Source note: these lines use World Bank WDI population (SP.POP.TOTL) for India and China, 1990–2024. The 2021 crossover is where the annual estimates switch order in this series, not an exact census date. India data: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/IND/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?date=1990:2024&format=json&per_page=100 — China data: https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/CHN/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?date=1990:2024&format=json&per_page=100. Explore country charts and sources at https://globaldatatracker.com/.