2f:null 30:["$","title",null,{"children":"Extreme and Abnormal Weather Data Analysis across US in 2017 | Xumin Zhu | Observable"}] 35:T461,md `

## My Study Focus & Dataset Wrangler

My analysis starts with an exploration of the dataset containing daily U.S. weather measurements in 2017, provided by the NOAA Daily Global Historical Climatology Network. The special keys of AWND, SNOW and SNWD are most applealling to me in my discovery - an attractive fact of which lies in that some stations report super extreme weather in winter, while some others report abnormal weather(snow) in warm seasons. Thus, this analysis is aimed at digging insights of the extreme weather in winter 2017 and the abnormal weather in the rest of the year. I start with my data wrangler by deleting all "null" value from plots of individual variables to assess distributions and data quality. As I progress, I build up 2 sub-datasets - one that contains the weather data from Jan. to Mar to analyze extreme weather; another that contains the snowfall value from Apr. to Sept. to analyze abnormal climate. Later in this assignment report, I deliver a series of multi-dimensional views of graphs for answering extreme/abnormal weather analysis questions.
` 36:T446,{ const map = vl.markGeoshape({fill: '#ddd', stroke: '#fff', strokeWidth: 1}) .data(vl.topojson(usa).feature('states')); const extremewinter = vl.markCircle() .data(extreme) .transform( vl.groupby('station').aggregate(vl.count().as('records')), vl.lookup('station').from( vl.data(extreme).key('station').fields('state', 'latitude', 'longitude')) /* , vl.filter('datum.state !== "PR" && datum.state !== "VI"')*/ ) .encode( vl.latitude().fieldQ('latitude'), vl.longitude().fieldQ('longitude'), vl.tooltip([vl.fieldN('station'),vl.fieldN('state'), vl.fieldQ('records')]), vl.size().fieldQ('records').scale({range: [100, 500]}).legend('Records of each weather station'), vl.color().fieldO('records').bin({maxbins: 10}).legend('Records of each weather station'), vl.order().fieldQ('records').sort('descending') // place smaller circles on top ); return vl.layer(map, extremewinter) .project(vl.projection('albersUsa')) .width(870).height(500) .config({view: {stroke: null}}) .render(); }37:T444,{ const map = vl.markGeoshape({fill: '#ddd', stroke: '#fff', strokeWidth: 1}) .data(vl.topojson(usa).feature('states')); const abnormalwinter = vl.markCircle({opacity:0.5}) .data(abnormal) .transform( /*vl.groupby('station').aggregate(vl.count().as('records')),*/ vl.lookup('station').from( vl.data(abnormal).key('station').fields('state', 'latitude', 'longitude')) /* , vl.filter('datum.state !== "PR" && datum.state !== "VI"')*/ ) .encode( vl.latitude().fieldQ('latitude'), vl.longitude().fieldQ('longitude'), vl.tooltip(['station','state','date', 'SNOW']), vl.size().fieldQ('SNOW').scale({range: [0, 500]}).legend('Abnormal Snowfall'), vl.color().fieldN('month')/*.bin({maxbins: 10})*/.legend('Abnormal Snowfall'), vl.order().fieldQ('SNOW').sort('descending') // place smaller circles on top ); return vl.layer(map, abnormalwinter).width(870).height(500) .project(vl.projection('albersUsa')) /*.facet({column: vl.fieldN('month')})*/ .config({view: {stroke: null}}) .render(); }38:[] 33:{"id":"6c9c56860210ba5f","slug":"visualization-and-analysis-of-snowy-and-windy-weather-in-wi","title":"Extreme and Abnormal Weather Data Analysis across US in 2017","thumbnail":"9997d323d14689ef6502b91e1b403e3f9b67e3c46433488045b774cbea48fcf6","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2019-04-21T18:51:12.989Z","update_time":"$D2019-05-02T21:58:05.803Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2019-04-22T11:48:54.795Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":false,"stars":2,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"7c9d5fe13c8b86f0","login":"miaxmzhu","name":"Xumin Zhu","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/39860168d529a9e61725c082710a869217e9a0286913d71cbcb39a1bda1ec332","tier":"starter_2024"},"version":1746,"publish_version":1746,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"f8a5c8cdcbd42edf","login":"miaxmzhu","name":"Xumin Zhu","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/39860168d529a9e61725c082710a869217e9a0286913d71cbcb39a1bda1ec332","tier":null}],"members":[{"type":"individual","id":"f8a5c8cdcbd42edf","login":"miaxmzhu","name":"Xumin Zhu","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/39860168d529a9e61725c082710a869217e9a0286913d71cbcb39a1bda1ec332","tier":null,"role":"editor"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":false,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":0,"collection":null,"type":"notebook","body":{"title":"Extreme and Abnormal Weather Data Analysis across US in 2017","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"\nmd`# Extreme and Abnormal Weather Data Analysis across US in 2017\nXumin Zhu 1867010 CSE512 Assignment 2`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":90,"value":"md`\n
\n#Initial Analysis Questions
\n\n**Overarching Question:
\nWhat US locations had most severe weather in the winter of 2017
\nWhat other abnormal weather happened across US in the rest of year 2017?**
\n\nHow did their geo locations affect these severe weather?
