29:null 2a:["$","title",null,{"children":"An Illustrated Guide to Arquero Verbs | UW Interactive Data Lab | Observable"}] 2f:[] 2d:{"id":"6e29500f11638ee2","slug":"an-illustrated-guide-to-arquero-verbs","title":"An Illustrated Guide to Arquero Verbs","thumbnail":"75d38ad292c94a0360343e27b4545590cc6891b35d7218d05258a6736ffc7d2a","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2020-09-23T19:07:38.775Z","update_time":"$D2021-04-23T14:38:18.738Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2020-09-24T22:10:14.850Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":false,"stars":173,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"33e135341fd39b6b","login":"uwdata","name":"UW Interactive Data Lab","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/3edc7fd13a27b85983daf26162ae9b524d571436d583c3093ebf9cddee4c1ff9","tier":"starter_2024"},"version":970,"publish_version":970,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"ecf15dc33ed8cd37","login":"jheer","name":"Jeffrey Heer","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/230cea705fbda819b9f6b8bc87e05ebecf06d314098901fbd9946af2cdc51be4","tier":null}],"members":[{"type":"individual","id":"ecf15dc33ed8cd37","login":"jheer","name":"Jeffrey Heer","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/230cea705fbda819b9f6b8bc87e05ebecf06d314098901fbd9946af2cdc51be4","tier":null,"role":"editor"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":true,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":39,"collection":{"id":"6102651be2978598","slug":"arquero","title":"Arquero","owner":{"id":"33e135341fd39b6b","login":"uwdata","name":"UW Interactive Data Lab"}},"type":"notebook","body":{"title":"An Illustrated Guide to Arquero Verbs","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"md`# An Illustrated Guide to Arquero Verbs`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":7,"value":"md`\n* *Transform*: [select](#select), [relocate](#relocate), [rename](#rename), [filter](#filter), [slice](#slice), [orderby](#orderby), [derive](#derive), [rollup](#rollup), [sample](#sample)\n* *Reshape*: [fold](#fold), [pivot](#pivot), [spread](#spread), [unroll](#unroll)\n* *Clean*: [dedupe](#dedupe), [impute](#impute)\n* *Join*: [cross](#cross), [join](#join), [semijoin](#semijoin), [antijoin](#antijoin)\n* *Set Operations*: [concat](#concat), [union](#union), [intersect](#intersect), [except](#except)\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":656,"value":"md`Inspired by [Data Wrangler](http://vis.stanford.edu/wrangler/) and the [Data Wrangling Cheat Sheet](https://rstudio.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/data-wrangling-cheatsheet.pdf).\n
\nFor more about Arquero, see [Introducing Arquero](https://observablehq.com/@uwdata/introducing-arquero).`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":551,"value":"md`

\n## Transform`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":238,"value":"select = md`
\n### Select`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":243,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3], z: [4, 5, 6] });\n const s = t.select('z', 'y');\n const opt = {\n color: {\n y: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[0],\n z: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[1]\n }\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt),\n edge('select(z, y)'),\n s.view(opt),\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":804,"value":"relocate = md`
\n### Relocate`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":808,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3], z: [4, 5, 6] });\n const s = t.relocate('y', { after: 'z' });\n const opt = {\n color: {\n y: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[0]\n }\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt),\n edge('relocate(y, { after: z })'),\n s.view(opt),\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":812,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3], z: [4, 5, 6] });\n const s = t.relocate(['z', 'y'], { before: 'x' });\n const opt = {\n color: {\n y: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[0],\n z: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[1]\n }\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt),\n edge('relocate([z, y], { before: x })'),\n s.view(opt),\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":958,"value":"rename = md`
\n### Rename`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":961,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3], z: [4, 5, 6] });\n const s = t.rename({ x: 'u', y: 'v' });\n const opt = {\n color: {\n x: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[0],\n y: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[1],\n u: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[0],\n v: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[1]\n }\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt),\n edge('rename({ x: u, y: v })'),\n s.view(opt),\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":185,"value":"filter = md`
\n### Filter`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":165,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const f = t.filter(d => d.x === 'B');\n const bits = f.mask();\n const opt = { color: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : bits.get(r) ? categories[0] : categories[1] }\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(),\n edge('filter(x = \"B\")'),\n t.view(opt),\n edge('reify()'),\n f.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":949,"value":"slice = md`
\n### Slice`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":952,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const f = t.slice(1, -1);\n const opt = { color: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[0] }\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(),\n edge('slice(1, -1)'),\n f.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":253,"value":"orderby = md`
\n### Orderby`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":256,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const o = t.orderby('x', aq.desc('y'));\n \n const color = sortColors([2, 0, 1]);\n const opt = { color: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : color(r) };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(),\n edge('orderby(x, desc(y))'),\n t.view(opt),\n edge('reify()'),\n o.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":191,"value":"derive = md`
