21:null 22:["$","title",null,{"children":"Observable, kezako ? | Master 1 GAED (Université Paris Cité) | Observable"}] 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25:{"id":"63058cfda0767088","slug":"observable-kezako/2","title":"Observable, kezako ?","thumbnail":"60eae227f7f59cb2bbe05e6bd02c8dd0ba04d9dbf56daa3a8a5152db7c973e3b","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2026-09-07T07:34:58.975Z","update_time":"$D2026-09-23T08:10:37.726Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2026-09-17T08:16:54.056Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":false,"stars":0,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"2f0d745704536963","login":"cartographie","name":"Master 1 GAED (Université Paris Cité)","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/d447d58ab7daaf53a374a9079fb39a7b3b83e610bb7b9e4a19b3a2b9157cd2b5","tier":"education_2026"},"version":1931,"publish_version":1931,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"01f8081399df8778","login":"neocarto","name":"Nicolas Lambert","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/c01b6664b447a3bb88f88dbfa170e3ef1d61f3a5b13c2fc613c8da5ef8bccb41","tier":null}],"members":[{"type":"individual","id":"01f8081399df8778","login":"neocarto","name":"Nicolas Lambert","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/c01b6664b447a3bb88f88dbfa170e3ef1d61f3a5b13c2fc613c8da5ef8bccb41","tier":null,"role":"editor"},{"type":"team","id":"2f0d745704536963","login":"cartographie","name":"Master 1 GAED (Université Paris Cité)","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/d447d58ab7daaf53a374a9079fb39a7b3b83e610bb7b9e4a19b3a2b9157cd2b5","tier":"education_2026","role":"viewer"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":true,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":1,"collection":{"id":"fa66737480d902b7","slug":"cours","title":"Cours","owner":{"id":"2f0d745704536963","login":"cartographie","name":"Master 1 GAED (Université Paris Cité)"}},"type":"notebook","body":{"title":"Observable, kezako ?","cells":[{"id":1,"value":"# Observable, kezako ?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2,"value":"disclaimer","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":9,"value":"FileAttachment(\"a2a201157757caab34fcc6ce80fa64abec5e2aa520b51def2c145ec066783004e561e7429a17a02f291ce77bb0f4b82b5531324b9d84ca19c9519f0ca180bc5b.png\").image({ width: 240 })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":11,"value":"# Qu'est ce que c'est ?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":12,"value":"**Observablehq** est une plateforme 100% en ligne hébergeant des **notebooks** (carnet numériques) dédiés à l'analyse et le représentation de données pour le web, basées sur le langage **JavaScript**.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1081,"value":"**ObservableHQ** c’est aussi C’est aussi une startup américaine fondée par Mike Bostock et Melody Meckfessel en 2016, qui développe une plateforme web 1OO% en ligne pour concevoir, partager et diffuser des **notebooks** JavaScript, avec un focus sur la visualisation de données.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1079,"value":"FileAttachment(\"frise.png\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":13,"value":"Comme les autres solutions de notebooks (jupyter, quarto...), les notebooks Observable permettent donc de faire de la **programmation lettrée** (literate programming), c'est à dire notamment de combiner code et élément en langage naturel dans un même document","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":913,"value":"FileAttachment(\"notebook.png\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1084,"value":"**Objectifs**\n\n- Construire un langage et un écosystème dédié à la visualisation de données sur le web\n- Fédérer et faire collaborer une communauté","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1085,"value":"Lire [Javascript for data Analysis](https://towardsdatascience.com/javascript-for-data-analysis-2e8e7dbf63a7) et [A Better Way to Code](https://medium.com/@mbostock/a-better-way-to-code-2b1d2876a3a0)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":952,"value":"# Old Observable","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":955,"value":"Une toute nouvelle vesrion d'Observable vient d'être pubmiée. Une grande partie du code a été entièrement réécrite et certaines fonctionnalités ne sont pas encore disponibles. Pour retrouver l’ancienne version, vous pouvez toujours vous rendre sur **old.observablehq.com**.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":954,"value":"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":957,"value":"Certaines fonctionnalités basculent sur l'ancienne interface","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":16,"value":"# Les Notebooks","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":914,"value":"Tout ce passe à travers une interface web assez épurée.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1067,"value":"## Une interface simple","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1068,"value":"Tout est fait dans le navigateur. Rien à installer. Pas de dépedances avec des logiciels sur votre ordinateur. Tout est sur le web.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":816,"value":"FileAttachment(\"af3e96277efd7c778d0260d895dd39e9e61e87b2f960cfa1791623982a4f8f7bf2194a2b92665b70f4d97466a7656b77ff1821191cfd00f3a62c84815e2f5d19.webp\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1069,"value":"## Des notebooks","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1074,"value":"Chaque notebook est une page web. Elle a une url. Est peut être privée ou publique.