34:["$","title",null,{"children":"Демография мира (1960–2015) | killer_YouTuber | Observable"}] 3c:[{"id":"c590b904bbc80a8d07a0a575ca4adac70de2f1cdaf04ff44bf782e9484e76f471b0b1a4d733eaccae07416de58e308f939f238b3f0f70c0eb7bb0aac02041f3c","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/c590b904bbc80a8d07a0a575ca4adac70de2f1cdaf04ff44bf782e9484e76f471b0b1a4d733eaccae07416de58e308f939f238b3f0f70c0eb7bb0aac02041f3c","name":"demografia.xlsx","type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet","lastModified":1790954601040,"size":114706}] 38:{"id":"038b76e78f010c42","slug":"analiz-demografii-dinamika-naseleniya-stran-mira","title":"Демография мира (1960–2015)","thumbnail":"7488385931d1eadffee40777ac231d877570e64ff7903f4d3c1d7aae1f01fce1","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2026-10-02T15:27:58.961Z","update_time":"$D2026-10-15T17:13:33.575Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2026-10-02T17:01:42.313Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":{"id":"ba1d6ce1b3be983c","slug":"n-observable","title":"Работа с данными на платформе Observable (язык JavaScript + библиотека D3)","owner":{"id":"6d2574fdcec31556","login":"39bbe44713bf1f81","name":"Olga Polovikova"}},"stars":1,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"05ae29cc4ff66780","login":"killer-youtuber","name":"killer_YouTuber","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/ee8c99b99345214da8630c170f9fa42e93397f34620176c9d25c4de4238e2756","tier":"free_2026","bio":"","followed_by_you":false,"follows_you":false},"version":1500,"publish_version":1500,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"33f100644764b94c","login":"killer-youtuber","name":"killer_YouTuber","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/ee8c99b99345214da8630c170f9fa42e93397f34620176c9d25c4de4238e2756","tier":null,"bio":"","followed_by_you":false,"follows_you":false}],"members":[{"type":"team","id":"05ae29cc4ff66780","login":"killer-youtuber","name":"killer_YouTuber","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/ee8c99b99345214da8630c170f9fa42e93397f34620176c9d25c4de4238e2756","tier":"free_2026","role":"editor"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":true,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":1,"collection":null,"type":"notebook","body":{"titling":"auto","title":"Демография мира (1960–2015)","cells":[{"id":816,"value":"# Демография мира (1960–2015)\n## Анализ данных о населении стран на платформе Observable (JavaScript + D3 + Observable Plot)\n\nВ работе используется таблица **demografia.xlsx** — население стран и территорий мира\nпо годам с 1960 по 2015. Цель: загрузить данные, просмотреть и отфильтровать их,\nдобавить вычисляемые поля и построить диаграммы: динамику населения, рейтинг стран\nи распределение темпов роста.","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":818,"value":"{\n var number = 7346633000; // население Земли в 2015\n var value = 2.42; // рост в разах 1960→2015\n var active = true; // есть ли данные за 2015\n var text = \"World population\";\n return {number, value, active, text};\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":821,"value":"### Массивы и массивы объектов","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":822,"value":"{\n var years = [1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2015];\n var world = [\n {year: 1960, pop: 3035056000},\n {year: 2015, pop: 7346633000}\n ];\n var s = \"\";\n for (var i = 0; i < world.length; i++) {\n s += \" \" + world[i].year + \":\" + world[i].pop;\n }\n return s;\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":824,"value":"{\n var worldJS = [\n {\"year\": 1960, \"pop\": 3035056000},\n {\"year\": 2015, \"pop\": 7346633000}\n ];\n return worldJS[1];\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":826,"value":"demo = FileAttachment(\"demografia.xlsx\").xlsx()","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":827,"value":"data = demo.sheet(0, {headers: true})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":863,"value":"## Просмотр данных","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":828,"value":"viewof tableData = Inputs.table(data)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":829,"value":"### Посмотрим названия столбцов","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":830,"value":"data.columns","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":831,"value":"data.slice(0, 5)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":864,"value":"## Фильтрация: страны с населением более 100 млн в 2015 г.\n\nОтбросим агрегаты (\"World\", \"Зона евро\") — у них нет кода страны в списке реальных стран, поэтому фильтруем по значению населения и наличию названия.","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":865,"value":"big = data\n .filter(d => +d[\"2015\"] > 100e6 && d[\"CountryNameRu\"] !== \"World\" && d[\"CountryNameRu\"] !== \"Зона евро\")\n .sort((a, b) => +b[\"2015\"] - +a[\"2015\"])","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":834,"value":"countries = data.filter(\n (d) => d[\"CountryNameRu\"] !== \"World\"\n && d[\"CountryNameRu\"] !== \"Зона евро\"\n && d[\"1960\"] != null\n && d[\"2015\"] != null\n)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":866,"value":"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":867,"value":"big.map(d => `${d[\"CountryNameRu\"]}: ${(d[\"2015\"]/1e6).toFixed(1)} млн`)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":868,"value":"Plot.plot({\n width: 1000,\n marginLeft: 120,\n x: {label: \"Население, млн чел.