31:Ta1d,md`# Level of Traffic Stress Calculator Level of Traffic Stress (LTS)¹ measures how comfortable a bicycle facility is. Since many bicycling facilities are located alongside roadways or on shared roads, the stress a bicycle rider is highly dependent of vehicle volumes, speeds, and the size of the roadway. Retrofitting existing roadways with bicycling facilities is often the fastest and cheapest way to increase bicycling use, but certain facilities may only attract a small number of bicycle riders due to how safe the facility feels to vulnerable riders. LTS Scores is inspired by the Geller "Four Types of Cyclists" categorization²: * ${score_span(1, 'LTS Score {}')} - Bicyclists of All Ages and Abilities * ${score_span(2, 'LTS Score {}')} - Most Adult Bicyclists * ${score_span(3, 'LTS Score {}')} - Experienced Bicyclists * ${score_span(4, 'LTS Score {}')} - Strong and Fearless Bicyclists LTS is often used to identify where the network of low-stress bicycle "islands" exist within a bicycling network. For instance, Alta Planning performed an LTS analysis of Gresham, OR and found pockets of low-stress bike facilities (${score_span( 1, 'LTS Score {}' )}), but wider, faster roads (${score_span( 4, 'LTS Score {}' )}) cut off the low-stress network ³:

The calculator below follows the 2017 classification scheme⁴, which considers five major factors: * Number of driving lanes in each direction * Bicycle facility type (e.g. shared, adjacent, segregated) * Bicycle lane width (including buffer) * Parking lane width * Effective Average Daily Traffic (ADT) Volumes* **Effective ADT = ADT for two‐way roads; Effective ADT = 1.5 ADT for one‐way roads* ### Citations: 1. Mekuria, Maaza C.; Furth, Peter G.; & Nixon, Hillary. "Low-stress bicycling and network connectivity." (2012). https://transweb.sjsu.edu/research/low-stress-bicycling-and-network-connectivity. 2. Geller, R. Four Types of Cyclists. Portland Bureau of Transportation, Portland, Ore., 2006. http://www.portlandoregon.gov/transportation/article/264746. 3. Alta Planning. https://blog.altaplanning.com/level-of-traffic-stress-what-it-means-for-building-better-bike-networks-c4af9800b4ee 4. Furth, Peter. "Level of Traffic Stress Table." (2017). http://www.northeastern.edu/peter.furth/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/LTS-Tables-v2-June-1.pdf `32:[] 2f:{"title":"Level of Traffic Stress Calculator","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"$31","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":54,"value":"viewof cycleway = select({\n title: \"Cycleway\",\n options: cycleway_options.map(c => ({ label: _.startCase(c), value: c }))\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":9,"value":"viewof maxspeed = select({ title: \"Speed Limit\", options: speed_options })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":13,"value":"viewof lanes = select({\n title: \"Number of Lanes per Direction\",\n options: lanes_options,\n value: 1,\n description: \"(e.g. a two-lane road with one lane in each direction -> 1)\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":168,"value":"viewof median = checkbox({\n title: \"Median?\",\n options: [{ value: true, label: \"Yes\" }]\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":393,"value":"viewof oneway = checkbox({\n title: \"One-way?\",\n options: [{ value: true, label: \"Yes\" }]\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":177,"value":"viewof centerline = checkbox({\n title: \"Centerline?\",\n options: [{ value: true, label: \"Yes\" }]\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":129,"value":"viewof parking = checkbox({\n title: \"Parking?