2d:null 2e:["$","title",null,{"children":"Regional Rainfall Indicators (CHIRPS-GEFS) - McKinsey Forward Learners | Fotis Zapantis | Observable"}] 33:T62b,async function shapefileZipToGeoJSON( zipBuffer, { encoding = "windows-1253" } = {} ) { // 1) Unzip in memory const files = fflate.unzipSync( zipBuffer instanceof Uint8Array ? zipBuffer : new Uint8Array(zipBuffer) ); const names = Object.keys(files); if (!names.length) throw new Error("ZIP is empty."); // 2) Find a matching .shp and .dbf (case-insensitive), preferring same basename const byExt = (ext) => names.filter((n) => n.toLowerCase().endsWith(ext)); const shpNames = byExt(".shp"); const dbfNames = byExt(".dbf"); if (!shpNames.length || !dbfNames.length) { throw new Error("ZIP must contain at least one .shp and one .dbf."); } // Try to match basenames (ignore directory and extension) const base = (p) => p .replace(/^.*[\\/]/, "") .replace(/\.[^.]+$/, "") .toLowerCase(); let shpName = shpNames[0], dbfName = dbfNames[0]; // Attempt best match: pick the .dbf sharing the .shp's basename const match = dbfNames.find((d) => base(d) === base(shpName)); if (match) dbfName = match; // 3) Turn Uint8Array files into ReadableStreams for shapefile.open const toStream = (u8) => new Response(u8).body; const shpStream = toStream(files[shpName]); const dbfStream = toStream(files[dbfName]); // 4) Open with explicit encoding and collect features const src = await shapefile.open(shpStream, dbfStream, { encoding }); const features = []; for (;;) { const { done, value } = await src.read(); if (done) break; features.push(value); } return { type: "FeatureCollection", features }; }34:[{"id":"f9fed7c69b6b21d15f82c0559ed59a4e40987e7c85a30978179e6a901f0a3c42cec980cee30ebe35dc941cbc70e60c3d6d2623b4481bf8d9cacf16ed88969e89","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/f9fed7c69b6b21d15f82c0559ed59a4e40987e7c85a30978179e6a901f0a3c42cec980cee30ebe35dc941cbc70e60c3d6d2623b4481bf8d9cacf16ed88969e89","name":"grc_adm_2025_ab_adm2.zip","type":"application/zip","lastModified":1760733450906.228,"size":394010},{"id":"39634ebfd2e0147cbc5865acfc5f001fc96fdbbb266c6993b08d7a70f68eea3141b041c72d720d3f5ded146f7648c8ae00a3c99f66b5b8cd0303812fdd682e9d","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/39634ebfd2e0147cbc5865acfc5f001fc96fdbbb266c6993b08d7a70f68eea3141b041c72d720d3f5ded146f7648c8ae00a3c99f66b5b8cd0303812fdd682e9d","name":"grc-rainfall-reg-5ytd@4.csv","type":"text/csv","lastModified":1760870169857.066,"size":1308237},{"id":"5386de550cd8dc8c92367681a4184e12643ee77c1738d707bab5888c937d23573aa3d1530d6e89e11f9446cd5b73f23d94cdc0671af4351491787a157c4dacc3","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/5386de550cd8dc8c92367681a4184e12643ee77c1738d707bab5888c937d23573aa3d1530d6e89e11f9446cd5b73f23d94cdc0671af4351491787a157c4dacc3","name":"We Are Global Changemakers.jpg","type":"image/jpeg","lastModified":1760961197937.49,"size":173880},{"id":"8522a8ce08de7366fa7a1f2042c36a7fedd10ec4d7ab7784d1b60f0852631982d9ac401ac7b0b85ff380cbb2ed855a9b347a8ec1dce7ada961345cb71b3ccac8","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/8522a8ce08de7366fa7a1f2042c36a7fedd10ec4d7ab7784d1b60f0852631982d9ac401ac7b0b85ff380cbb2ed855a9b347a8ec1dce7ada961345cb71b3ccac8","name":"1632343223558.png","type":"image/png","lastModified":1761133062029.469,"size":100916}] 31:{"id":"291d0f48ef86e432","slug":"regional-rainfall-indicators","title":"Regional Rainfall Indicators (CHIRPS-GEFS) - McKinsey Forward Learners","thumbnail":"1677a2d5d3ad1603578e161bc03b7b18c292a2b2490ed4d4f2383d298ee5d845","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2025-10-17T20:37:30.906Z","update_time":"$D2025-10-29T23:22:15.285Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2025-10-20T07:54:58.887Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":{"id":"2196df7aa461525e","slug":"gmab-counties","title":"Greek Maps and Administrative Boundaries (1) - Counties","owner":{"id":"1a8df8d954834dc2","login":"fotisz","name":"Fotis Zapantis"}},"stars":0,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"1a8df8d954834dc2","login":"fotisz","name":"Fotis