\nWhen was the most cold or windy or snowy across US in winter 2017?
\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":15,"value":"d3 = require(\"d3@5\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":4,"value":"import {vl} from '@vega/vega-lite-api'","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":27,"value":"VegaLite = require('@observablehq/vega-lite')","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":17,"value":"extreme = d3.csv(\"https://gist.githubusercontent.com/mia-zhu/6f694e7507d4d61a132c275be2355dd0/raw/8d145096b8f94e7ae235ad6645a5e03ef4c46b62/extreme.csv\")\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":396,"value":"printTable(extreme.slice(0, 3))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":392,"value":"abnormal = d3.csv(\"https://gist.githubusercontent.com/mia-zhu/c2ce102d848efea063152e7c0d26ff70/raw/582bb9b18f635c26ecccc410e99587477743ab0a/abnormal_other\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":398,"value":"printTable(abnormal.slice(0, 3))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":103,"value":"us = d3.json(\"https://unpkg.com/us-atlas@1/us/10m.json\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":230,"value":"topojson = require(\"topojson-client@3\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":67,"value":"import {fromColumns, printTable} from '@uwdata/data-utilities'","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":246,"value":"$35","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":604,"value":"datasets = require('vega-datasets@1.25')","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":602,"value":"usa = datasets['us-10m.json']()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":574,"value":"md `\n
\n
\n## US Geolocations of Extreme Weather in Winter 2017
\n\nFetching the data from the \"extreme\" dataset that contains the weather data from Jan. to Mar., I visualize the following geo-based amount of data records in each station in winter to get an overview of the data. \n
\nWe can see from the map that most records in winter are from the north-side cities, especially the north-eastern locations. The AK area is also full of data records.\n\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":600,"value":"$36","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":920,"value":"md `\n
\n
\n## A general overview of extremely windy, cold and snowy states in winter 2017
\n
\nThe following scatter plot visualizes the average temperature and average wind speed of each state in winter 2017. From the graph below, we can see the most windy and cold states are AK, ND and some area in MN & ND.\n\nMost extreme weather appeared in January and February in AK. In February, there were serveral days in AK with the trible extreme weather - strong wind, big snow and freezing temperatures. \n\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":886,"value":"vl.markCircle({opacity: 0.5})\n .data(extreme)\n /*.transform( \n vl.groupby('state')\n .aggregate(vl.average('TAVG').as('monthly_tavg'))\n .aggregate(vl.average('AWND').as('monthly_awnd'))\n .aggregate(vl.sum('SNOW').as('snowfall'))\n )*/\n .encode(\n vl.x().fieldQ('TAVG').bin({maxbins:50}).title('Average of Temperature(F)'),\n vl.y().fieldQ('AWND').bin({maxbins:50}).title('Average of Wind Speed'),\n vl.color().fieldN('state')\n .legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),\n vl.size().count().fieldQ('SNOW').scale({range: [0, 300]}),\n vl.tooltip('state'),\n vl.column().month('month').title('Monthly Weather Overview in Each State'),\n )\n .width(270) \n .height(200)\n .render()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":991,"value":"md `\n
\n
\n## A monthly analysis of each kind of extreme weather in US states in winter 2017
\n