\",\n options: [{ value: true, label: \"Yes\" }]\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":136,"value":"viewof parking_width = slider({\n title: \"Parking Width (feet)\",\n max: 20,\n min: 5,\n step: 0.25,\n value: 7\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":140,"value":"viewof cycleway_width = slider({\n title: \"Cycleway Width (feet)\",\n max: 20,\n min: 3,\n step: 0.25,\n value: 5.5\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":181,"value":"viewof adt = slider({\n title: \"Average Daily Traffic Volume\",\n max: 30000,\n min: 0,\n step: 50,\n value: 3000\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":223,"value":"md`### Your facility scored an ${score_span(\n LTSScore_v2(inputs),\n 'LTS Score {}'\n)}`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":881,"value":"md`#### V1 Score: ${score_span(LTSScore(inputs), 'LTS Score {}')}`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":756,"value":"md`# LTS Scoring Table`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":461,"value":"md`### Mixed Traffic\n\n#### Two-Way with no Centerline\n${table(mixed[0], [\"0-750 ADT\", \"751-1500 ADT\", \"1500-3000 ADT\", \"3000+ ADT\"])}\n\n
\n#### One Lane\n${table(mixed[1], [\"0-750 ADT\", \"751-1500 ADT\", \"1500-3000 ADT\", \"3000+ ADT\"])}\n\n
\n### Two Lane\n${table(mixed[2], [\"0-8000 ADT\", \"8000+ ADT\"])}\n\n
\n### Three or More Lanes\n${table(mixed[3], [\"All ADT\"])}\n\n
`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":751,"value":"md`## Bike Lanes with No Parking\n\n### One Thru-lane in each direction, or no Centerline\n${table(bikelanes_noparking[0], [\"6+ ft\", \"4-5 ft\"])}\n\n
\n### Two lanes in each direction\n${table(bikelanes_noparking[1], [\"6+ ft\", \"4-5 ft\"])}\n\n
\n### Three or more lanes in each direction\n${table(bikelanes_noparking[2], [\"Any Width\"])}\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":804,"value":"md`## Bike Lanes alongside Parking\n\n### One Thru-lane in each direction\n${table(bikelanes_parking[0], [\"15+ ft\", \"12-14 ft\"])}\n\n
\n### Two lanes per direction, or 2-3 lanes in one direction\n${table(bikelanes_parking[1], [\"15+ ft\", \"12-14 ft\"])}\n\n
\n### Other multilane road\n${table(bikelanes_parking[2], [\"Any width\"])}`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":961,"value":"md`## V2 LTS Functions`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":402,"value":"function LTSScore_v2(new_inputs) {\n const inputs = _.defaults(new_inputs, {\n adt: 1500,\n lanes: 1,\n centerline: true,\n oneway: false,\n parking: false,\n maxspeed: 30,\n parking_width: 7,\n cycleway_width: 5\n });\n\n if (_.includes(facility_types.separated, inputs.cycleway)) {\n return 1; // Separated facilities are always LTS 1\n } else if (_.includes(facility_types.shared, inputs.cycleway)) {\n return sharedScore(inputs);\n } else {\n return bikelaneScore(inputs);\n }\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":561,"value":"function sharedScore(inputs) {\n return mixed[laneClassifier(inputs)][adtClassifier(inputs)][\n speedClassifier(inputs)\n ];\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":630,"value":"function bikelaneScore(inputs) {\n if (inputs.parking) {\n let width = inputs.parking_width + inputs.cycleway_width;\n if (inputs.lanes === 1) {\n bikelanes_parking[0][width < 15 ? 1 : 0][speedClassifier(inputs)];\n } else if (inputs.lanes === 2 || (inputs.lanes == 3 && inputs.oneway)) {\n return bikelanes_parking[1][0][speedClassifier(inputs)];\n } else {\n return bikelanes_parking[2][0][speedClassifier(inputs)];\n }\n } else {\n let large_lane = inputs.cycleway_width >= 6;\n\n if (inputs.lanes === 1) {\n return bikelanes_noparking[0][large_lane ? 0 : 1][\n speedClassifier(inputs)\n ];\n } else if (inputs.lanes === 2) {\n return bikelanes_noparking[1][large_lane ? 0 : 1][\n speedClassifier(inputs)\n ];\n } else {\n return bikelanes_noparking[2][0][speedClassifier(inputs)];\n }\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":500,"value":"speedClassifier = {\n const speedScale = d3\n .scaleQuantize()\n .domain([20, 50])\n .range([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]);\n\n return function(inputs) {\n return speedScale(inputs.maxspeed);\n };\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":409,"value":"function adtClassifier(inputs) {\n if (inputs.lanes === 1) {\n if (inputs.adt <= 750) {\n return 0;\n } else if (inputs.adt <= 1500) {\n return 1;\n } else if (inputs.adt <= 3000) {\n return 2;\n } else {\n return 3;\n }\n } else if (inputs.lanes === 2) {\n return inputs.adt <= 8000 ? 