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1087,"value":"Exemple : https://observablehq.com/@jwolondon/plot-gallery-radial","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1088,"value":"## Des auteurs","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1092,"value":"Chaque auteur à une page dédiée avec ses notebooks. Il y a plus de 70 000 auteurs actuellemennt sur la plateforme.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1090,"value":"FileAttachment(\"authors.png\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1071,"value":"## Des workspaces","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1075,"value":"Vous pouvez mettre vos notebooks dans votre espace personnel. Ou bien le mettre dans des espaces partagés pour travailler à plusieurs (team).","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1072,"value":"## Des collections","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1076,"value":"Vous pouvez regrouper vos notebooks dans des collections. Ce sont des dossiers qui vous permettent d'organiser votre production.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1078,"value":"# Comment ça marche ?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":807,"value":"## Des cellules JavaScript","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":915,"value":"FileAttachment(\"js.png\").image({width:100})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":919,"value":"Le langage **JavaScript** a été créé en dix jours en mai **1995** pour la Netscape Communications Corporation par **Brendan Eich**. Au départ, l’idée était de construire un petit langage pour faire des interactions sur les pages web.\n\nDepuis 2015 (ES6 ou ES2015), le langage JavaScript est mature. Performant. Et est implémenté de manière harmonisée dans tous les navigateurs. On parle de **modern JavaScript**\n\nDepuis 2015 (ES6 ou ES2015), le langage JavaScript est mature. Performant. Et est implémenté de manière harmonisée dans tous les navigateurs. On parle de **modern JavaScript**\n\nLire [Javascript for data Analysis](https://towardsdatascience.com/javascript-for-data-analysis-2e8e7dbf63a7) et [A Better Way to Code](https://medium.com/@mbostock/a-better-way-to-code-2b1d2876a3a0)\n\nEn savoir plus sur le langage JavaScript : https://observablehq.com/@sd-progwebdataviz/rappels-javascript?collection=@sd-progwebdataviz/guide-et-exemples","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":809,"value":"Les notebooks Observable sont composés de cellules, qui sont en quelque sorte des scripts séparés les uns des autres. elles s’exécutent indépendamment.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":810,"value":"// ceci est un cellule\nlet a = 10\nlet b = 20\nlet result = a + b\ndisplay(result)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"js","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":922,"value":"function somme(a,b){return a+b}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"js","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":925,"value":"somme(10,20)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"js","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":876,"value":"## Pinned, hidden, visible","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":877,"value":"On peut définir comment on souhaite afficher chaque cellule\n\n- **Hidden** : Masque le résultat de la cellule\n- **Pinned** : affiche le code\n\nSi le code et le resultat sont masqués, le cellule affiche ``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":882,"value":"let goat = \"Jimi Hendrix\"","pinned":false,"hidden":true,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":818,"value":"## Des fichiers attachés","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":943,"value":"Comme on est dans une interface web, on ajoute des fichiers comme des pieces jointes grace à l'épingle. On peut ajouter 1 giga de données par mois par utilisateur.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":947,"value":"FileAttachment(\"kawai.jpeg\").image({width:300})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":949,"value":"let data = FileAttachment(\"stats.csv\").csv({typed: \"auto\"})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":950,"value":"Inputs.table(data)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":18,"value":"## Des bibliothèques préchargées","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":927,"value":"- **Lodash** (_) : manipulation et traitement des données JavaScript\n- **Arquero** (aq) : manipulation de données tabulaires\n- **d3** : visualisation et manipulation du DOM\n- **Plot** : création de graphiques statistiques\n- **DuckDB** : requêtes SQL sur les données\n- **Inputs** : création d’interfaces interactives\n- **Leaflet** (L) : création de cartes interactives\n- **Mapbox GL** (mapboxgl) : cartes vectorielles interactives\n- etc\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":935,"value":"Par exmple, on peut taper : **`L`**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":937,"value":"L","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":938,"value":"Et directement faire une carte Leaflet","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":939,"value":"const div = html`

