flipping a coin 2 outcomes

flip the coin twice and each could have two outcomes so 2x2 4

2*2

rolling the dice 6 numbers and six different outlooks 6x6 36

you can chose a cat or a dog 2x3 6

5 x 4 20 because one the president is chosen you only have 4 left,

26x26x10x10x10 676000

referring to 1 with the constraints that letters or numbers may not be repeated.

2*2*2*6