Zapantis","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/901e545cdb3cac06c4e839534bbc428dfeaf42076ff667a94c51a36ffa05a710","tier":"starter_2024"},"version":1038,"publish_version":null,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"acd5a464e612f2ce","login":"fotisz","name":"Fotis Zapantis","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/15771ec342f0d7ed8668e8ab4d7b9e0ec698cf2903a9002e4ac0c9b5f5178a99","tier":null}],"members":[{"type":"individual","id":"acd5a464e612f2ce","login":"fotisz","name":"Fotis Zapantis","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/15771ec342f0d7ed8668e8ab4d7b9e0ec698cf2903a9002e4ac0c9b5f5178a99","tier":null,"role":"editor"},{"type":"team","id":"1a8df8d954834dc2","login":"fotisz","name":"Fotis Zapantis","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/901e545cdb3cac06c4e839534bbc428dfeaf42076ff667a94c51a36ffa05a710","tier":"starter_2024","role":"viewer"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":false,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":1,"collection":null,"type":"notebook","body":{"title":"Regional Rainfall Indicators (CHIRPS-GEFS) - McKinsey Forward Learners","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"# Regional Rainfall Indicators (CHIRPS-GEFS) - McKinsey Forward Learners","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1016,"value":"_For more information and up to date analysis please check: https://fotioszapantis.podia.com/nautilus-the-making-of_","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":738,"value":"This dataset contains dekadal rainfall indicators, computed from Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation satellite imagery with insitu Station data (CHIRPS) version 2 and **the CHIRPS-GEFS [_Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation, Global Ensemble Forecast System_]** short term rainfall forecasts from [Climate Hazards Centre, UC Santa Barbara](https://www.chc.ucsb.edu/data/chirps-gefs), aggregated by subnational administrative units (regions). ","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":809,"value":"untitled = FileAttachment(\"1632343223558.png\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":238,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":417,"value":"import { SummaryTable } from \"@observablehq/summary-table\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":430,"value":"viewof summary_data = SummaryTable(grcRainfallReg5ytd3, {\n label: \"Preciptiation (5YTD)\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":742,"value":"**Included indicators are (for each dekad):**\n\n - _10 day rainfall [mm]_ (rfh)\n - _rainfall 1-month rolling aggregation [mm]_ (r1h)\n - _rainfall 3-month rolling aggregation [mm]_ (r3h)\n - _rainfall long term average [mm]_ (rfh_avg)\n - _rainfall 1-month rolling aggregation long term average [mm]_ (r1h_avg)\n - _rainfall 3-month rolling aggregation long term average [mm]_ (r3h_avg)\n - _rainfall anomaly [%]_ (rfq)\n - _rainfall 1-month anomaly [%]_ (r1q)\n - _rainfall 3-month anomaly [%]_ (r3q)\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":745,"value":"The administrative units used for aggregation are based on **WFP (UN World Food Programme)** data and contain a Pcode reference attributed to each unit. The number of input pixels used to create the aggregates, is provided in the n_pixels column. Finally, the type column indicates if the value is based on a forecast, a preliminary or a final product.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":197,"value":"archive = FileAttachment(\"grc_adm_2025_ab_adm2.zip\").arrayBuffer()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":200,"value":"greeceRegions = shp(archive)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":225,"value":"countiesEPSG4326 = greeceRegions","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":15,"value":"Plot.plot({\n // Initialize the plot\n projection: { type: \"mercator\", domain: countiesEPSG4326GR }, // Set the projection\n width,\n marks: [\n Plot.geo(countiesEPSG4326GR, { fill: \"lightgray\", stroke: \"darkgray\" }), // Add the county boundaries\n