2c:null 2d:["$","title",null,{"children":"Veamos los datos: horas trabajadas, ingreso y productividad por país | Ernesto Laval | Observable"}] 32:T516,md`## Cambio en horas trabajadas desde un punto de referencia En esta visualización, tomamos como punto de referencia el año en el que un país tuvo similar PIB per cápita que Chile en 2018 (ajsutado a US$ de 2018)
Por ejemplo:

Chile tiene un PIB per cápita de US$25.8K en 2018 y EEUU tuvo un PIB per cápita similar en 1972 (US$25.6 en US$ de 2018).

**1972** será nuestro año de referencia para EEUU (en el gráfico se identifica como el "**año 0**" en el eje X).

El año 1972, EEUU tuvo un promedio anual de horas trabajadas por empleado de **1,896**, este será nuestro valor de referencia, que en el gráfico se identifica con el "**índice 1**" en el eje Y

El año 1973 (**año 1**), EEUU disminuyó las horas trabajadas a 1,893 (**0.998** veces las horas del año "0"). En el gráfico se representa una curva que ilustra como aumenta o disminuye la cantidad de horas trabajadas en relación a nuestro punto de referencia (el año en que tenían un PIB per cápita similar a Chile).

¿Para que hacer todas estas transformaciones? Para poder comparar las tendencias de crecimiento / disminucíon de horas trabajadas de una manera estandard a partir del momento en que los países tienen un PIB de US$25.8K (el PIB de Chile en 2018). `33:T62e,{ const data = _.sortBy(similarCountries, d => d.countryCode); return html`

${data.map(d => ` `) }

(1) PIB en US$ de 2018 según datos de Conference Board
(2) Promedio de horas trabajadas al año según datos de OECD (no están disponibles para todos los años)
(3) Promedio de horas trabajadas al año según datos de Conference Board (no siempre coinciden con OECD)
(4) Productividad por hora trabajada (GDP Total / Total de horas trabajadas)
Código	País	Año	PIB(1)	Promedio de horas trabajadas al año por empleado OECD (2)	Promedio de horas trabajadas al año por empleado CB (3)	Productividad (4)	Personas empleadas (miles)	PIB total (millones US$ 2018)
${d.countryCode}	${d.country}	${d.year}	US$${d3.format(",.0f")(d['CB-Per Capita Income'])}	${d['OECD-hoursWorked'] ? d3.format(",.0f")(d['OECD-hoursWorked']) : "-"}	${d['CB-Average Hours Worked'] ? d3.format(",.0f")(d['CB-Average Hours Worked']) : "-"}	${d['CB-Output per Hour Worked'] \|\| "-"}	${d['CB-Employment'] ? d3.format(",.0f")(d['CB-Employment']) : "-"}	${d['CB-GDP EKS'] ? d3.format(",.0f")(d['CB-GDP EKS']) : "-"}

` }34:T965,{ const data = { oecd: getAverageHours("OECD-hoursWorked"), cb: getAverageHours("CB-Average Hours Worked"), } const formatter = d3.format(".0f") return html`

Autor: Ernesto Laval (@elaval)
Fuente de datos:
OECD (https://data.oecd.org/emp/hours-worked.htm)

Conference Board (https://www.conference-board.org/data/economydatabase)
	OECD como fuente de datos para horas trabajadas	Conference Board como fuente de datos para horas trabajadas
Promedio anual de horas trabajadas en Chile (2018)	${data.oecd.cl["OECD-hoursWorked"]}	${data.oecd.cl["CB-Average Hours Worked"]}
Número países que tuvieron PIB similar a Chile en 2018 para los cuales se tienen datos de PIB y horas trabajadas (excluyendo Chile)	${data.oecd.dataWOChile.length}	${data.cb.dataWOChile.length}
Promedio de horas trabajadas al año en otros países cuando tenían un PIB similar a Chile (media aritmética de países excluyendo Chile)	${formatter(data.oecd.meanWOChile)}	${formatter(data.cb.meanWOChile)}
Promedio "truncado" de horas trabajadas al año en otros países cuando tenían un PIB similar a Chile (promedio aritmético truncado: se excluye Chile además del país con valor máximo y el país con valor mínimo )	${formatter(data.oecd.meanTruncated)}	${formatter(data.cb.meanTruncated)}