\n### Derive`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":176,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const d = t.derive({ z: d => d.y * d.y });\n const opt = {\n color: {\n y: i => i < 0 ? null : opacity(categories[0], 0.15),\n z: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0]\n }\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(),\n edge('derive(z = y * y)'),\n d.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":833,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const d = t.derive({ z: d => d.y * d.y }, { before: 'y' });\n const opt = {\n color: {\n y: i => i < 0 ? null : opacity(categories[0], 0.15),\n z: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0]\n }\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(),\n edge('derive(z = y * y, { before: y })'),\n d.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":182,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const g = t.groupby('x');\n const d = g.derive({ c: op.count() });\n \n const keys = g.groups().keys;\n const color = groupColors(keys);\n const opt = { color: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : color(keys[r]) };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(),\n edge('groupby(x)'),\n g.view(opt),\n edge('derive(c = count())'),\n d.view({ color: { c: opt.color } })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":306,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const o = t.orderby('x', aq.desc('y'));\n const d = o.derive({ s: aq.rolling(d => op.sum(d.y)) });\n \n const color = sortColors([2, 0, 1]);\n const opt = { color: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : color(r) };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(),\n edge('orderby(x, desc(y))'),\n o.view(opt),\n edge('derive(s = rolling(sum(y)))'),\n d.view({ color: { s: opt.color} })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":188,"value":"rollup = md`
\n### Rollup`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":472,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = t.count();\n const opt = { color: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0] };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt),\n edge('count()'),\n r.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":477,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = t.rollup({ total: d => op.sum(d.y) });\n const opt = { color: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0] };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt),\n edge('rollup(total = sum(y))'),\n r.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":117,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const g = t.groupby('x');\n const r = g.rollup({ sum: op.sum('y'), avg: op.average('y'), count: op.count() }).groupby('x');\n\n const keys = g.groups().keys;\n const color = groupColors(keys);\n const opt = { color: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : color(keys[r]) };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(),\n edge('groupby(x)'),\n g.view(opt),\n edge('rollup(...)'),\n r.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":271,"value":"sample = md`
\n### Sample`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":269,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const s = t.sample(2);\n\n return hconcat(\n t.view({ color: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[t.get('y', r) - 1] }),\n edge('sample(2)'),\n s.view({ color: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[s.get('y', r) - 1] })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":297,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const s = t.sample(4, { replace: true });\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view({ color: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[t.get('y', r) - 1] }),\n edge('sample(4, { replace: true })'),\n s.view({ color: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : categories[s.get('y', r) - 1] })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":557,"value":"md`

\n## Reshape`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":439,"value":"fold = md`
\n### Fold`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":424,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ A: [1], B: [2], C: [3] });\n const f = t.fold(aq.all());\n\n return hconcat(\n t.view({\n color: i => i < 0 ? categories[0] : categories[1]\n }),\n edge('fold(all())'),\n f.view({\n color: {\n key: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0],\n value: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[1]\n }\n })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":743,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ A: [1], B: [2], C: [3] });\n const f = t.fold(['B', 'C']);\n\n return hconcat(\n t.view({\n color: {\n B: i => i < 0 ? categories[0] : categories[1],\n C: i => i < 0 ? categories[0] : categories[1]\n }\n }),\n edge('fold([B, C])'),\n f.view({\n color: {\n key: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0],\n value: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[1]\n }\n })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":442,"value":"pivot = md`
\n### Pivot`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":433,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ key: ['A', 'B', 'C'], value: [1, 2, 3] });\n const p = t.pivot('key', 'value');\n\n return hconcat(\n t.view({\n color: {\n key: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0],\n value: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[1]\n }\n }),\n edge('pivot(key, value)'),\n p.view({\n color: i => i < 0 ? categories[0] : categories[1]\n })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":747,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ type: [1, 1, 1, 2, 2], name: ['A', 'A', 'B', 'A', 'B'], count: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] });\n const g = t.groupby('type');\n const p = g.pivot('name', { value: d => op.sum(d.count) });\n\n const keys = g.groups().keys;\n const color = groupColors(keys);\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(),\n edge('groupby(type)'),\n g.view({ color: (i, r) => i < 0 ? null : color(keys[r]) }),\n edge('pivot(name, sum(count))'),\n p.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[i < 1 ? 0 : 1] })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":459,"value":"spread = md`
