2a:null 2b:["$","title",null,{"children":"Comparing the August DNC qualifying polls | Christopher L. Keller | Observable"}] 30:T444,md`Undecided was at 18 percent. This survey of 1,000 registered voters was conducted between August 20 to August 25, 2019, and is based on live telephone interviews of adults 18 years of age or older, residing in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Quota and demographic information—including region, race, and age—were determined from national census data. Samples of both cell phones and standard landlines were called using a probability-proportionate-to-size method, which means that the phone numbers assigned to each state were proportional to the number of adult residents in each state. States were grouped into four general regions. Respondents in the households were selected by initially asking for the youngest adult. Surveys were administered in English and Spanish. The margin of sampling error for results based on the total sample is +/-3 percentage points. Error margins increase for smaller subgroups in the cross-tabulation document above. All surveys may be subject to other sources of error, including but not limited to coverage error and measurement error.`31:[] 2e:{"id":"744afb5f90033b81","slug":"comparing-the-august-dnc-qualifying-polls","title":"Comparing the August DNC qualifying polls","thumbnail":"a81ed103bf81f29df5b78985dfb84e43edfa1ad0e0e445490a07d61332d1ce74","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2019-08-28T00:49:33.324Z","update_time":"$D2019-08-28T17:02:09.099Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2019-08-28T19:15:17.431Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":true,"stars":0,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"b1060e5bd7932c0c","login":"chrislkeller","name":"Christopher L. Keller","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/480c1b063ca680d305e90abbeef687017de8de8a546032d2b65d715341bd861a","tier":"starter_2024"},"version":291,"publish_version":291,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"7e214d36195dad3a","login":"chrislkeller","name":"Christopher L. Keller","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/480c1b063ca680d305e90abbeef687017de8de8a546032d2b65d715341bd861a","tier":null}],"members":[{"type":"individual","id":"7e214d36195dad3a","login":"chrislkeller","name":"Christopher L. Keller","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/480c1b063ca680d305e90abbeef687017de8de8a546032d2b65d715341bd861a","tier":null,"role":"editor"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":false,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":0,"collection":null,"type":"notebook","body":{"titling":"auto","title":"Comparing the August DNC qualifying polls","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"md`# Comparing the August DNC qualifying polls`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":264,"value":"md`To qualify for the third debate, a candidate must reach 2 percent in at least four national or early-state polls from qualifying polling organizations and must have at least 130,000 unique donors, including at least 400 donors in at least 20 states.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":169,"value":"\n\nhtml`\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Poll	Biden	Sanders	Warren	Buttigieg	Harris
CNN	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	4th
Monmouth University	2nd	1st	1st	5th	4th
Quinnipiac University	1st	3rd	2nd	5th	4th
USA Today/Suffolk University	1st	3rd	2nd	4th	4th

\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":5,"value":"vl({\n data: {\n values: cnn_poll_long\n }, \n mark: 'bar',\n point: true,\n title: {\n text: 'August CNN poll conducted by SSRS',\n orient: 'top',\n anchor: 'start',\n font: 'Benton Gothic Bold',\n fontSize: 20,\n color: '#000000',\n },\n encoding: {\n x: {\n field: 'number',\n type: 'quantitative',\n axis: {'tickCount': 5, title: 'Percent of respondents'},\n scale: {domain: [0, 40]},\n },\n y: {\n field: 'candidate',\n type: 'nominal',\n title: 'Candidate',\n sort: \"-x\"\n },\n },\n width: 650,\n height: 540,\n config: {\n axis: {\n labelFont: 'Benton Gothic',\n labelFontSize: 13,\n labelFontWeight: 'normal',\n titleFont: \"Benton Gothic Bold, sans\",\n titleFontSize: 13,\n titleFontWeight: \"normal\"\n },\n facet: {columns: 3},\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":158,"value":"md`The study was conducted for CNN via telephone by SSRS, an independent research company. Interviews were\nconducted from August 15-18, 2019 among a sample of 1,001 respondents. The landline total respondents were\n351 and there were 650 cell phone respondents. The margin of sampling error for total respondents is +/- 3.7 at\nthe 95% confidence level. The design effect is 1.46. `","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2,"value":"// source data is http://cdn.cnn.com/cnn/2019/images/08/19/rel9a.