2c:null 2d:["$","title",null,{"children":"The Marshall Project 2024 Political Survey, Summaries of Selected Questions by Jail | The Marshall Project | Observable"}] 32:Td1a,# The Marshall Project 2024 Political Survey, Summaries of Selected Questions by Jail The Marshall Project surveyed approximately 54,000 incarcerated people in 785 prisons and jails nationwide, with responses in 45 states and the District of Columbia. This is a landmark study of people in prison and jails that The Marshall Project first conducted in 2020 to learn about their political leanings. **[See our toolkit](https://www.themarshallproject.org/2024/10/18/journalism-election-survey-prisons-jails-voting) for more context, sources, and reporting guidance. For the complete answers broken down by state, see [our state summary notebook](https://observablehq.com/@themarshallproject/survey3-state-summaries).** --- This notebook contains counts of answers for selected combinations of questions, filtered for jails and aggregated by facility name. The results are **not representative** of the incarcerated population in any particular facility. When writing about this data, use extreme care to represent findings using language like "of the people who responded to the survey from jail" and "of the survey respondents in jail who identified as women." Answer groups with less than 5 responses are suppressed from the results to avoid the possibility of identifying someone (e.g. a transgender person in a facility with a small population) and associating them with their political beliefs. The survey was conducted twice. Once while Joe Biden was the Democratic presidential candidate and ran from June 4, 2024 to July 17, 2024 (known as answer set `2024-001` in the data) and another time after Kamala Harris assumed the candidacy for the Democrats from August 8, 2024 to August 22, 2025 (answer set `2024-002`). Most questions were the same between surveys; this tool defaults to showing the answers across both survey (answer set `all-surveys`), with an exception for questions like `who_vote_for`, which had different options in the two surveys. All results include these fields in addition to the each answer to the question(s) being summarized: * `answer_set`: The survey was conducted twice. Once while Joe Biden was the Democratic presidential candidate (answer set `2024-001`) and another time after Kamala Harris assumed the candidacy for the Democrats (answer set `2024-002`). We include a third set (answer set `all-surveys`) that includes responses from unique individuals across surveys. * `count`: Number of respondents with this combination of responses. * `n_respondents`: Number of people who answered this question. * `pct_of_respondents`: Percent of people who responded with this answer. **[You can also download the entire dataset](${rawDataCsvUrl}).** To use this notebook to answer reporting questions, select a question then filter by the name of the facility you are interested in (e.g. "Cook County"). "Unique answer counts" show questions where multiple choices could be selected as unique, comma-separated combinations. For example, 26 respondents in Maricopa County Sheriff's Officer, AZ marked both "Hispanic or Latino" and "White" when answering the race question. This appears as "Hispanic or Latino, White." "All answer counts" shows the distinct answers to a question. Using the example above, those 26 respondents will be counted in the "Hispanic or Latino" category _and_ the "White" category.33:[] 30:{"id":"1456bc52c45456a7","slug":"survey3-summaries-by-jail","title":"The Marshall Project 2024 Political Survey, Summaries of Selected Questions by Jail","thumbnail":"1658c65d5e8ea464eb4d210f29f9dd8956c9909148011f0e94a01fc9d543489e","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2024-11-14T17:27:57.731Z","update_time":"$D2024-12-16T19:06:04.341Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2024-11-14T19:36:46.801Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":true,"stars":0,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"2b9b6b7a2611ae8b","login":"themarshallproject","name":"The Marshall Project","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/51074ddbd05b2106aad939952e69d7abd8956cf4cffa05e2a2321dbaa751e6f0","tier":"pro","bio":""},"version":348,"publish_version":null,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"69810cd3cf4bf30c","login":"eads","name":"David