` /* Promedio ponderado por empleados de horas trabajadas al año en países cuando tenían un PIB similar a Chile
(promedio ponderado: total de horas / total de empleados) ${formatter(data.oecd.meanAvgHours)} ${formatter(data.cb.meanAvgHours)} */ } /* {value:"OECD-hoursWorked", label:"Horas trabajadas al año (OECD)"}, {value:"CB-Average Hours Worked", label:"Horas trabajadas al año (Conference Board)"}, */ 35:T507,getAverageHours = (hourAttribute) => { const data = similarCountries.filter(d => d[hourAttribute]); const record = {}; record.max = _.maxBy(data, d => d[hourAttribute]); record.min = _.minBy(data, d => d[hourAttribute]); record.cl = data.find(d => d.location == "CHL"); // dataTruncated: no incluye el max, el min ni Chile record.dataTruncated = data.filter( d => d !== record.max && d !== record.min && d !== record.cl); // dataWOChile: no incluye Chile record.dataWOChile = data.filter(d => d !== record.cl); record.totalPIB = _.reduce(record.dataWOChile, (memo,d) => memo + d['CB-GDP EKS'], 0); record.totalHours = _.reduce(record.dataWOChile.filter(d => d['CB-Employment'] && d['CB-Average Hours Worked']), (memo,d) => memo + d['CB-Employment'] * d['CB-Average Hours Worked'], 0); record.totalEmployment = _.reduce(record.dataWOChile.filter(d => d['CB-Employment'] && d['CB-Average Hours Worked']), (memo,d) => memo + d['CB-Employment'] , 0); record.meanProductivity = 1000*record.totalPIB / record.totalHours; record.meanAvgHours = record.totalHours / record.totalEmployment; record.meanWOChile = d3.mean(record.dataWOChile, d => d[hourAttribute]); record.meanTruncated = d3.mean(record.dataTruncated, d => d[hourAttribute]); return record }36:T14af,CountryDisplay = class { constructor(el) { this.svgWidth = width; // SVG width this.svgHeight = width/2; // SVG height this.margin = { left: 50, top:20, bottom:40, right:50 } this.width = this.svgWidth - this.margin.left - this.margin.right; this.height = this.svgHeight - this.margin.top - this.margin.bottom; // d3 selection for the main svg element this.svg = d3.select(el) .attr("width", this.svgWidth) .attr("height", this.svgHeight); this.xScale = d3.scaleLinear().range([0, this.width]) this.yScale = d3.scaleLinear().range([this.height, 0]) this.axisY = d3.axisLeft(this.yScale); this.axisX = d3.axisBottom(this.xScale) .ticks(width/80); // d3 selection for the main g element // we will use this element to transalet & scale when the user does zoom & pan this.container = this.svg.selectAll("g.container") .data([null]) .join("g") .attr("class", "container") .attr("transform", d => `translate(${this.margin.left}, ${this.margin.top})`) this.container.selectAll("g.y.axis") .data([null]) .join("g") .attr("class", "y axis") this.container.selectAll("g.x.axis") .data([null]) .join("g") .attr("class", "x axis") .attr("transform", d => `translate(0, ${this.height})`) this.container.selectAll("line.reference") .data([null]) .join("line") .attr("class", "reference") .attr("x1", 0) .attr("x2", this.width) .attr("stroke", "grey") .attr("stroke-width", "grey") // text label for the x axis this.container.selectAll("text.title.x") .data([null]) .join("text") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("font-size", 10) .attr("y", this.margin.bottom -10) .attr("class", "title x") .attr("transform",`translate(${this.width},${this.height})`) .style("text-anchor", "end") .text("Año en que el país tenía el mismo PIB per cápita que Chile en 2018"); // text label for the y axis this.container.selectAll("text.title.y") .data([null]) .join("text") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("font-size", 10) .attr("class", "title y") .attr("transform",`rotate(-90)`) .attr("y", 0 - this.margin.left) .attr("x",0 - (this.height / 2)) .attr("dy", "1em") .style("text-anchor", "middle") .text("Promedio de horas trabajadas