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m/s","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1480,"value":"function kmhToMs (valueInKmh) {\n return valueInKmh * kmh\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1801,"value":"kmhToMs(100)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1482,"value":"function msToKmh (ms) {\n return ms / kmh\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1806,"value":"msToKmh(15)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":427,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":70,"value":"# Velocity and acceleration","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":407,"value":"Also try: [Free fall calculator](https://www.omnicalculator.com/physics/free-fall#:~:text=Calculate%20the%20final%20free%20fall,9.80665%20*%208%C2%B2%20%3D%20313.8%20m%20.)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":829,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":850,"value":"Velocity in ${tex`m \\over s`}:","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":261,"value":"V = {s \\over t}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":73,"value":"solve(`V = s / t`, 's', {\n V: 100, // m/s\n t: 4 // s\n}) // m","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":841,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":844,"value":"Acceleration in ${tex`m \\over s^2`}:","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":269,"value":"a = {v \\over t}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":847,"value":"solve(`a = v / t`, 'v', {\n a: 100, // m/s²\n t: 4 // s\n}) // m","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":884,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":392,"value":"Average acceleration in ${tex`m \\over s^2`}:","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":395,"value":"v_{avg} = {v_0 + {1 \\over 2} at }","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":78,"value":"solve(`v_avg = v_0 + 0.5 a t`, 'v_0', {\n v_avg: 20,\n a: 4,\n t: 4\n})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":917,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":919,"value":"Weight in ${tex`N`}, ${tex`{m \\cdot kg} \\over s^2`}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":376,"value":"w = {m \\cdot g}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":81,"value":"solve(`w = m g`, 'm', {\n w: 100, // kg\n g: 9.81 // m/s²\n}) // n","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":455,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":55,"value":"# Force and torque","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":996,"value":"When radial force is applied at an angle, it's called [torque or moment of force](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torque). If the angle is 90 degrees, torque is at maximum. If the angle is less steep, the force acting on the object is split across the *parallel* and *perpendicular* axes.\n\nThe torque mechanic can be applied to many situations, from turning a wrench to calculating the effect of gravity at an angle.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1189,"value":"viewof _torqueR = Inputs.range([1, 100], {label: \"Radius r (m)\", step: 1, value: 100})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":970,"value":"viewof _torqueAngle = Inputs.range([-90, 270], {\n label: \"Angle Θ (deg)\",\n value: 45,\n step: 1\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1038,"value":"$2e","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1144,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1131,"value":"The multiplier ${tex`sin(\\alpha)`} can be user to calculate the *parallel* force: ${tex`\\tau \\cdot r \\cdot sin(\\alpha)`}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1151,"value":"viewof _torqueF = Inputs.range([1, 1000], {label: \"Total force F (N)\", step: 1, value: 50})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1006,"value":"sinDeg(_torqueAngle) // Parallel multiplier","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1024,"value":"_torqueF * _torqueR * sinDeg(_torqueAngle) // Parallel force, N","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1177,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1031,"value":"Same for *perpendicular* force: ${tex`\\tau \\cdot r \\cdot sin(90 - \\alpha)`}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":991,"value":"sinDeg(90 - _torqueAngle) // Perpendicular multiplier","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1021,"value":"_torqueF * _torqueR * sinDeg(90 - _torqueAngle) // Perpendicular force (at 90 deg), N","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":446,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":58,"value":"# Pressure","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1306,"value":"The unit of pressure in SI is [pascal, ${tex`Pa`}](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal_unit): ${tex`1 Pa = 1 {N \\over m} = 1 { kg \\over m \\cdot s^2 }`}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1314,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1277,"value":"Pressure refers to **force per area**.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1296,"value":"P = {F \\over A}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1321,"value":"solve(`P = F / A`, 'F', {\n P: 100, // Pa\n A: 2 // m²\n}) // N, kg⋅m/s²","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":442,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":110,"value":"# Energy","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":135,"value":"Gravitational potential ${tex`U`} in Joules (${tex`J`}):","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1352,"value":"U = m g h","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1377,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1379,"value":"Kinetic energy in Joules (${tex`J`}):","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1383,"value":"E_k = { 1 \\over 2 } m v^2","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1360,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1367,"value":"Mechanical energy refers to the sum of *gravitational potential* and *kinetic* energy. When gravitation is the only force impacting on an object, their sum remains constant.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1395,"value":"U_1 + E_{k1} = U_2 + E_{k2}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":451,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":151,"value":"# Springs","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1409,"value":"Each spring has a *spring constant* ${tex`k`} (${tex`N \\over m`}) that can be used to calculate its *force* ${tex`F`} (${tex`N`}). This force depends on the distance ${tex`x`} (${tex`m`}) that the spring has been pulled or pushed.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1411,"value":"F = -k x","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"tex","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1427,"value":"solve(`F = -k x`, 'k', {\n F: 50, // N\n x: 0.5 // m\n}) // N/m","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":621,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":625,"value":"# Dependencies","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":651,"value":"import {\n convert,\n expr,\n math,\n ten,\n two,\n round,\n roundTo,\n roundUp,\n roundUpTo,\n min,\n max,\n solve,\n equation,\n mega,\n kilo,\n tera,\n giga,\n micro,\n milli,\n centi,\n pico,\n femto,\n nano,\n desi,\n hecto,\n pi,\n dot,\n pow,\n root,\n sinDeg,\n cosDeg,\n toRad,\n toDeg\n} from \"@jerryjappinen/math\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W2f","stdlib":"1","titling":"auto"}} 2d:"$2c:body"