\nTaking a closer look at the monthly occurrance of each type of severe weather in each area, I draw the following sorted bar chart to get more innsights.\n\nFirstly ND was the most cold state in Jan. and Mar. AK was continually super cold in winter.\nSome other sudden changes of winter tempetures in some states were also worth attention.\nThe temperature in TX and MA fluctuated a lot in the whole winter and NM only had a short cold temperature in Jan.(it winter is quite short).\n\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1066,"value":"vl.markBar().width(290).height(400)\n .data(extreme)\n .encode(\n vl.y().fieldN('state').sort(vl.average('TAVG').order('ascending')),\n vl.x().average('TMIN'),\n vl.x2().average('TAVG'),\n vl.color().fieldN('month').legend(null),\n vl.opacity().value(0.8),\n vl.column().month('month').title('Monthly Minimum and Average Tempeture in Each State')\n\n )\n.render()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1012,"value":"md `\n
\n
\nSecondly,the most snowy weather appeared in AK and NY. Some other snowy states include MI, MT and PA.\nAK snowed quite a lot in Jan. and Febr. while NY snowed most later in Mar.. When we combine the previous graph of tmin and the following snowfall visualization together, we can see the weather of NY in March was quite extreme that it had a moderately cold and heavily snowy weather.\n\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":743,"value":"vl.markBar().width(290).height(400)\n .data(extreme)\n .encode(\n vl.y().fieldN('state').sort(vl.average('SNOW').order('descending'))\n .title('states'),\n vl.x().average('SNOW').title('Monthly Snowfall'),\n vl.color().fieldN('month').legend(null),\n vl.opacity().value(0.8),\n vl.column().month('month').title('Monthly Total Snowfall in Each State')\n )\n .render()\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":480,"value":"vl.markCircle().width(290).height(220)\n .data(extreme)\n .encode(\n vl.x().fieldQ('longitude').bin({maxbins: 100}),\n vl.y().fieldQ('latitude').bin({maxbins: 100}),\n vl.size().count().fieldQ('SNOW').scale({range: [0, 500]}).title('Number of snowy days')\n .legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),\n vl.tooltip().fieldQ('SNOW', 'Longitude', 'Latitude'),\n vl.color().fieldN('month').title('month').legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),\n vl.opacity().value(0.2),\n vl.order().fieldQ('SNOW').sort('descending'),\n vl.column().month('month').title('Geolocations of snowy days in each monnth')\n )\n .render()\n\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1019,"value":"md `\n
\n
\nFinally, the most windy areas lied in DE,IA,NJ and MA. Considerating the previous findings, I checked how windy the state of NY and AK was. It turns out that NY was more windy in Febr. and Mar. than Jan, while AK didn't suffer from windy weather so much that it kept a stable and medium level of windy weather among all states.\n\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1015,"value":"vl.markBar().width(300).height(400)\n .data(extreme)\n .encode(\n vl.y().fieldN('state').sort(vl.average('AWND').order('descending')),\n vl.x().average('AWND'),\n vl.color().fieldN('month').legend(null),\n vl.opacity().value(0.8),\n vl.column().month('month').title('Monthly average wind speed in each state')\n)\n .render();\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1205,"value":"AK_NY = d3.csv(\"https://gist.githubusercontent.com/mia-zhu/dc604019a6aa664dff71b61c491f7934/raw/906b1b9e1b1957f501207cd3b03b04d3cf6cde99/AK_NY\")\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1220,"value":"printTable(AK_NY.slice(0, 3))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1023,"value":"md `\n
\n
\n## A closer analysis of extreme weather in AK and NY in winter 2017
\n
\nOn basis of the previous analysis, I take a further step to analyze the severe weather in AK and NY in winter 2017. Considering the findings above, these two states have the most cold and snowy weather among all US states in the winter of 2017. Additonally on a general analysis of the following weather dashboard, I decide to focus on discovering 3 main types of the most severe weather:
\n
\n**1.the days with heavy snow & snow depth that was difficult for transportation
\n2.the days with both super freezing temperatures & heavy snow
\n3.the days with both freezing temperatures & heavy wind