al año"); // activate zoom functionality on the svg element (we will apply the zoom on the g element) /* this.svg.call(d3.zoom().on("zoom", () => { this.container.attr("transform", d3.event.transform) })) */ this.t = this.svg.transition() .duration(750); } render(_data) { debugger; if (_data && hourAttribute) { const data = _data.filter(d => d[hourAttribute]) const extentX = d3.extent(data, d => +d['year']) const extentY = d3.extent(data, d => d[hourAttribute]); this.xScale.domain([extentX[0]-5, extentX[1]+5]) this.yScale.domain([extentY[0]-50, extentY[1]+50]) this.container.select("g.y.axis") .call(this.axisY) this.container.select("g.x.axis") .call(this.axisX) const countries = this.container.selectAll("g.country") .data(data, d => d.code2) .join("g") .attr("class", d => `country ${d.code2}`) ; countries .transition(this.t) .attr("transform", d => `translate(${this.xScale(+d['year'])}, ${this.yScale(d[hourAttribute])-flagSize/2})`) countries.selectAll("rect.flag") .data(d => [d]) .join("rect") .attr("class", "flag") .attr("x", -flagSize/2) .attr("y", -flagSize/2) .attr("width", flagSize+1) .attr("height", flagSize+1) .attr("fill", "grey") countries.selectAll("image.flag") .data(d => [d]) .join("image") .attr("class", "flag") .attr("width", flagSize) .attr("height", flagSize) .attr("x", -flagSize/2) .attr("y", -flagSize/2) .attr("xlink:href", d => `https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/flag-icon-css/3.3.0/flags/1x1/${d.code2.toLowerCase()}.svg`) countries.selectAll("text.hours") .data(d => [d]) .join("text") .attr("class", "hours") .attr("y", flagSize) .attr("dy", 0) // -flagSize/3) .attr("x", 0) .attr("text-anchor", "middle") .attr("font-size", flagSize/3) .text(d => `${d[hourAttribute]} hrs.` ) countries.selectAll("text.country") .data(d => [d]) .join("text") .attr("class", "hours") .attr("y", -flagSize) .attr("dy", flagSize/3) .attr("x", 0) .attr("text-anchor", "middle") .attr("font-size", flagSize/3) .text(d => `${d["countryCode"]} ${d["year"]}` ) this.container.select("line.reference") .attr("y1", this.yScale(targetRecord[hourAttribute])-flagSize/2) .attr("y2", this.yScale(targetRecord[hourAttribute])-flagSize/2) } } }37:T16bf,ProductivityDisplay = class { constructor(el) { this.svgWidth = width; // SVG width this.svgHeight = width/2; // SVG height this.margin = { left: 50, top:20, bottom:20, right:50 } this.width = this.svgWidth - this.margin.left - this.margin.right; this.height = this.svgHeight - this.margin.top - this.margin.bottom; // d3 selection for the main svg element this.svg = d3.select(el) .attr("width", this.svgWidth) .attr("height", this.svgHeight); this.xScale = d3.scaleLinear().range([0, this.width]) this.yScale = d3.scaleLinear().range([this.height, 0]) this.color = d3.scaleOrdinal(d3.schemeCategory10); this.axisY = d3.axisLeft(this.yScale); this.axisX = d3.axisBottom(this.xScale) .ticks(width/80); // d3 selection for the main g element // we will use this element to transalet & scale when the user does zoom & pan this.container = this.svg.selectAll("g.container") .data([null]) .join("g") .attr("class", "container") .attr("transform", d => `translate(${this.margin.left}, ${this.margin.top})`) this.container.selectAll("g.y.axis") .data([null]) .join("g") .attr("class", "y axis") this.container.selectAll("g.x.axis") .data([null]) .join("g") .attr("class", "x axis") .attr("transform", d => `translate(0, ${this.height})`) this.container.selectAll("line.reference") .data([null]) .join("line") .attr("class", "reference") .attr("x1", 0) .attr("x2", this.width) .attr("stroke", "grey") .attr("stroke-width", "grey") // text label for the x axis this.container.selectAll("text.x.title") .data([null]) .join("text") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("font-size", 