`;\nconst mymap = L.map(div).setView([37.774, -122.423], 13);\n\nL.tileLayer(\"https://{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png\", {\n attribution: \"© OpenStreetMap contributors\"\n}).addTo(mymap);\n\n","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"js","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":941,"value":"display(div)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":929,"value":"Il y a aussi des jeux de données d'exemple intégrés : `aapl`, `alphabet`, `cars`, `citywages`, `diamonds`, `olympians`, `penguins`, etc.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":959,"value":"olympians","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":170,"value":"## Les imports","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":174,"value":"Certaines bibliothèques sont préchargées et directement disponibles. Il est toutefois possible d’utiliser n’importe quelle autre bibliothèque en l’important explicitement avec l’instruction `import`.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":175,"value":"Ici, on charge une bibliothèque proposant des palettes de couleurs développée par Matthieu Viry.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":177,"value":"let dicopal = import(\"npm:dicopal\")","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":179,"value":"dicopal.getPaletteNames()","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":185,"value":"dicopal.getColors('Peach', 4)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":198,"value":"On peut aussi importer une fonction spécifique d'une bibliothèque JS. Ici, on importe la fonction `view` de la bibliothèque de cartographie `geoviz`.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":790,"value":"import {path} from \"npm:geoviz\"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":792,"value":"Et on peut aussi importer n'importe quelle cellule de n'importe quel notebook Observable.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":795,"value":"import {world} from \"observable:@cartographie/jeunesse-et-education\"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":796,"value":"Et voilà!","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":798,"value":"path({data:world})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":812,"value":"On peut importer n'importe quoi. Par exemple, ici, une carte :","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":815,"value":"map","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":813,"value":"import {map} from \"observable:@neocarto/geoviz\"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":821,"value":"## IA","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":828,"value":"L’agent IA peut vous aider à comprendre les notebooks, à les modifier et à corriger leurs bugs, ou encore à créer des notebooks complets à partir de zéro. C'est très pratique.\n\nVous avez quelques tokens par jour à disposition.\n\n**⚠️ Mais attention, ce que vous gagnez en rapidité vous risquez de le perdre en comprehension. Sans parler du coût écologique de chaque requête.**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":822,"value":"## Partager et publier","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":824,"value":"Chaque notebook à une url.\n\nCertains notebooks sont des documents internes privés, destinés uniquement à votre équipe. Dans d’autres cas, vous pouvez travailler sur un notebook pendant des mois avant qu’il ne soit prêt à être publié au monde entier.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":832,"value":"## Faire de la veille","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":833,"value":"Observable est un formidable outil de veille. On peut voir ce que les autres font, suivre les personnes qui vous interessent, copier leur code, interagir avec eux, etc.\n\nVoir par exemple : https://observablehq.com/public/authors","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":963,"value":"Vous pouvez aussi rechercher un notebook sur un suijet précis : https://old.observablehq.com/search","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":846,"value":"## Commentaires","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":965,"value":"Le but d'observable c'est de créer un communauté autour de la dataviz. Il est donc aisé de laisser des commentaires ur les notebooks poutr interagir avec l'auteur.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1065,"value":"FileAttachment(\"comment.png\").image({width:700})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":837,"value":"## Documentation et forum","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":839,"value":"La documentation est disponible ici : https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/-/collection/documentation\n\nVous pouvez aussi poser vos question dans le forum dans la rubrique help : https://talk.observablehq.com/c/help/6\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":910,"value":"# Réactivité","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":912,"value":"## Les Inputs","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":967,"value":"Les Inputs sont des widgets permettant de proposer des interactions avec l'utilisateur. Voici la liste :","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":969,"value":"Inputs","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":972,"value":"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":978,"value":"La fonction Observable **`view`** permet dé récupérer la valeur de l'Input","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":998,"value":"- **Liste**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":999,"value":"let country = view(Inputs.select([\"Paris\", \"Lyon\", \"Marseille\"], {label: \"Country\"}))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1001,"value":"country","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":983,"value":"- **Slider**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":986,"value":"let mynumber = view(Inputs.range([0, 255], {step: 1, label: \"Favorite number\"}))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":988,"value":"mynumber","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":991,"value":"- **Radio** (une valeur)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":993,"value":"let flavor = view(Inputs.radio([\"salty\", \"sweet\", \"bitter\", \"sour\", \"umami\"], {label: \"Flavor\"}))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":995,"value":"flavor","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":981,"value":"- **Checkbox** (plusieurs valeurs)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":973,"value":"let flavors = view(Inputs.checkbox([\"salty\", \"sweet\", \"bitter\", \"sour\", \"umami\"], {label: \"Flavors\"}))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":976,"value":"flavors","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":200,"value":"## L'ordre des cellules n'a pas d'importance","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":944,"value":"FileAttachment(\"topo.png\").image({width:800})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1009,"value":"val1 + val2","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1006,"value":"let val1 = 30","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1007,"value":"let val2 = 50","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1032,"value":"Voici un cercle svg","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1019,"value":"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1033,"value":"Rendons-le réactif","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1020,"value":"let color = view(Inputs.color({ label: \"Couleur\", value: \"#4ab58c\"}))\nlet radius = view(Inputs.range([1, 50], {label: \"Rayon\", step: 1, value: 100 }))\nlet position = view(Inputs.range([50, 950], {label: \"Position\", step: 1, value: 50 }))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1030,"value":"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":98,"value":"# Autres types de cellules","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":34,"value":"## Markdown (md)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":35,"value":"Le Markdown est un langage simple permettant de mettre en forme du texte à l’aide de caractères spéciaux. Il permet notamment de créer des titres, du **gras**, de l’*italique*, des listes, des liens ou du code, tout en restant facilement lisible sous forme de texte brut.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":54,"value":"Voici du texte en *italic* ou en __gras__ avec un [lien](https://observablehq.com/).","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":44,"value":"Le HTML (HyperText Markup Language) est le langage utilisé pour structurer le contenu d’une page web. Il permet de définir les titres, paragraphes, images, liens, tableaux, etc., à l’aide de balises comme `

`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":51,"value":"
Ceci est du texte surligné en rouge.
","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"html","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":52,"value":"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"html","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":53,"value":"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"html","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":62,"value":"## Graphviz (dot)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":64,"value":"Graphviz est une bibliothèque spécialisés dans la création de graphes de relations.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":70,"value":"digraph {\n PDG -> \"Directeur R&D\"\n PDG -> \"Directeur Marketing\"\n \"Directeur R&D\" -> \"Équipe A\"\n \"Directeur R&D\" -> \"Équipe B\"\n \"Directeur Marketing\" -> \"Équipe C\"\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"dot","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":73,"value":"digraph {\n A [shape=box, label=\"Paris\"]\n B [shape=ellipse, label=\"Londres\"]\n C [shape=diamond, label=\"Bruxelles\"]\n\n A -> B\n A -> C\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"dot","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":76,"value":"## LaTeX (TeX)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":77,"value":"LaTeX est un système permettant d’écrire et de mettre en forme des documents, particulièrement utilisé en sciences, mathématiques et recherche. Il permet décrire des formules méthématiques.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":78,"value":"E = mc^2","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":81,"value":"c = \\sqrt{a^2 + b^2}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":83,"value":"d = \\frac{v}{t}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":91,"value":"## SQL (sql)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":847,"value":"SQL (Structured Query Language) est un langage utilisé pour interroger, manipuler et gérer des bases de données relationnelles. SQL est largement utilisé dans les applications, l’analyse de données et les systèmes d’information. Dans Observable, les cellules sql permettent de manipuler et visualiser les données grace à ce langage. Et c'est très pratique.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":167,"value":"let stats = FileAttachment(\"stats.csv\").csv({typed: \"auto\"})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":154,"value":"SELECT * FROM stats WHERE CAST(pop AS DOUBLE) > 200000\nORDER BY CAST(pop AS DOUBLE) DESC","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"sql","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"stats2","database":"var:stats"},{"id":849,"value":"stats2.toArray()","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":852,"value":"On peut aussi faire du `sql` dans un cellule `js` grace à `duckdb`.