0 : 1;\n } else {\n return 0;\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":535,"value":"laneClassifier = {\n const laneScale = d3\n .scaleQuantize()\n .domain([1, 3])\n .range([1, 2, 3]);\n\n return function(inputs) {\n if (inputs.lanes === 1 && !inputs.centerline) {\n return 0;\n } else {\n return laneScale(inputs.lanes);\n }\n };\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":922,"value":"md`## V1 LTS Functions`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":194,"value":"function LTSScore(new_inputs) {\n const inputs = _.defaults(new_inputs, {\n adt: 1500,\n lanes: 1,\n centerline: true,\n oneway: false,\n parking: false,\n maxspeed: 30,\n parking_width: 7,\n cycleway_width: 5\n });\n\n let scores = {\n speed_score: speedScore(inputs.maxspeed),\n lane_score: laneScore(inputs.lanes, inputs),\n facility_score: facilityScore(inputs.cycleway, inputs),\n mixed_score: mixedFacilityScore(inputs),\n lane_score: laneFacilityScore(inputs)\n };\n\n if (_.includes(facility_types.separated, inputs.cycleway)) {\n return scores.facility_score;\n } else {\n return _.max(\n _.values([scores.speed_score, scores.lane_score, scores.facility_score])\n );\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":26,"value":"function speedScore(speed) {\n \n if (speed >= 40) {\n return 4;\n } else if (speed >= 35) {\n return 3;\n } else if (speed >= 30) {\n return 2;\n } else if (speed <= 25) {\n return 1;\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":34,"value":"function laneScore(lanes_in, options) {\n _.defaults(options, { median: false });\n let lanes = Math.ceil(+lanes_in / 2);\n if (lanes >= 2 || (lanes === 2 && !options.median)) {\n return 3;\n } else if (lanes === 2 && options.median) {\n return 2;\n } else if (lanes === 1) {\n return 1;\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":41,"value":"function facilityScore(cycleway, options) {\n _.defaults(options, {\n lanes: 0,\n parking: false,\n cycleway_width: 0,\n parking_width: 0\n });\n\n // Paths & Separated facilities are considered LTS 1\n if (_.includes(facility_types.separated, cycleway)) {\n return 1;\n }\n\n // Bike Lanes can vary from LTS 1-4\n if (_.includes(facility_types.lanes, cycleway)) {\n return laneFacilityScore(options);\n }\n\n if (_.includes(facility_types.shared, cycleway)) {\n return mixedFacilityScore(options);\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":98,"value":"// Mixed Traffic can vary from LTS 1-4\nfunction mixedFacilityScore(options) {\n let lanes = +options.lanes;\n let speed = +options.maxspeed; // Convert to number\n let high_volume = +options.adt > 3000;\n console.log(lanes, high_volume);\n\n if (lanes >= 6) {\n return 4;\n } else if (lanes >= 4) {\n if (speed <= 25) {\n return 3;\n } else {\n return 4;\n }\n } else if (lanes >= 2) {\n if (speed >= 35) {\n return 3;\n } else if (speed >= 30) {\n if (high_volume || options.centerline) {\n return 3;\n } else {\n return 2;\n }\n } else if (speed <= 25) {\n if (high_volume || options.centerline) {\n return 2;\n } else {\n return 1;\n }\n }\n } else {\n \n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":107,"value":"function laneFacilityScore(options) {\n if (options.parking) {\n let total_width = +options.cycleway_width + options.parking_width;\n if (total_width <= 13.5) {\n return 3;\n } else if (total_width <= 14.5) {\n return 2;\n } else {\n return 1;\n }\n } else {\n let width = +options.cycleway_width;\n if (width <= 5.5) {\n return 2;\n } else {\n return 1;\n }\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":47,"value":"md`# Appendix`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":895,"value":"md`## Constants`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":396,"value":"inputs = ({\n lanes: +lanes,\n oneway,\n maxspeed: +maxspeed,\n centerline,\n cycleway,\n parking,\n parking_width,\n cycleway_width,\n adt\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":68,"value":"facility_types = ({\n separated: ['path', 'track', 'opposite_track', 'separate'],\n lanes: ['opposite_lane', 'lane'],\n shared: ['shared_lane', 'opposite']\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":21,"value":"cycleway_options = [\n \"shared_lane\",\n \"lane\",\n \"track\",\n \"path\",\n \"opposite\",\n \"opposite_lane\",\n \"opposite_track\"\n]","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":11,"value":"speed_options = [10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70]","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":19,"value":"lanes_options = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":365,"value":"lts_colors = [\n d3.color(\"#82B119\"),\n d3.color(\"#FFFF02\"),\n d3.color(\"#FF9A01\"),\n d3.color(\"#624D74\")\n]","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":943,"value":"md`## LTS Score Maps`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":591,"value":"bikelanes_noparking = {\n const bikelanes_noparking_one_or_unlaned = [\n [1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3],\n [2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4]\n ];\n const bikelanes_noparking_two_lane = [\n [2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3],\n [2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4]\n ];\n const bikelanes_noparking_three_plus_lane = [[3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4]];\n return [\n bikelanes_noparking_one_or_unlaned,\n bikelanes_noparking_two_lane,\n bikelanes_noparking_three_plus_lane\n ];\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":621,"value":"bikelanes_parking = {\n const bikelanes_parking_one_lane = [\n [1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4],\n [2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4]\n ];\n const bikelanes_parking_two_lane_or_three_oneway_lane = [\n [2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4],\n [2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4]\n ];\n const bikelanes_parking_multilane = [[3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4]];\n return [\n bikelanes_parking_one_lane,\n bikelanes_parking_two_lane_or_three_oneway_lane,\n bikelanes_parking_multilane\n ];\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":489,"value":"mixed = {\n const mixed_unlaned = [\n [1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3],\n [1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4],\n [2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4],\n [2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4]\n ];\n const mixed_one_lane = [\n [1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3],\n [2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4],\n [2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4],\n [3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4]\n ];\n const mixed_two_lane = [[3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4], [3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4]];\n const mixed_three_plus_lane = [[3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4]];\n return [mixed_unlaned, mixed_one_lane, mixed_two_lane, mixed_three_plus_lane];\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":898,"value":"md`## Utils`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":978,"value":"function score_span(score, text) {\n return html`${text ? text.replace('{}', score) : score}`;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":470,"value":"function table(data, axis) {\n const speeds = [20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, \"50+\"];\n const speeds_head = speeds.map(i => `${i} MPH`);\n\n const cell = s => {\n return `${s}`;\n };\n\n const renderTable = () => {\n return `${data\n .map(\n (r, i) =>\n `${axis ? axis[i] : i}\n ${r.map(cell).join('')}`\n )\n .join('')}`;\n };\n\n return html`\n \n \n \n ${speeds_head}\n \n ${renderTable()}\n \n \n

`;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":204,"value":"function scale(i) {\n // return d3.schemeRdYlGn[4][4 - i];\n return lts_colors[i - 1];\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":891,"value":"md`## Imports`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":202,"value":"d3 = require(\"d3@5\", \"d3-scale\", \"d3-interpolate@1\", \"d3-random@1\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":66,"value":"_ = require('lodash')","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":4,"value":"import { select, checkbox, slider } from \"@jashkenas/inputs\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"}],"files":"$W32","stdlib":"1","titling":"auto"}