Plot.geo(\n countiesEPSG4326GR,\n Plot.pointer(Plot.centroid({ fill: \"yellow\" }))\n ),\n Plot.dot(\n countiesEPSG4326GR.features,\n Plot.centroid({ fill: \"red\", stroke: \"white\" })\n ),\n Plot.tip(\n countiesEPSG4326GR.features,\n Plot.pointer(Plot.centroid({ title: (d) => d.properties.ADM2_EN }))\n )\n ]\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":275,"value":"countiesEPSG4326GR = shapefileZipToGeoJSON(archive)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":121,"value":"countiesTable = bertin.properties.table(countiesEPSG4326)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":179,"value":"viewof search = Inputs.search(countiesTable)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":171,"value":"Inputs.table(countiesTable)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":755,"value":"Forecasts are issued on the 6th, 16th, and 26th of each month for the upcoming 10-day period (dekad), then updated with improved versions on the 1st, 11th, and 21st. Preliminary observations replace the previous dekad’s forecast on the 3rd, 13th, and 23rd, and are later replaced by final observations—published mid-month (13th or 23rd)—covering all three dekads of the prior month. Please find a summary below:","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":445,"value":"Plot.plot({\n marginRight: 160,\n width,\n grid: true,\n color: { legend: true },\n marks: [\n Plot.frame(),\n //Plot.crosshair(grcRainfallReg5ytd, { x: \"rfh\", y: \"date\" }),\n Plot.dot(grcRainfallReg5ytd3, {\n x: \"rfh\",\n y: \"date\",\n type: \"log\",\n fy: \"adm2_name\",\n fill: \"adm2_pcode\",\n tip: true\n })\n ]\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":757,"value":"**Publication Day: Forecast type, Covers (Dekad)**\n\n - 1st: Updated forecast, 1–10 of the same month\n - 6th: Initial forecast, 11–20 of the same month\n - 11th: Updated forecast, 1–10 of the same month\n - 16th: Initial forecast, 21–end of the same month\n - 21st: Updated forecast, 11–20 of the same month\n - 26th: Initial forecast, 1–10 of the following month\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":22,"value":"// countiesEPSG4326 = fetch(\"https://geodata.gov.gr/geoserver/wfs/?service=WFS&version=1.0.0&request=GetFeature&typeName=geodata.gov.gr:d7f50467-e5ef-49ac-a7ce-15df3e2ed738&outputFormat=application/json&srsName=epsg:4326\").then((response) => response.json())","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":538,"value":"grcRainfallReg5ytd = FileAttachment(\"grc-rainfall-reg-5ytd@4.csv\").csv()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":337,"value":"grcRainfallReg5ytd3 = await FileAttachment(\"grc-rainfall-reg-5ytd@4.csv\").csv({typed: \"auto\"})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"grcRainfallReg5ytd3","database":"$undefined"},{"id":448,"value":"rfh = aq // To use copied code replace \"data\" with your own variable\n .from(grcRainfallReg5ytd3)\n .select(\n \"date\",\n \"adm2_pcode\",\n \"adm2_name\",\n \"n_pixels\",\n \"rfh\",\n \"rfh_avg\",\n \"r1h\",\n \"r1h_avg\",\n \"r3h\",\n \"r3h_avg\",\n \"rfq\",\n \"r1q\",\n \"r3q\",\n \"version\"\n )\n .groupby(\"version\", \"adm2_pcode\", \"adm2_name\")\n .rollup({ mean: (d) => op.mean(d[\"rfh\"]) })\n .objects() // Uncomment to return an array of objects","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":651,"value":"rfhMAP = aq // To use copied code replace \"data\" with your own variable\n .from(rfh)\n .select(\"adm2_pcode\", \"version\", \"mean\")\n .filter((d) => op.match(d[\"version\"], \"final\"))\n .objects() // Uncomment to return an array of objects","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":680,"value":"matchedData = rfhMAP.map((data) => {\n const county = countiesTable.find((c) => c.ADM2_PCODE === data.adm2_pcode);\n return { ...data, ...county };\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":685,"value":"rfhMatch = new Map(\n matchedData.map(({ adm2_pcode, mean }) => [adm2_pcode, mean])\n)\n//broadband_access_2018 = new Map(us_broadband_2018.map(({id, broadband}) => [id, broadband]))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":622,"value":"uniquePCode = d3.groups(rfh, (d) => d.adm2_pcode)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":759,"value":"## 10 day rainfall [mm] (rfh) - Exposure Map Output","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":624,"value":"html`\n \n \n \n ${Array.from(\n uniquePCode,\n ([key, values]) => html`\n \n \n \n `\n )}\n

