution which demonstrates how to improve or invent solutions into the public domain with sufficient training for all users.\n

Q: How are we going to to this?

\n - A: We will form an evolving group of collaborators and use an outcome-driven-design process to select existing and future designs which belong in the public domain. We will work with the creators to publish these designs into the public domain along with sufficient instructions for use and improvements. We will then drive programs with additional collaborators (such as students, selected designers and non-profit organizations) to iteratively improve on the designs themselves, the experience of collaborating on improvements, and the accessibility of the solutions to the people who need them.\n

Q: Who should participate?

\n - A: Any and all people who believe in the stated vision of the project and are willing to contribute time to the public domain.\n

Q: Who will try to stop us?

\n - A: If the team produces designs into the public domain which de-value the products being sold by a for-profit company, that company may take action to protect their interests such as pursuing a copyright infraction, or otherwise aiming to slow the progress and reputation of this project.\n

Q: How long will it take?

\n - A: It should take less than 25 years to accomplish the vision. The progress is expected to accelerate by adding new collaborators and re-use of data and techniques. The team will build some models in Observable to visualize the expected progress so that we can better predict the timeline and also to demonstrate the possibilities to the collaborators and motivate us toward the end goal.\n

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