Eads","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/ed73f86cbd46170a17e3bb2a06a1939ef04e5dc379b856148b769d7ac41ab78b","tier":null,"bio":""}],"members":[{"type":"team","id":"2b9b6b7a2611ae8b","login":"themarshallproject","name":"The Marshall Project","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/51074ddbd05b2106aad939952e69d7abd8956cf4cffa05e2a2321dbaa751e6f0","tier":"pro","role":"editor"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":false,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":0,"collection":{"id":"92506abfacf1640c","slug":"data-releases","title":"data/Releases","owner":{"id":"2b9b6b7a2611ae8b","login":"themarshallproject","name":"The Marshall Project"}},"type":"notebook","body":{"titling":"auto","title":"The Marshall Project 2024 Political Survey, Summaries of Selected Questions by Jail","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"$32","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":201,"value":"# Preview facility-level results","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":206,"value":"## Filter","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":56,"value":"viewof selectedQuestion = Inputs.select(summaries, {\n format: (x) => x.question_ids.replace(\"facility_name__\", \"\"),\n label: \"Question ID\",\n value: summaries.find(\n (x) => x.question_ids === \"facility_name__eligible_to_vote\"\n )\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":148,"value":"\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n

Selected question ID	`${selectedQuestion.question_ids.split(\"__\").slice(1)}`
Question type	`${selectedQuestion.question_meta.question_type}`
Question text	${selectedQuestion.question_meta.question_text}

\n\n

\n\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":33,"value":"viewof selectedFacilities = Inputs.search(allFacilities, {\n label: \"Filter facilities\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":40,"value":"**Facilities that match the filter:** ${selectedFacilities.length < allFacilities.length? `${selectedFacilities.slice(0, 10).map(d => d.facility_name).join(\", \")}${selectedFacilities.length > 10 ? \"...\" : \"\"}` : html`All records` }\n\n

","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":180,"value":"## Unique answer counts","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":279,"value":"### Nationwide summary\n\n[Download CSV](${nationalSummaryCsvUrl})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":238,"value":"Inputs.table(\n filtered\n .params({ totalNationalRespondents })\n .groupby(selectedQuestion.question_ids.split(\"__\").slice(1))\n .rollup({\n count: (d, $) => aq.op.sum(d.count),\n n_respondents: (d, $) => $.totalNationalRespondents,\n pct_of_respondents: (d, $) =>\n aq.op.sum(d.count) / $.totalNationalRespondents\n })\n .orderby(aq.desc(\"count\")),\n {\n rows: 18,\n width: {\n state: 40,\n count: 120,\n n_respondents: 120,\n pct_of_respondents: 140,\n facility_name: 220\n },\n format: {\n pct_of_respondents: (x) => (x * 100).toFixed(1)\n }\n }\n)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":300,"value":"### Facility-level counts\n\n[Download CSV](${filteredCsvUrl})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":78,"value":"Inputs.table(\n filtered\n .orderby(aq.desc(\"n_respondents\"), \"facility_name\", aq.desc(\"count\"))\n .select(aq.not(\"answer_set\")),\n {\n rows: 18,\n width: {\n state: 40,\n count: 120,\n n_respondents: 120,\n pct_of_respondents: 140,\n facility_name: 220\n },\n format: {\n pct_of_respondents: (x) => (x * 100).toFixed(1)\n }\n }\n)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":182,"value":"## All answer counts","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":167,"value":"Inputs.table(filtered_exploded, {\n format: {\n pct: (x) => (x * 100).toFixed(1)\n },\n width: {\n sum: 100,\n pct: 100,\n facility_name: 220\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":214,"value":"---\n\n# Code and data","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":297,"value":"filteredCsvUrl = {\n const csvData = d3.csvFormat(filtered.objects()); // Convert the data object to CSV\n const blob = new Blob([csvData], { type: \"text/csv\" });\n return URL.createObjectURL(blob);\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":281,"value":"nationalSummaryCsvUrl = {\n const csvData = d3.csvFormat(nationalResponsesSummary.objects()); // Convert the data object to CSV\n const blob = new