**\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":292,"value":"vl.markCircle({size: 15, opacity: 0.5})\n .encode(\n vl.x().fieldQ(vl.repeat('column')),\n vl.y().fieldQ(vl.repeat('row')),\n )\n .width(150)\n .height(150)\n .repeat({\n row: ['TAVG', 'AWND', 'SNOW', 'SNWD'],\n column: ['SNWD', 'SNOW', 'AWND', 'TAVG']\n })\n .data(extreme)\n .transform(vl.filter('datum.state == \"AK\"'))\n .render()\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1323,"value":"md `\n
\n
\n## 1)The days with heavy snow & snow depth in AK & NY
\n
\nVisualizing the snowy days in these two states and encoding the dot size as the depth of snow, we can see that gennerally AK had much more serious snowy weather than NY.
\nIn AK, the peak of the severe snowy weather had two periods of time. One started from around Jan.10th to Jan.30th, while the other started from Febr.9th to Febr.29th. Jan.21st and Jan.27th in AK were two most snowy days with over 27cm depth of snow.
\nIn NY, the two relatively most snowy periods in winter were from Febr.9th to Febr.19th and from Mar.14th to Mar.19th. The biggest snow across the general area of NY occurred in between Mar.15th to Mar.16th. The location of Rochester GTR INTL station had suffered from the biggest snow with over 22cm depth of snow. \n\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":712,"value":"\nvl.markCircle().width(400).height(600)\n .data(AK_NY)\n .encode(\n vl.y().fieldO('date').bin({maxbins: 100}),\n vl.x().fieldQ('SNOW').scale({type: 'log'},{domain:[0,100]})/*.bin({maxbins: 10})*/,\n vl.size().fieldQ('SNWD').scale(100,500)\n .legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),\n vl.color().fieldN('state')\n .legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),\n vl.opacity().value(0.6),\n vl.column().fieldN('state'),\n vl.tooltip(['date','station','SNOW','SNWD'])\n )\n .render()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1344,"value":"md `\n
\n
\n## 2)The days with heavy snow & average freezing temperature in AK & NY
\n
\nAccording to the first following visualization, we can know the most freezing days appeared in\nFrom the second following graph, we can see most extremely freezing days didn't come with a big snow except Mar.14th in NY and a few other days.
\nIn AK, the most freezing day was Jan.19th with a very little snow and the coldest week appeared from Jan.16th to Jan.23th.
\nIn NY, it was much less cold as the weather in AK. Within the two periods from Jan.7th to Jan.8th and from Mar.12th to Mar.14th, the most freezing weather with very little snow appeared in Binghamton, Buffalo and Syracuse. In Mar.14th, several locations of NY suffered from big snow and relatively cold temperatures.\n\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":435,"value":"\nvl.markCircle().width(400).height(600)\n .data(AK_NY)\n .encode(\n vl.y().fieldO('date').bin({maxbins: 100}),\n vl.x().fieldQ('TAVG').scale({domain:[-40,50]})/*.bin({maxbins: 10})*/.title('Average of Temperature (F)'),\n vl.size().fieldQ('SNOW')\n .legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),\n vl.color().fieldN('state')\n .legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),\n vl.opacity().value(0.6),\n vl.column().fieldN('state'),\n vl.tooltip(['date','station','SNOW','TAVG'])\n )\n .render()\n\n/*bin({maxbins: 100}),\n vl.x().fieldQ('SNOW').scale({type: 'log'},{domain:[0,100]})/*.bin({maxbins: 10}),\n vl.size().fieldQ('SNWD').scale(100,500)\n .legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),*/\n\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1545,"value":"md `\n
\n
\n## 3)The days with freezing temperature & heavy winds in AK & NY
\n
\nAccording to the first following visualization, we can know the much more windy days, especially extreme windy weather, appeared in AK than NY as recorded.\nFrom the second following graph, we can see the exact days with extreme weathe rmore clearly. In AK, it was both quite windy and freezing from Jan.19th to Jan.22th, Febr.21st to Febr.26th and Mar.6th to Mar.8th. Overally, Bettles and Mcgrath had the most freezing average temperature but little wind.
