2e:null 2f:["$","title",null,{"children":"Nature Lunar crash landings graphic | Chris Ryan | Observable"}] 34:[{"id":"2a98edc9e2d968dd76e631af378ca92686a4810f4fb2d30ccee900bf3488ab5e4a3efbe4549a8204b07dd6f9b05fd6e72f3414f5e8ff68b1164ad9a929124745","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/2a98edc9e2d968dd76e631af378ca92686a4810f4fb2d30ccee900bf3488ab5e4a3efbe4549a8204b07dd6f9b05fd6e72f3414f5e8ff68b1164ad9a929124745","name":"lunar-crashes-data-v3@1.csv","type":"text/csv","lastModified":1645782857805.25,"size":2322}] 32:{"id":"d6747d4273dcee34","slug":"nature-lunar-crash-landings-graphic","title":"Nature Lunar crash landings graphic","thumbnail":"fae11c5acf0b877a0c5fcc3016e55c05354dc11cb18ccc9143a9d05a1a4bfc7c","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2022-02-23T16:11:05.665Z","update_time":"$D2024-12-19T09:16:54.549Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2022-02-28T16:46:56.484Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":false,"stars":7,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"805a1f1c91948932","login":"chris-creditdesign","name":"Chris Ryan","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/0f01486b9c0d4ee7afc72c56e26d287da81ec22851adcc00e5d8a87d9066c722","tier":"starter_2024"},"version":620,"publish_version":null,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"0901194ea7d305b1","login":"chris-creditdesign","name":"Chris Ryan","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/0f01486b9c0d4ee7afc72c56e26d287da81ec22851adcc00e5d8a87d9066c722","tier":null}],"members":[{"type":"individual","id":"0901194ea7d305b1","login":"chris-creditdesign","name":"Chris Ryan","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/0f01486b9c0d4ee7afc72c56e26d287da81ec22851adcc00e5d8a87d9066c722","tier":null,"role":"editor"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":true,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":1,"collection":null,"type":"notebook","body":{"title":"Nature Lunar crash landings graphic","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"# *Nature* Lunar crash landings graphic\n\n\nThis notebook contains the code for generating the graphic that accompanies the *Nature* article [Space junk heading for Moon will add to 60+ years of lunar debris](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-00542-4).\n\nThe data for this graphic was compiled by Alexandra Witze, who wrote the article.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":506,"value":"---\n\n## Moon crashes\n\nA spent rocket booster will hit the Moon on 4 March — the first time this has happened for space junk not guided there. But it will be far from the first human-made object that has ever crashed into the lunar surface. Shown are planetary missions that have smashed into the Moon, either as a full spacecraft or as parts*.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":557,"value":"{\n const svg_width = 16;\n\n const empty_circle = svg`\n `;\n\n const filled_circle = svg`\n `;\n\n return html`\n

${empty_circle}\n

Successful landing with debris

${filled_circle}

Crash landing

`;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":229,"value":"Plot.plot({\n height: 200,\n width: 1000,\n color: {\n legend: true,\n domain: color_scale_domain,\n range: color_scale_range\n },\n y: {\n grid: false,\n domain: [0, 10],\n label: null,\n axis: null\n },\n x: {\n domain: [1950, 2030],\n tickFormat: (d) => d.toString(),\n label: \"Year\"\n },\n marks: [\n Plot.ruleY([0], { strokeWidth: 3 }),\n Plot.dot(stacked_data, {\n y: \"y_offset\",\n x: \"crash_year\",\n fill: \"nation\",\n fillOpacity: \"soft_landing\",\n stroke: \"nation\",\n strokeWidth: 2,\n r: 4,\n title: (d) => `${d.object} - ${d.full_date}`\n })\n ]\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":510,"value":"---\n\n## Launch date to crash date\n\nWe first tried plotting this as a 'dumbbell chart' to show length of time between launching and crashing for each object, but as the the time to travel to the Moon is relatively short we found this wasn't too informative.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":54,"value":"Plot.plot({\n marginLeft: 150,\n width,\n color: {\n legend: true,\n domain: color_scale_domain,\n range: color_scale_range\n },\n x: {\n domain: [new Date(\"1955-01-01\"), new Date(\"2025-01-01\")],\n grid: true\n },\n y: {\n label: null,\n domain: d3.sort(data, (d) => +d.launch_date).map((d) => d.object)\n },\n marks: [\n Plot.ruleX([new Date(\"1955-01-01\")], { strokeWidth: 3 }),\n Plot.dot(data, { x: \"launch_date\", y: \"object\", fill: \"nation\" }),\n Plot.dot(\n data.filter((d) => !d.approx_crash_date),\n { x: \"crash_date\", y: \"object\", fill: \"nation\" }\n ),\n Plot.link(\n data.filter((d) => !d.approx_crash_date),\n {\n x1: \"launch_date\",\n x2: \"crash_date\",\n y1: \"object\",\n y2: \"object\",\n stroke: \"nation\"\n }\n )\n ]\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":565,"value":"---\n\n## Data","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":31,"value":"data = {\n // We don't auto type the csv data so that the dates,\n // specifically year only are treated as strings\n // new Date(2020) will give 1970 as the year!\n // new Date(\"2020\") will give 2020 as the year\n\n const csv = await FileAttachment(\"lunar-crashes-data-v3@1.csv\").csv({\n typed: false\n });\n\n const data = csv.map((d) => {\n const soft_landing = d.soft_landing === \"Y\" ? true : false;\n const approx_crash_date = d.approx_crash_date === \"Y\" ? true : false;\n const launch_date = new Date(d.launch_date);\n const crash_date = d.crash_date === null ? null : new Date(d.crash_date);\n const nation = d.nation === null ? \"Other\" : d.nation;\n\n return {\n ...d,\n soft_landing,\n launch_date,\n crash_date,\n approx_crash_date,\n nation\n };\n });\n\n return data;\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":true,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":244,"value":"stacked_data = data\n .filter((d) => d.crash_date !== null)\n .filter((d) => !isNaN(d.crash_date))\n .filter((d) => d.nation !== null)\n .sort((a, b) => {\n if (a.crash_date.valueOf() < b.crash_date.valueOf()) {\n return -1;\n } else if (a.crash_date.valueOf() > b.crash_date.valueOf()) {\n return 1;\n } else {\n return 0;\n }\n })\n .map((d, i, array) => {\n const { nation, object, soft_landing } = d;\n const crash_year = d.crash_date.getFullYear();\n const full_date = d.crash_date.toDateString();\n let y_offset = 1;\n\n for (let index = 0; index < i; ++index) {\n if (crash_year === array[index].crash_date.getFullYear()) {\n y_offset += 1;\n }\n }\n\n return {\n crash_year,\n soft_landing,\n nation,\n object,\n full_date,\n y_offset\n };\n })","pinned":true,"hidden":true,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":476,"value":"color_scale_domain = [...new Set(stacked_data.map((d) => d.nation))]","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":534,"value":"color_scale_range = [\n \"#36a9e1\", // SU\n \"#eb5b25\", // US\n \"#343980\", // Japan\n \"#f7ab59\", // Europe\n \"#e5005b\", // India\n \"#76b82a\", // China\n \"#8b95a1\" // Israel\n]","pinned":true,"hidden":true,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":597,"value":"test = FileAttachment(\"lunar-crashes-data-v3@1.csv\").csv()","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W34","stdlib":"1","titling":"auto"}} 33:"$32:body"