\n### Spread`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":448,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B'], y: [[1, 2], [3, 4]] });\n const s = t.spread('y');\n const opt = {\n color: {\n y: i => i < 0 ? null : opacity(categories[0], 0.15),\n y_1: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0],\n y_2: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0]\n }\n }\n\n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt),\n edge('spread(y)'),\n s.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":843,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B'], y: [[1, 2], [3, 4]] });\n const s = t.spread('y', { drop: false, as: ['a', 'b'] });\n const opt = {\n color: {\n y: i => i < 0 ? null : opacity(categories[0], 0.15),\n a: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0],\n b: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0]\n }\n }\n\n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt),\n edge('spread(y, { drop: false, as: [a, b] })'),\n s.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":462,"value":"unroll = md`
\n### Unroll`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":465,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B'], y: [[1, 2], [3, 4]] });\n const u = t.unroll('y');\n const opt = {\n color: {\n y: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[0]\n }\n }\n\n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt),\n edge('unroll(y)'),\n u.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":887,"value":"md`

\n## Clean`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":493,"value":"dedupe = md`
\n### Dedupe`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":490,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'A'], y: [1, 2, 1], z: [4, 5, 4] });\n const s = t.dedupe();\n const opt = {\n color: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[i === 1 ? 1 : 0]\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt),\n edge('dedupe()'),\n s.view(opt),\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":770,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 1], z: [4, 5, 4] });\n const s = t.dedupe('y');\n const opt = {\n color: { y: i => i < 0 ? null : categories[i === 1 ? 1 : 0] }\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt),\n edge('dedupe(y)'),\n s.view(opt),\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":895,"value":"impute = md`
\n### Impute`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":904,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 3, null] });\n const s = t.impute({ y: () => 0 });\n const opt = c => ({\n color: { y: i => i < 2 ? null : c },\n null: () => '∅'\n });\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt(categories[0])),\n edge('impute(y = 0)'),\n s.view(opt(categories[1]))\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":916,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 3, null] });\n const s = t.impute({ y: op.mean('y') });\n const opt = c => ({\n color: { y: i => i < 2 ? null : c },\n null: () => '∅'\n });\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt(categories[0])),\n edge('impute(y = mean(y))'),\n s.view(opt(categories[1])),\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":919,"value":"{\n const t = aq.table({ x: [1, 1, 2], y: [3, 4, 3], z: [1, null, 3] });\n const s = t.impute({ z: 0 }, { expand: ['x', 'y'] });\n const opt = c => ({\n color: {\n x: i => i < 3 ? null : c,\n y: i => i < 3 ? null : c,\n z: i => i === 1 || i === 3 ? c : null\n },\n null: () => '∅'\n });\n \n return hconcat(\n t.view(opt(categories[0])),\n edge('impute(z = 0, { expand: [x, y] })'),\n s.view(opt(categories[1]))\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":560,"value":"md`

\n## Join`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":536,"value":"cross = md`
\n### Cross\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":530,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B'], y: [1, 2] });\n const r = aq.table({ u: ['C', 'D'], v: [3, 4] });\n const j = l.cross(r);\n \n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n const color = (f, c) => (i, r) => i < 0 || j.get(f, r) == null ? null : c;\n const format = v => v == null ? '∅' : v + '';\n const opt = {\n color: { x: color('x', cl), y: color('y', cl), u: color('u', cr), v: color('v', cr) },\n format: { x: format, y: format, u: format, v: format }\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'cross'),\n j.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":343,"value":"join = md`
\n### Join`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":346,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = aq.table({ u: ['A', 'B', 'D'], v: [4, 5, 6] });\n const j = l.join(r, ['x', 'u']);\n \n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n const color = (f, c) => (i, r) => i < 0 || j.get(f, r) == null ? null : c;\n const format = v => v == null ? '∅' : v + '';\n const opt = {\n color: { x: color('x', cl), y: color('y', cl), u: color('u', cr), v: color('v', cr) },\n format: { x: format, y: format, u: format, v: format }\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'join', ', x = u'),\n j.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":367,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = aq.table({ u: ['A', 'B', 'D'], v: [4, 5, 6] });\n const j = l.join_left(r, ['x', 'u']);\n \n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n const color = (f, c) => (i, r) => i < 0 || j.get(f, r) == null ? null : c;\n const opt = {\n color: { x: color('x', cl), y: color('y', cl), u: color('u', cr), v: color('v', cr) },\n null: () => '∅'\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'join_left', ', x = u'),\n j.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":371,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = aq.table({ u: ['A', 'B', 'D'], v: [4, 5, 6] });\n const j = l.join_right(r, ['x', 'u']);\n\n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n const color = (f, c) => (i, r) => i < 0 || j.get(f, r) == null ? null : c;\n const opt = {\n color: { x: color('x', cl), y: color('y', cl), u: color('u', cr), v: color('v', cr) },\n null: () => '∅'\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'join_right', ', x = u'),\n j.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":374,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = aq.table({ u: ['A', 'B', 'D'], v: [4, 5, 6] });\n const j = l.join_full(r, ['x', 'u']);\n \n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n const color = (f, c) => (i, r) => i < 0 || j.get(f, r) == null ? null : c;\n const opt = {\n color: { x: color('x', cl), y: color('y', cl), u: color('u', cr), v: color('v', cr) },\n null: () => '∅'\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'join_full', ', x = u'),\n j.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":407,"value":"semijoin = md`