\n
\nIn NY, its relatively extreme windy and cold weather occurred in from Jan.8th to Jan.10th,Febr.9th to Febr.10th and Mar.10th to Mar.12th. It severe weather came a little later in March in general.\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1638,"value":"vl.markBar().width(400).height(400)\n .data(AK_NY)\n .encode(\n vl.y().fieldQ('AWND').bin({maxbins: 100}).sort(vl.average('AWND').order('descending')),\n vl.x().count(),\n vl.color().fieldN('month'),\n vl.opacity().value(0.5),\n vl.column().fieldN('state').title('Monthly Counts of Windy Days')\n)\n .render();","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1577,"value":"vl.markBar({opacity:0.5}).width(280).height(280)\n .data(AK_NY)\n .encode(\n vl.y().fieldQ('TAVG').bin({maxbins: 50}),\n vl.x().fieldQ('AWND').bin({maxbins: 60}),\n \n /*vl.size().fieldN('TMIN').scale({domain:[-300,100]}),*/\n vl.column().month('month'),\n vl.tooltip(['state','station','date','TAVG','AWND']),\n vl.color().fieldN('state').legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),\n \n )\n .render()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1704,"value":"md `\n
\n
\n## Another analysis of abnormal weather across US in the rest of year 2017
\n
\nApart from all the previous analysis, I take another look on the abnormal snowy days across US in the rest of year 2017. From the two following graphs, we can see most of such days appeared in April which is somewhat a later or extended winter. Some big snow in April occurred in the areas with higher longitude and lower latitude, where there were also some snowy days in May. AK was the state that kept snowing in all months recorded, during which it snowed most heavily in May.
\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1537,"value":"vl.markBar().width(200).height(200)\n .data(abnormal)\n .encode(\n vl.x().fieldQ('longitude').bin({maxbins: 20}),\n vl.y().fieldQ('latitude').bin({maxbins: 20}),\n vl.color().count().legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),\n vl.column().month('month').title('Geolocational counts of abnormal snowy days in 2017')\n )\n .render()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":822,"value":"$37","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1740,"value":"md `\n
\n
\nAdditionally from the last visualization below, we can take a closer look at the exact days with abnormal snowy weather. The abnormal snowy days appeared from Apr.27 to May 1st and from May 17th to May 19th in many states. Apart from AK where it kept snowing all the months recorded, WK and CO were two states that had most abnormal weather, the former of which had two locations, Cheyenne and Casper, that suffered from snow. Additionally, May 18th in WK had the most abnormal weather.
\n
`","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1716,"value":"vl.markCircle().width(200).height(500)\n .data(abnormal)\n .encode(\n vl.y().fieldN('state'),\n vl.x().fieldQ('SNOW'),\n vl.color().fieldN('state').legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),\n vl.column().month('month').title( 'Abnormal snowy days in each state'),\n vl.size().fieldQ('SNOW').scale(0,100).legend({orient: 'bottom', titleOrient: 'left'}),\n vl.tooltip(['station','state','date', 'SNOW'])\n )\n .render()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1742,"value":"md `\n
\n
\n## Conclusion
\n
\nIn brief, the most severe weather emerged in AK and NY in winter of 2017. AK had an extreme weather of both the lowest temperatures and heaviest(sometimes) snow nearly all alond the year.
\n
\nOn the other hand,WY and CO had a longer snowy season and some other abnormal snowy days in Apr. and May.
\n
`\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W38","stdlib":"1","titling":"auto"}} 34:"$33:body"