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":101,"value":"const duckdb = DuckDBClient.of({stats} )","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"js","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":138,"value":"const popfrance = duckdb.sql`SELECT pop FROM stats WHERE country == 'France'`;","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"js","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":861,"value":"popfrance.toArray()[0]","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":88,"value":"## Observable JavaScript (ojs)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":94,"value":"L'ojs correspond à ce que l’ancien éditeur appelait simplement « JavaScript ». Cependant, il possède certaines particularités qui le distinguent du JavaScript standard (vanilla JavaScript). Il n’est plus utilisé par défaut, mais permet d'assurer la compatibilité avec les anciennes versions.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1043,"value":"ville = \"Paris\"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":30,"value":"## Typescript (ts)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":31,"value":"TypeScript (TS) est une version améliorée de JavaScript (JS) qui ajoute notamment un système de types. (les types ne sont pas vérifiés pour le moment)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":33,"value":"let population: number = 68000000;","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":779,"value":"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":39,"value":"## Combiner les types de cellules","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":891,"value":"On peut facilement mettre du JavaScript dans du Markdown","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":887,"value":"let name = \"Youri Gagarine\"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":888,"value":"L'astronaute ${name} est allé dans l'espace","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":892,"value":"Ou l'inverse","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":895,"value":"md`Mon nom est ${name}`","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":202,"value":"# Fonctionnalités à venir","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1053,"value":"## Snipets","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1054,"value":"Pour faciliter l'écritude du code, des snipets seront mis en place par autocomplétion.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":204,"value":"## Télécharger un notebook","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":904,"value":"A l'avenir, les notebooks seront téléchargeables. On pourra les utiliser en local (sans connexion internet) et les déployer où ont veut. Voir [Observable Notebook Kit](\nhttps://observablehq.github.io/notebook-kit/kit).","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":843,"value":"## Versionnement","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1046,"value":"Tout ce que vous écrivez sur le notebook est enregistré et tracé. Vous poyvez revenir à tout moment à n'importe quelle étape.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":844,"value":"## Fork","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1047,"value":"Vous pouvez copier le notebook de n'importe qui pour le modifier. Puis, si vous le souhaitez, fusionner vos modifications avec le notebook initial.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":870,"value":"## Embed","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":908,"value":"Il sera bientôt possible d'embarquer des cellules dans des blogs ou des sites. Exemple :\n\n- Notebook : https://observablehq.com/@neocarto/data-centers\n- Site : https://www.humanite.fr/en-debat/regard-de-cartographe/quand-les-data-centers-envahissent-le-monde","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":871,"value":"## Data Loaders","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":873,"value":"Les dataloaders permettent de charger les données en les manipulant avec des cellules R et Python. Ces cellule spéciales s’exécuteront si besoin sur un cloud au chargement du notebook.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1051,"value":"# En dehors de la plateforme","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1058,"value":"Depuis juillet 2025, il est possible d'utiliser Observable en dehors de la plateforme, ce qui permet de travailler hors ligne et de déployer le notebook où on veut. C'est totalement Open Source.\n\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1059,"value":"Voir [https://observablehq.com/notebook-kit/](https://observablehq.com/notebook-kit/) et [un exemple](https://neocarto.github.io/observable-notebooks2.0/index.html)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1060,"value":"Il existe aussi [Observable Framework](https://observablehq.com/framework/), basé sur le même principe, qui permet de réaliser des dashboards.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1061,"value":"La technologie ojs est également implémentée dans d'autres environnements, notamment dans Quarto (développé par rstudio). Voir [exemple 1](https://ee-cist.github.io/CAR2_cartodyn/TP1/docs/index.html) & [exemple 2](https://ee-cist.github.io/CAR2_cartodyn/TP2/docs/index.html). Cela permet par exemple d'articuler différents langages (R, Python, Julia, ojs) dans un même document. Voir par exemple : [Atelier Sageo 2023](https://riatecom.github.io/sageo-2023).","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1063,"value":"FileAttachment(\"7218d58f8a005dda347736b2651327121212dab8bd9ad204d94cba83cbb77f14dce2422bd8c3b842c144841861c7c6cfee2dc8475feba6c64d22c001d0ffe9ce.png\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1062,"value":"En résumé, vous n'êtes pas prisonniers de la Plateforme Observablehq !","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":5,"value":"# Appendix","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":7,"value":"import { disclaimer, style } from \"observable:d41fbc44e11a58e6\"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1066,"value":"style","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W27","stdlib":"2","titling":"auto"}} 26:"$25:body"