\"},\n y: {label: null},\n marks: [\n Plot.barX(big, {\n y: \"CountryNameRu\",\n x: d => +d[\"2015\"] / 1e6,\n fill: \"#4a72b4\",\n sort: {y: \"x\", reverse: true}\n }),\n Plot.text(big, {\n y: \"CountryNameRu\",\n x: d => +d[\"2015\"] / 1e6,\n text: d => (d[\"2015\"] / 1e6).toFixed(0),\n dx: 12,\n textAnchor: \"start\"\n }),\n Plot.ruleX([0])\n ]\n})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":836,"value":"countriesGrowth = countries.map((d) => ({\n ...d,\n \"Рост 1960–2015, раз\": d[\"2015\"] / d[\"1960\"],\n \"Прирост 1960–2015, %\": (d[\"2015\"] / d[\"1960\"] - 1) * 100\n}))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":837,"value":"SELECT \"CountryNameRu\", \"2015\", \"1960\",\n \"2015\" / \"1960\" AS \"Рост, раз\"\nFROM countries\nORDER BY \"2015\" DESC\nLIMIT 10","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"sql","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"var:countries"},{"id":839,"value":"viewof tableGrowth = Inputs.table(countriesGrowth, {rows: 12})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":869,"value":"## Динамика во времени","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":870,"value":"years = Array.from({length: 56}, (_, i) => String(1960 + i)) // \"1960\"...\"2015\"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":871,"value":"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":872,"value":"viewof country = Inputs.select(\n data.map(d => d[\"CountryNameRu\"]),\n {label: \"CountryNameRu\", unique: true}\n)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":873,"value":"Plot.plot({\n width: 900,\n height: 400,\n grid: true,\n x: {label: \"Год\", domain: [1960, 2015]},\n y: {label: \"Население, млн чел.\"},\n marks: [\n Plot.line(\n long.filter(d => d.country === country),\n {x: \"year\", y: d => d.pop / 1e6, stroke: \"#4a72b4\", strokeWidth: 2}\n ),\n Plot.ruleY([0])\n ]\n})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":874,"value":"## Сравнение роста населения за 1960–2015 (фактор роста)\n\nДобавим вычисляемое поле: во сколько раз выросло население.","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":875,"value":"growth = data\n .map(d => ({\n country: d[\"CountryNameRu\"],\n pop1960: +d[\"1960\"],\n pop2015: +d[\"2015\"],\n factor: +d[\"2015\"] / +d[\"1960\"]\n }))\n .filter(d => d.pop1960 > 1e6 && isFinite(d.factor)) // только страны >1 млн\n .sort((a, b) => b.factor - a.factor)\n .slice(0, 10)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":876,"value":"Plot.plot({\n width: 900,\n marginLeft: 220,\n marks: [\n Plot.barX(growth, {\n y: \"country\",\n x: \"factor\",\n fill: \"#e5ae38\",\n sort: {y: \"x\", reverse: true}\n }),\n Plot.text(growth, {\n y: \"country\",\n x: \"factor\",\n text: d => d.factor.toFixed(1) + \"×\",\n dx: 10,\n textAnchor: \"start\"\n }),\n Plot.ruleX([1], {stroke: \"#aaaaaa\"}),\n Plot.ruleX([0])\n ]\n})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":840,"value":"## Диаграммы (Observable Plot)\n\n## Динамика населения топ - 10 стран мира","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":848,"value":"Plot.plot({\n marks: [\n Plot.barY(countries, {x: \"CountryNameRu\", y: \"2015\"}),\n Plot.ruleY([0])\n ]\n})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":849,"value":"Сравнение стран мира по населению. Изменение топ-10 стран мира на 1960 и 2015, а так же оценка топ-10 стран у которых случился наибольший спад населения за данных промежуток времени (1960-2015).","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":862,"value":"Plot.plot({\n width: 900,\n marginLeft: 200,\n x: {label: \"Население, чел.\"},\n marks: [\n Plot.barX(countries, {\n y: \"CountryNameRu\", x: \"1960\",\n fill: \"#7a9e7e\",\n sort: {y: \"x\", reverse: true, limit: 10}\n }),\n Plot.ruleX([0, 2e8, 4e8, 6e8, 8e8, 1e9, 1.2e9, 1.4e9], {stroke: \"#aaa\"})\n ]\n})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":850,"value":"Plot.plot({\n width: 900,\n marginLeft: 200,\n x: {label: \"Население, чел.\"},\n marks: [\n Plot.barX(countries, {\n y: \"CountryNameRu\", x: \"2015\",\n fill: \"#7a9e7e\",\n sort: {y: \"x\", reverse: true, limit: 10}\n }),\n Plot.ruleX([0, 2e8, 4e8, 6e8, 8e8, 1e9, 1.2e9, 1.4e9], {stroke: \"#aaa\"})\n ]\n})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":855,"value":"Plot.plot({\n marks: [\n Plot.rectY(countriesGrowth,\n Plot.binX({y: \"count\"}, {x: \"Рост 1960–2015, раз\", fill: \"#9db8a0\"})),\n Plot.ruleX([1], {stroke: \"#333\", strokeDasharray: \"4 4\"}),\n Plot.ruleY([0])\n ],\n x: {label: \"Рост 1960–2015, раз\"},\n y: {label: \"Число стран\"}\n})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":859,"value":"

217

стран и территорий в таблице

×2,42

рост населения Земли за 1960–2015

××99

Объединенные Арабские Эмираты — лидер роста(1960-2015)

×0,91

Болгария — главный спад

","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"html","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":860,"value":"## Выводы\n1. **Мир:** население Земли выросло с 3,03 млрд (1960) до 7,35 млрд (2015).\n2. **Лидеры объёма:** Китай и Индия — Индия растёт быстрее и догоняет Китай.\n3. **Рекордсмены роста:** страны Персидского залива — ОАЭ , Катар , Кувейт: эффект малой базы 1960 г. и нефтяного бума.\n","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W3c","stdlib":"1"}} 33:null