10) .attr("y", this.margin.bottom - 30) .attr("class", "title x") .attr("transform",`translate(${this.width},${this.height})`) .style("text-anchor", "end") .text("Año"); // reference text this.container.selectAll("text.reference") .data([null]) .join("text") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("font-size", 10) .attr("x", this.width) .attr("dy", 10) .attr("class", "reference") .style("text-anchor", "end") .text("Productividad equivalente a la de Chile en 2018") // text label for the y axis this.container.selectAll("text.y.title") .data([null]) .join("text") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("font-size", 10) .attr("class", "title y") .attr("transform",`rotate(-90)`) .attr("y", 0 - this.margin.left) .attr("x",0 - (this.height / 2)) .attr("dy", "1em") .style("text-anchor", "middle") .text("Productividad (US$ por hora trabajada"); // activate zoom functionality on the svg element (we will apply the zoom on the g element) /** this.svg.call(d3.zoom().on("zoom", () => { this.container.attr("transform", d3.event.transform) })) */ this.t = this.svg.transition() .duration(750); this.line = d3.line() .x(d => this.xScale(d["year"])) .y(d => this.yScale(d[productivityAttribute])) } // We display the products on the shelves render(_data) { debugger; if (_data) { const dataValid = _.chain(_data) .filter(d => countrySelection.indexOf(d["location"]) >= 0) .value(); const data = _.chain(dataValid) .groupBy(d => d.location) .map((items, key) => ({ countryCode: key, items: _.sortBy(items, d => d["year"]) })) .value(); const extentX = d3.extent(dataValid, d => +d['year']) const extentY = d3.extent(dataValid, d => d[productivityAttribute] > 30 ? d[productivityAttribute] : 30 ); this.xScale.domain([extentX[0], extentX[1]]) this.yScale.domain([0, extentY[1]+0]) this.container.select("g.y.axis") .call(this.axisY) this.container.select("g.x.axis") .call(this.axisX) // We display a collection of rectangles that represent the bays on th ebackground const countries = this.container.selectAll("path.productivity") .data(data, d => d.countryCode) .join("path") .attr("class", d => `productivity ${d.location}`) .attr("stroke", d => this.color(d.countryCode)) .attr("d", d => this.line(d.items)) ; this.container.select("line.reference") .attr("y1", this.yScale(targetRecord[productivityAttribute])) .attr("y2", this.yScale(targetRecord[productivityAttribute])) this.container.selectAll("text.reference") .attr("y", this.yScale(targetRecord[productivityAttribute])) /* countries.selectAll("rect.flag") .data(d => [d]) .join("rect") .attr("class", "flag") .attr("x", -flagSize/2) .attr("y", -flagSize/2) .attr("width", flagSize+2) .attr("height", flagSize+2) .attr("fill", "grey") */ // We create a element per product and position it on the right x/x position this.container.selectAll("image.flag") .data(data) .join("image") .attr("class", "flag") .attr("width", flagSize) .attr("height", flagSize) .attr("x", this.width) .attr("y", d => this.yScale(d.items[d.items.length-1][productivityAttribute])-flagSize/2) .attr("xlink:href", d => `https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/flag-icon-css/3.3.0/flags/1x1/${codeDict[d.countryCode]["alpha-2"].toLowerCase()}.svg`) } } }38:T1d51,HoursChangeDisplay = class { constructor(el) { this.svgWidth = width; // SVG width this.svgHeight = width/2; // SVG height this.margin = { left: 50, top:20, bottom:40, right:50 } this.width = this.svgWidth - this.margin.left - this.margin.right; this.height = this.svgHeight - this.margin.top - this.margin.bottom; // d3 selection for the main svg element this.svg = d3.select(el) .attr("width", this.svgWidth) .attr("height", this.svgHeight); this.xScale = d3.scaleLinear().range([0, this.width]) this.yScale = d3.scaleLinear().range([this.height, 0]) this.color = d3.scaleOrdinal(d3.schemeCategory10); this.axisY = d3.axisLeft(this.yScale); this.axisX = d3.axisBottom(this.xScale) .ticks(width/80); // d3 selection for the main g element // we will use this element to transalet & scale when the user does zoom & pan this.container = this.svg.selectAll("g.container") .data([null]) .join("g") .attr("class", "container") .attr("transform", d => `translate(${this.margin.left}, ${this.margin.top})`) this.container.selectAll("g.y.axis") .data([null]) .join("g") .attr("class", "y axis") this.container.selectAll("g.x.axis") .data([null]) .join("g") .attr("class", "x axis") .attr("transform", d => `translate(0, ${this.height})`) this.container.selectAll("line.referenceH") .data([null]) .join("line") .attr("class", "referenceH") .attr("x1", 0) .attr("x2", this.width) .attr("stroke", "grey") .attr("stroke-width", 0.5) this.container.selectAll("line.referenceV") .data([null]) .join("line") .attr("class", "referenceV") .attr("y1", 0) .attr("y2", this.height) .attr("stroke", "grey") .attr("stroke-width", 0.5) // text label for the x axis this.container.selectAll("text.x.title") .data([null]) .join("text") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("font-size", 10) .attr("y", this.margin.bottom - 15) .attr("class", "title x") .attr("transform",`translate(${this.width},${this.height})`) .style("text-anchor", "end") .text("Año relativo al año en que tuvieron un PIB similar a Chile en 2018"); // reference text this.container.selectAll("text.reference") .data([null]) .join("text") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("font-size", 10) .attr("x", this.width/2) .attr("dy", 10) .attr("class", "reference") .style("text-anchor", "middle") .text("Año 0 : PIB similar a Chile 2019") // text label for the y axis this.container.selectAll("text.y.title") .data([null]) .join("text") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("font-size", 10) .attr("class", "title y") .attr("transform",`rotate(-90)`) .attr("y", 0 - this.margin.left) .attr("x",0 - (this.height / 2)) .attr("dy", "1em") .style("text-anchor", "middle") .text("Indice de horas trabajadas (1: horas trabajadas año con PIB similar a CHILE 2018)"); // text label for the y axis this.container.selectAll("circle.reference") .data([null]) .join("circle") .attr("class", "reference") .attr("r", width/100) // activate zoom functionality on the svg element (we will apply the zoom on the g element) /** this.svg.call(d3.zoom().on("zoom", () => { this.container.attr("transform", d3.event.transform) })) */ this.t = this.svg.transition() .duration(750); this.line = d3.line() .x(d => this.xScale(d["year"])) .y(d => this.yScale(d["index"])) } // We display the products on the shelves render(_data) { debugger; if (_data) { const data = _data.filter(d => countrySelection2.indexOf(d.country) >=0); let allNodes = []; _data.forEach(d => { d.nodesFiltered = _.chain(d.nodes).filter(e => Math.abs(e.year) <=10).value() d.nodesFiltered.forEach(e => allNodes.push(e)) }); const maxDiff = d3.max(allNodes, d => Math.abs(d.index -1)) const extentX = [-10, 10]; const extentY = [1-maxDiff, 1+maxDiff]; this.xScale.domain([extentX[0], extentX[1]]) this.yScale.domain(extentY) this.container.select("g.y.axis") .call(this.axisY) this.container.select("g.x.axis") .call(this.axisX) // We display a collection of rectangles that represent the bays on th ebackground const countries = this.container.selectAll("path.hour.growth") .data(data, d => d.country) .join("path") .attr("class", d => `hour growth ${d.country}`) .attr("stroke", d => this.color(d.country)) .attr("d", d => this.line(d.nodesFiltered)) ; this.container.selectAll("circle.reference") .attr("cx", this.xScale(0)) .attr("cy", this.yScale(1)) .attr("fill", "lightgrey") this.container.select("line.referenceH") .attr("y1", this.yScale(1)) .attr("y2", this.yScale(1)) this.container.select("line.referenceV") .attr("x1", this.xScale(0)) .attr("x2", this.xScale(0)) /* this.container.selectAll("text.reference") .attr("y", this.yScale(targetRecord[productivityAttribute])) */ this.container.selectAll("rect.flag") .data(data) .join("rect") .attr("class", "flag") .attr("x", d => { const lastNode = d.nodesFiltered[d.nodesFiltered.length-1]; return this.xScale(lastNode["year"]); }) .attr("y", d => { const lastNode = d.nodesFiltered[d.nodesFiltered.length-1]; return this.yScale(lastNode["index"])-flagSize/2; }) .attr("width", flagSize+1) .attr("height", flagSize+1) .attr("fill", "grey") // We create a element per product and position it on the right x/x position this.container.selectAll("image.flag") .data(data) .join("image") .attr("class", "flag") .attr("width", flagSize) .attr("height", flagSize) .attr("x", d => { const lastNode = d.nodesFiltered[d.nodesFiltered.length-1]; return this.xScale(lastNode["year"]); }) .attr("y", d => { const lastNode = d.nodesFiltered[d.nodesFiltered.length-1]; return this.yScale(lastNode["index"])-flagSize/2; }) .attr("xlink:href", d => `https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/flag-icon-css/3.3.0/flags/1x1/${codeDict[d.country]["alpha-2"].toLowerCase()}.svg`) this.container.selectAll("text.country") .data(data) .join("text") .attr("class", "country") .attr("font-size", flagSize/2) .attr("dy", flagSize/4) .attr("x", d => { const lastNode = d.nodesFiltered[d.nodesFiltered.length-1]; return this.xScale(lastNode["year"])+flagSize+2; }) .attr("y", d => { const lastNode = d.nodesFiltered[d.nodesFiltered.length-1]; return this.yScale(lastNode["index"]); }) .text(d => d.country) } } }39:T50e,closestPIBCountries = { const out = []; // Colección con los items del año correspondient al PIB más cercano al target para cada país const grouped = _.groupBy(data, d => d.location); // Para cada país, encontrar el que tenga registro para el año en el cual el PIB per cápita se acerca más al // PIB per cápita de Chile el año objetivo (e.j. 2019) _.each(grouped, (items,key) => { // Para cada país, selecciona items con datos de PIB para el año correspondiente const itemsWithPIBData = items.filter(d => d[targetAttribute]) const closest = _.minBy(itemsWithPIBData, d => { const deltaVsTarget = Math.abs(targetRecord[targetAttribute]-d[targetAttribute]); return deltaVsTarget; }) closest && out.push(closest); }) // Agregar nombre del país out.forEach(d => { d["countryCode"] = d.location; d["country"] = codeDict[d.location] && codeDict[d.location].name || d.location; d["code2"] = codeDict[d.location] && codeDict[d.location]["alpha-2"]; }) const validRecords = out; /* const validRecords = out.filter(d => { return Math.abs(targetRecord['CB-Per Capita Income']-d['CB-Per Capita Income'])/targetRecord['CB-Per Capita Income'] < 0.1 //&& d.hoursWorked }); */ return validRecords }3a:T805,data = { const data = []; const dict_Country_Year = {} data_GDP.forEach(d => { const id = `${d.LOCATION}-${d.TIME}`; dict_Country_Year[id] = dict_Country_Year[id] || { location: d.LOCATION, year: d.TIME }; if (d.MEASURE == "MLN_USD") { dict_Country_Year[id]["gdp"] = +d.Value; } else if (d.MEASURE == "USD_CAP") { dict_Country_Year[id]["OECD-gdpPerCapita"] = +d.Value; } }) data_WH.forEach(d => { const id = `${d.LOCATION}-${d.TIME}`; dict_Country_Year[id] = dict_Country_Year[id] || { location: d.LOCATION, year: d.TIME }; if (d.MEASURE == "HR_WKD") { dict_Country_Year[id]["OECD-hoursWorked"] = +d.Value; } }) dataWB.forEach(d=> { const id = `${d.location}-${d.year}`; dict_Country_Year[id] = dict_Country_Year[id] || { location: d.location, year: d.year }; dict_Country_Year[id]["WB-gdpConstant2011"] = +d.gdpConstant; }) dataMaddison.forEach(d=> { const id = `${d.countrycode}-${d.year}`; dict_Country_Year[id] = dict_Country_Year[id] || { location: d.location, year: d.year }; dict_Country_Year[id]["MADDISON-C_GDP_PC"] = +d.cgdppc; dict_Country_Year[id]["MADDISON-R_GDP_NAPC"] = +d.rgdpnapc; }) conferenceBoard.forEach(d=> { const id = `${d.location}-${d.year}`; dict_Country_Year[id] = dict_Country_Year[id] || { location: d.location, year: d.year }; dict_Country_Year[id]["CB-Average Hours Worked"] = +d["CB-Average Hours Worked"]; dict_Country_Year[id]["CB-Per Capita Income"] = +d["CB-Per Capita Income"]; dict_Country_Year[id]["CB-Population"] = +d["CB-Population"]; dict_Country_Year[id]["CB-Output per Hour Worked"] = +d["CB-Output per Hour Worked"]; dict_Country_Year[id]["CB-GDP EKS"] = +d["CB-GDP EKS"]; dict_Country_Year[id]["CB-Employment"] = +d["CB-Employment"]; }) _.each(dict_Country_Year, (item, key) => { data.push(item); }) return data }3b:[] 30:{"id":"0a322afb30fc1531","slug":"veamos-los-datos-horas-trabajadas-ingreso-y-productividad","title":"Veamos los datos: horas trabajadas, ingreso y productividad por país","thumbnail":"c065305dd79a7a2e1fdd63621d8ac8f5e5e48c2279f2e7e34fddb356e28a8c03","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2019-09-06T22:36:32.166Z","update_time":"$D2019-09-12T18:00:30.559Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2019-09-10T03:29:35.318Z","fork":false,"stars":1,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"0843f5dc42ca68a0","login":"elaval","name":"Ernesto Laval","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/089f0414fc9025dadb05cc06d7a406bc9be10093187c46729cb4ba3a4098dc30","tier":"starter_2024"},"version":911,"publish_version":911,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"e04cd7b5f4351ae9","login":"elaval","name":"Ernesto Laval","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/089f0414fc9025dadb05cc06d7a406bc9be10093187c46729cb4ba3a4098dc30","tier":null}],"members":[{"type":"individual","id":"e04cd7b5f4351ae9","login":"elaval","name":"Ernesto Laval","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/089f0414fc9025dadb05cc06d7a406bc9be10093187c46729cb4ba3a4098dc30","tier":null,"role":"editor"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":false,"trashed":false,"subscribed":null,"forks":1,"collection":null,"type":"notebook","body":{"title":"Veamos los datos: horas trabajadas, ingreso y productividad por país","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"md`# Veamos los datos: horas trabajadas, ingreso y productividad por país`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":637,"value":"md`Trabajo en desarrollo, se agradecen críticas constructivas por twitter a @elaval`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":620,"value":"md`## Promedio anual de horas trabajadas por empleado cuando paises tenían el mismo PIB per cápita que Chile en 2018`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":401,"value":"viewof hourAttribute = radio({\n title: 'Fuente de datos para horas trabajadas',\n description: 'Seleccione una opción',\n options: [\n {value:\"OECD-hoursWorked\", label:\"Horas trabajadas al año (OECD)\"}, \n {value:\"CB-Average Hours Worked\", label:\"Horas trabajadas al año (Conference Board)\"},\n ],\n value: 'OECD-hoursWorked'\n})\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":358,"value":"el = html``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":882,"value":"md`## Evolución de productividad en el tiempo\nLa productividad define como el total del producto (PIB) dividido por el total de horas trabajadas. Muchas fuentes de datos reportan producto (PIB), total de empleados y promedio de horas anuales por empleado.