-.democrats.2020.pdf\n\ncnn_poll_csv = 'candidate,2019-08-18,2019-06-30,2019-05-31,2019-04-28\\n\"Biden\",29,22,32,39\\n\"Sanders\",15,14,18,15\\n\"Warren\",14,15,7,8\\n\"Harris\",5,17,8,5\\n\"Buttigieg\",5,4,5,7\\n\"O\\'Rourke\",3,3,5,6\\n\"Booker\",2,3,3,2\\n\"Castro\",2,1,2,1\\n\"Gabbard\",2,1,1,2\\n\"Bullock\",1,0,0,0\\n\"Klobuchar\",1,2,2,2\\n\"Ryan\",1,*,1,*\\n\"Steyer\",1,\"n/a\",\"n/a\",\"n/a\"\\n\"Yang\",1,1,1,1'","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":58,"value":"cnn_poll_wide = await d3.csvParse(cnn_poll_csv);","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":53,"value":"cnn_poll_long = {\n var objects = [];\n cnn_poll_wide.forEach(function(d) {\n Object.keys(d).forEach(function(colname) {\n if(colname === 'candidate' || colname === '2019-04-28' || colname === '2019-05-31' || colname === '2019-06-30') {\n return\n }\n objects.push({\n candidate: d['candidate'],\n number: parseInt(d[colname]),\n date: colname,\n });\n });\n });\n return objects;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":146,"value":"vl({\n data: {\n values: monmouth_poll_long\n }, \n mark: 'bar',\n point: true,\n title: {\n text: 'August Monmouth University Poll',\n orient: 'top',\n anchor: 'start',\n font: 'Benton Gothic Bold',\n fontSize: 20,\n color: '#000000',\n },\n encoding: {\n x: {\n field: 'number',\n type: 'quantitative',\n axis: {'tickCount': 5, title: 'Percent of respondents'},\n scale: {domain: [0, 40]},\n },\n y: {\n field: 'candidate',\n type: 'nominal',\n title: 'Candidate',\n sort: \"-x\"\n },\n },\n width: 650,\n height: 540,\n config: {\n axis: {\n labelFont: 'Benton Gothic',\n labelFontSize: 13,\n labelFontWeight: 'normal',\n titleFont: \"Benton Gothic Bold, sans\",\n titleFontSize: 13,\n titleFontWeight: \"normal\"\n },\n facet: {columns: 3},\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":155,"value":"md`The Monmouth University Poll was conducted by telephone from August 16 to 20, 2019 with 800 adults in the United States. Results in this release are based on 298 registered voters who identify as Democrats or lean toward the Democratic Party, which has a +/- 5.7 percentage point sampling margin of error. The poll was conducted by the Monmouth University Polling Institute in West Long Branch, NJ.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":129,"value":"monmouth_poll_csv = 'candidate,2019-aug,2019-june,2019-may,2019-april,2019-march,2019-january\\n\"Bernie Sanders\",20,14,15,20,25,16\\n\"Elizabeth Warren\",20,15,10,6,8,8\\n\"Joe Biden\",19,32,33,27,28,29\\n\"Kamala Harris\",8,8,11,8,10,11\\n\"Cory Booker\",4,2,1,2,5,4\\n\"Pete Buttigieg\",4,5,6,8,<1,0\\n\"Andrew Yang\",3,2,1,<1,1,1\\n\"Julián Castro\",2,<1,1<1,1,1\\n\"Beto O\\'Rourke\",2,3,4,4,6,7\\n\"Marianne Williamson\",2,1,1,<1,<1,n/a\\n\"de Blasio\",1,1,1,1,1,\"n/a\"\\n\"Gabbard\",1,1,1,0,<1,1\\n\"Klobuchar\",1,1,3,1,4,2'","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":134,"value":"monmouth_poll_wide = await d3.csvParse(monmouth_poll_csv);","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":139,"value":"monmouth_poll_long = {\n var objects = [];\n monmouth_poll_wide.forEach(function(d) {\n Object.keys(d).forEach(function(colname) {\n if(colname === 'candidate' || colname === '2019-january' || colname === '2019-march' || colname === '2019-april' || colname === '2019-may' || colname === '2019-june') {\n return\n }\n objects.push({\n candidate: d['candidate'],\n number: parseInt(d[colname]),\n date: colname,\n });\n });\n });\n return objects;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":202,"value":"vl({\n data: {\n values: quinnipiac_poll_long\n }, \n mark: 'bar',\n point: true,\n title: {\n text: 'August Quinnipiac University Poll',\n orient: 'top',\n anchor: 'start',\n font: 'Benton Gothic Bold',\n fontSize: 20,\n color: '#000000',\n },\n encoding: {\n x: {\n field: 'number',\n type: 'quantitative',\n axis: {'tickCount': 5, title: 'Percent of respondents'},\n scale: {domain: [0, 40]},\n },\n y: {\n field: 'candidate',\n type: 'nominal',\n title: 'Candidate',\n sort: \"-x\"\n },\n },\n width: 650,\n height: 540,\n config: {\n axis: {\n labelFont: 'Benton Gothic',\n labelFontSize: 13,\n labelFontWeight: 'normal',\n titleFont: \"Benton Gothic Bold, sans\",\n titleFontSize: 13,\n titleFontWeight: \"normal\"\n },\n facet: {columns: 3},\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":207,"value":"md`From August 21 – 26, Quinnipiac University surveyed 1,422 self-identified registered voters nationwide\nwith a margin of error of +/- 3.1 percentage points, including the design effect. The survey includes 648\nDemocratic voters and independent voters who lean Democratic with a margin of error of +/- 4.6 percentage\npoints, including the design effect.