Admin (Pcode)	Final, Prelim, Forecast
${key}	${values.map((d) => d.mean).join(\", \")}

`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":637,"value":"Plot.plot({\n // Initialize the plot\n projection: { type: \"mercator\", domain: countiesEPSG4326GR }, // Set the projection\n width,\n color: {\n scheme: \"Blues\",\n unknown: \"#ddd\",\n label: \"Precipitation (10 day rainfall [mm] (rfh))\",\n reverse: false,\n legend: true\n },\n\n marks: [\n Plot.geo(\n countiesEPSG4326.features,\n Plot.centroid({\n fill: (d) => rfhMatch.get(d.properties.ADM2_PCODE),\n stroke: \"black\"\n })\n ),\n Plot.dot(\n countiesEPSG4326GR.features,\n Plot.centroid({ fill: \"red\", stroke: \"white\" })\n ),\n Plot.tip(\n countiesEPSG4326GR.features,\n Plot.pointer(Plot.centroid({ title: (d) => d.properties.ADM2_EN }))\n )\n ]\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":267,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":195,"value":"shp = require(\"https://unpkg.com/shpjs@latest/dist/shp.js\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":206,"value":"view = require(\"geoverview@1.2\").then((f) => f.view)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":247,"value":"shapefile = require(\"shapefile\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":249,"value":"fflate = import(\"https://cdn.skypack.dev/fflate?min\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":244,"value":"$33","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":269,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1009,"value":"## Exploratory Data Analysis","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":394,"value":"Wrangler(rfh)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":455,"value":"viewof pickVersion = Inputs.checkbox(\n grcRainfallReg5ytd3.map((d) => d.version).sort(),\n {\n label: \"Select Precipitation Indicator:\",\n unique: true,\n value: [\"final\", \"prelim\", \"forecast\"]\n }\n)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":464,"value":"viewof selectAdministration = Inputs.select(\n grcRainfallReg5ytd3.map((d) => d.adm2_name),\n { label: \"Select Administration:\", unique: true }\n)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":957,"value":"filteredData = grcRainfallReg5ytd.filter((d) => {\n if (pickVersion === d.version) {\n return true;\n }\n if (selectAdministration === d.adm2_name) {\n return true;\n }\n return false;\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":848,"value":"Plot.plot({\n x: {\n label: \"10 day rainfall/ Precipitation [mm] (rfh)\",\n domain: [0, 160000000],\n interval: 5000000,\n tickFormat: (x) => x.toFixed(1),\n align: 0\n },\n y: {\n label: \"Date\"\n /*domain: [formatDateUTC(d.date)]*/\n },\n width,\n marginLeft: 10,\n marginRight: 0,\n grid: true,\n color: { legend: true },\n marks: [\n Plot.frame(),\n Plot.boxX(filteredData, {\n /*filter: (d) => selectAdministration.includes(d.adm2_code),*/\n x: \"rfh\",\n y: \"date\",\n fx: \"pcode\",\n fill: \"adm2_name\"\n })\n ]\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":167,"value":"bertin = require(\"bertin@latest\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":405,"value":"function formatDateUTC(date) {\n let day = date.getUTCDate();\n let month = date.getUTCMonth();\n let year = date.getUTCFullYear();\n return `${year}-${month + 1}-${day}`;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":384,"value":"import { Wrangler, op } from \"@observablehq/data-wrangler\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":766,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":747,"value":"![We Are Global Changemakers.jpg](${await FileAttachment(\"We Are Global Changemakers.jpg\").url()})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W34","stdlib":"1","titling":"auto"}} 32:"$31:body"