\nLa productividad sería: PIB / (#Empleados * Promedio anula de horas por empleado)`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":543,"value":"viewof countrySelection_ = {\n const options = _.chain(data)\n .filter(d => d[productivityAttribute])\n .groupBy(d => d.location)\n .map((items,key) => ({value: key, label:codeDict[key] && codeDict[key].name}))\n .sortBy(d => d.label)\n .value()\n \n return select({\n description: \"Seleccione un país para visualizar la tendencia de productividad\",\n options: options,\n multiple: false\n})\n\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":484,"value":"el2 = html``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":881,"value":"$32","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":840,"value":"viewof countrySelection2_ = {\n const options = _.chain(similarCountries)\n .map(d => ({value: d.location, label:d.country}))\n .sortBy(d => d.label)\n .value()\n \n return select({\n description: \"Seleccione un país para visualizar el cambio en horas trabajadas de paises con similar PIB a Chile\",\n options: options,\n multiple: false\n})\n\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":810,"value":"el3 = html``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":267,"value":"md`## Datos para países cuando tuvieron un PIB similar al de Chile en 2018\nPIB per capita en US$ de 2018 (fuente Conference Board)`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":228,"value":"$33","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":281,"value":"md`# Método para identificar países con PIB similares a Chile\n1) . Para cada país, se compara el PID de cada año con el PIB de Chile en 2018 (US$ 25775), y se identifica el año para el cual el valor absoluto de la diferencia es menor.\n\n Por ejemplo:\n\n|País|Año|PIB|PIB (Chile 2018)|Diferencia|Año con PIB más cercano a Chile|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|AUS|1975|25314|25775|461||\n|AUS|1976|26143|25775|-368|*|\n|AUS|1977|26200|25775|-425||\n
\n2) Si la diferencia es menor a un ${d3.format(\".0%\")(maxDistancePct)} del PIB de Chile en 2018 (US$ ${d3.format(\",.0f\")(targetRecord[targetAttribute]*maxDistancePct)}) se considera en la lista de paises con un PIB \"similar\".\n\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":126,"value":"md`\n## Fuentes de datos\n* Banco Mundial https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD\n* OECD https://data.oecd.org/gdp/gross-domestic-product-gdp.htm, https://data.oecd.org/emp/hours-worked.htm\n* Conference Board\nThis file contains time series data on Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Population, Employment, Total Hours Worked, Per Capita Income and Labor Productivity (measured as GDP per Person Employed and GDP per Hour Worked). Data is available for 123 countries, plus a second version of Chinese data based on alternative data, covering the period 1950-2019.\n(https://www.conference-board.org/data/economydatabase)\n* Maddison Project Database, version 2018. Bolt, Jutta, Robert Inklaar, Herman de Jong and Jan Luiten van Zanden (2018), “Rebasing ‘Maddison’: new income comparisons and the shape of long-run economic development”, Maddison Project Working paper 10 (https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/historicaldevelopment/maddison/releases/maddison-project-database-2018)\n\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":592,"value":"html`\n

\nAutor: Ernesto Laval (@elaval) - TIDE SA
\nIngeniero Civil Industrial, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
\nPhD Universidad de Bristol, UK
\n\n

\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":598,"value":"html`