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":189,"value":"quinnipiac_poll_csv = 'candidate,2019-08-28,2019-08-06,2019-07-29,2019-07-02,2019-06-11,2019-05-21,2019-04-30,2019-03-28\\n\"Biden\",32,32,34,22,30,35,38,29\\n\"Warren\",19,21,15,14,15,13,12,4\\n\"Sanders\",15,14,11,13,19,16,11,19\\n\"Harris\",7,7,12,20,7,8,8,8\\n\"Buttigieg\",5,5,6,4,8,5,10,4\\n\"Yang\",3,1,2,1,1,1,1,\\n\"O\\'Rourke\",1,2,2,1,3,2,5,12\\n\"Booker\",1,2,1,3,1,3,2,2\\n\"Gillibrand\",-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-\\n\"Klobuchar\",1,1,1,1,1,2,1,2\\n\"Castro\",-,1,-,1,-,1,1,1\\n\"Gabbard\",1,1,1,1,-,1,-,-\\n\"Delaney\",-,-,-,-,-,-,-,-\\n\"Williamson\",1,-,1,-,-,-,-,\\n\"Messam\",-,-,-,-,-,-,-,\"na\"\\n\"Ryan\",-,-,-,-,1,-,-,\"na\"\\n\"Bennet\",1,-,-,-,-,-,\"na\",\"na\"\\n\"Bullock\",1,-,-,-,-,-,\"na\",\"na\"\\n\"de Blasio\",1,-,-,-,-,-,\"na\",\"na\"\\n'","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":193,"value":"quinnipiac_poll_wide = await d3.csvParse(quinnipiac_poll_csv);","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":196,"value":"quinnipiac_poll_long = {\n var objects = [];\n quinnipiac_poll_wide.forEach(function(d) {\n Object.keys(d).forEach(function(colname) {\n if(colname == 'candidate' || colname == '2019-08-06' || colname == '2019-07-29' || colname == '2019-07-02' || colname == '2019-06-11' || colname == '2019-05-21' || colname == '2019-04-30' || colname == '2019-03-28') {\n return\n }\n objects.push({\n candidate: d['candidate'],\n number: parseInt(d[colname]),\n date: colname,\n });\n });\n });\n return objects;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":231,"value":"vl({\n data: {\n values: suffolk_poll_long\n }, \n mark: 'bar',\n point: true,\n title: {\n text: 'August Suffolk University/USA Today Poll',\n orient: 'top',\n anchor: 'start',\n font: 'Benton Gothic Bold',\n fontSize: 20,\n color: '#000000',\n },\n encoding: {\n x: {\n field: 'number',\n type: 'quantitative',\n axis: {'tickCount': 5, title: 'Percent of respondents'},\n scale: {domain: [0, 40]},\n },\n y: {\n field: 'candidate',\n type: 'nominal',\n title: 'Candidate',\n sort: \"x\"\n },\n },\n width: 650,\n height: 540,\n config: {\n axis: {\n labelFont: 'Benton Gothic',\n labelFontSize: 13,\n labelFontWeight: 'normal',\n titleFont: \"Benton Gothic Bold, sans\",\n titleFontSize: 13,\n titleFontWeight: \"normal\"\n },\n facet: {columns: 3},\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":213,"value":"$30","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":221,"value":"suffolk_poll_csv = 'candidate,2019-08-28\\n\"Joe Biden\",32\\n\"Elizabeth Warren\",14\\n\"Bernie Sanders\",12\\n\"Pete Buttigieg\",6\\n\"Kamala Harris\",6\\n\"Andrew Yang\",3\\n\"Cory Booker\",2\\n\"Beto O\\'Rourke\",2\\n\"Julian Castro\",1\\n\"Tim Ryan\",1\\n\"Refused\",1\\n\"Michael Bennet\",*\\n\"Tulsi Gabbard\",*\\n\"Tom Steyer\",*\\n\"Marianne Williamson\",*\\n\"Steve Bullock\",-\\n\"Bill de Blasio\",-\\n\"John Delaney\",-\\n\"Kirsten Gillibrand\",-\\n\"Amy Klobuchar\",-\\n\"Wayne Messam\",-\\n\"Joe Sestak\",-\\n\"Other\",-\\n'","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":223,"value":"suffolk_poll_wide = await d3.csvParse(suffolk_poll_csv);","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":228,"value":"suffolk_poll_long = {\n var objects = [];\n suffolk_poll_wide.forEach(function(d) {\n Object.keys(d).forEach(function(colname) {\n if(colname == 'candidate') {\n return\n }\n objects.push({\n candidate: d['candidate'],\n number: parseInt(d[colname]),\n date: colname,\n });\n });\n });\n return objects;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":7,"value":"vl = require.alias({\n \"vega\": \"vega@5.3.1\",\n \"vega-lite\": \"vega-lite@3.0.0\"\n})(\"vega-embed@4\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":61,"value":"d3 = require(\"d3@5\")","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W31","stdlib":"1"}} 2f:"$2e:body"