Blob([csvData], { type: \"text/csv\" });\n return URL.createObjectURL(blob);\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":306,"value":"rawDataCsvUrl = {\n const csvData = d3.csvFormat(summariesRawTidy); // Convert the data object to CSV\n const blob = new Blob([csvData], { type: \"text/csv\" });\n return URL.createObjectURL(blob);\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":283,"value":"nationalResponsesSummary = filtered\n .params({ totalNationalRespondents })\n .groupby(selectedQuestion.question_ids.split(\"__\").slice(1))\n .rollup({\n count: (d, $) => aq.op.sum(d.count),\n n_respondents: (d, $) => $.totalNationalRespondents,\n pct_of_respondents: (d, $) =>\n aq.op.sum(d.count) / $.totalNationalRespondents\n })\n .orderby(aq.desc(\"count\"))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":258,"value":"totalNationalRespondents = respondentsByFacility\n .rollup({\n n_respondents: (d) => aq.op.sum(d.n_respondents)\n })\n .get(\"n_respondents\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":87,"value":"selectedAnswerset = \"all-surveys\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":249,"value":"respondentsByFacility = filtered\n .groupby(\"facility_name\")\n .rollup({ n_respondents: (d) => aq.op.max(d.n_respondents) })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":158,"value":"filtered_exploded = {\n const group_n = filtered.get(\"n_respondents\");\n\n return filtered\n .params({ lastSelectedQuestionID, group_n })\n .derive({\n value: (d, $) => aq.op.split(d[$.lastSelectedQuestionID], \", \")\n })\n .unroll(\"value\")\n .groupby(\"facility_name\", \"value\")\n .rollup({\n sum: (d) => aq.op.sum(d.count)\n })\n .derive({\n pct: (d, $) => d.sum / $.group_n\n })\n .orderby(\"facility_name\", \"value\");\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":163,"value":"lastSelectedQuestionID = selectedQuestionIDsArray[\n selectedQuestionIDsArray.length - 1\n]","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":160,"value":"selectedQuestionIDsArray = selectedQuestion.question_ids.split(\"__\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":63,"value":"filtered = selected\n .params({ selectedAnswerset, selectedFacilityNames, allFacilities })\n .filter(\n (d, $) =>\n d.answer_set === $.selectedAnswerset &&\n ($.selectedFacilityNames.length < $.allFacilities.length\n ? aq.op.includes(selectedFacilityNames, d.facility_name)\n : true)\n )\n .orderby(aq.desc(\"count\"))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":104,"value":"selectedFacilityNames = selectedFacilities.map((d) => d.facility_name)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":65,"value":"selected = summaries.find(\n (d) => d.question_ids === selectedQuestion.question_ids\n).dt","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":8,"value":"summaries = summariesRaw\n .map((d) => ({\n question_ids: d.question_ids,\n dt: aq.from(d.data.filter((r) => r.state !== \"0_ALL_STATES\")),\n question_meta: questions.find((q) => {\n const q_arr = d.question_ids.split(\"__\");\n if (q_arr.length === 2) {\n return q.question_id === q_arr[1];\n } else {\n return false;\n }\n }) || { question_text: \"\" }\n }))\n .sort((a, b) => a.question_ids.localeCompare(b.question_ids))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":12,"value":"allFacilities = aq\n .from(\n summariesRaw\n .map((d) =>\n d.data\n .filter((r) => r.state !== \"0_ALL_STATES\")\n .map((r) => ({ facility_name: r.facility_name, state: r.state }))\n )\n .flat()\n )\n .groupby([\"state\", \"facility_name\"])\n .rollup()\n .objects()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":217,"value":"questions = d3.csv(\n \"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSFpGSQzfgWUCOrmMOSmMSETZ-1c9HZNTyb9104wquA4f5Rgj3FrJVX-DQtZpplLryW3zQbRixY9gYf/pub?gid=401561342&single=true&output=csv\"\n)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":322,"value":"summariesRawTidy = Object.values(summariesRaw).map((d) => {\n return d.data.map((x) => ({ ...x, question_ids: d.question_ids }));\n})\n.flat()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":5,"value":"summariesRaw = d3.json(\n \"https://tmp-survey3.s3.amazonaws.com/summary/selected_summaries_jails.json?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIATCWAOAUWG5TPQYDH&Signature=uIvAO7yVIey00r6zmxSIGKechpI%3D&Expires=1795530201\"\n)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W33","stdlib":"1"}} 31:"$30:body"