\n### Semijoin`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":411,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = aq.table({ u: ['A', 'B', 'D'], v: [4, 5, 6] });\n const j = l.semijoin(r, ['x', 'u']);\n \n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n const color = (f, c) => (i, r) => i < 0 || j.get(f, r) == null ? null : c;\n const format = v => v == null ? '∅' : v + '';\n const opt = {\n color: { x: color('x', cl), y: color('y', cl), u: color('u', cr), v: color('v', cr) },\n format: { x: format, y: format, u: format, v: format }\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'semijoin', ', x = u'),\n j.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":421,"value":"antijoin = md`
\n### Antijoin`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":417,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = aq.table({ u: ['A', 'B', 'D'], v: [4, 5, 6] });\n const j = l.antijoin(r, ['x', 'u']);\n \n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n const color = (f, c) => (i, r) => i < 0 || j.get(f, r) == null ? null : c;\n const format = v => v == null ? '∅' : v + '';\n const opt = {\n color: { x: color('x', cl), y: color('y', cl), u: color('u', cr), v: color('v', cr) },\n format: { x: format, y: format, u: format, v: format }\n };\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'antijoin', ', x = u'),\n j.view(opt)\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":706,"value":"md`

\n## Set Operations`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":511,"value":"concat = md`
\n### Concat`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":497,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'D'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const c = l.concat(r);\n \n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'concat'),\n c.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : i < 3 ? cl : cr })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":792,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 3], z: [9, 8, 7] });\n const r = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'D'], y: [4, 5, 6] });\n const c = l.concat(r);\n \n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'concat'),\n c.view({ null: () => '∅', color: i => i < 0 ? null : i < 3 ? cl : cr })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":514,"value":"union = md`
\n### Union`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":504,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'D'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const c = l.union(r);\n \n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'union'),\n c.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : i < 3 ? cl : cr })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":517,"value":"intersect = md`
\n### Intersect`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":523,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'D'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const c = l.intersect(r);\n \n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'intersect'),\n c.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":520,"value":"except = md`
\n### Except`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":526,"value":"{\n const l = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'C'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const r = aq.table({ x: ['A', 'B', 'D'], y: [1, 2, 3] });\n const c = l.except(r);\n \n const [cl, cr] = categories;\n \n return hconcat(\n l.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl }),\n call(r.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cr }), 'except'),\n c.view({ color: i => i < 0 ? null : cl })\n );\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":52,"value":"md`

\n## Appendix`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":19,"value":"import { aq, op } from '@uwdata/arquero'","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":133,"value":"function hconcat(...elem) {\n const span = html``;\n\n elem.forEach(e => {\n e.style.display = 'inline-block';\n e.style.verticalAlign = 'top';\n e.style.marginRight = '1em';\n span.appendChild(e);\n });\n\n return span;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":712,"value":"call = (arg, prefix, suffix = '') => {\n const elem = [md`— \\`${prefix}(\\``, arg, md`\\`${suffix})\\` ⟶`];\n const span = html``;\n \n elem.forEach(e => {\n e.style.display = 'inline-block';\n e.style.verticalAlign = 'top';\n e.style.marginRight = '0.4em';\n span.appendChild(e);\n });\n \n return span;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":669,"value":"edge = label => md` — \\`${label}\\` ⟶`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":57,"value":"d3 = require('d3@6')","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":213,"value":"opacity = (c, value) => {\n c = d3.color(c);\n c.opacity = value;\n return c + '';\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":227,"value":"categories = d3.schemeTableau10\n .filter((c, i) => i !== 2)\n .map(c => opacity(d3.color(c).brighter(), 0.3))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":319,"value":"sortColors = domain => d3.scaleOrdinal()\n .domain(domain)\n .range(d3.schemeBlues[domain.length].map(c => opacity(c, 0.5)))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":61,"value":"groupColors = domain => d3.scaleOrdinal()\n .domain(domain)\n .range(categories)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W2f","stdlib":"1","titling":"auto"}} 2e:"$2d:body"