25:["$","title",null,{"children":"(New!) Conway’s Game of Life | Adam Krawitz | Observable"}] 49:T87a,const lifeSim = function(controls, sim, {rows = null, columns = null, init = null} = {}) { if (controls.reset || !sim) { // (Re)set the simulation sim = {}; // Determine number of rows (the larger of `rows` or rows in `init`, else set default) const initRows = init ? math.size(init)[0] : 0; sim.rows = (rows && init) ? math.max(rows, initRows) : rows ? rows : init ? initRows : 8; // Determine number of columns (the larger of `columns` or columns in `init`, else set default) const initColumns = init ? math.size(init)[1] : 0; sim.columns = (columns && init) ? math.max(columns, initColumns) : columns ? columns : init ? initColumns : 8; // Create current grid sim.gridCurrent = math.zeros([sim.rows, sim.columns]); // Initialize grid if (init) { const rowOffset = Math.floor((sim.rows - initRows) / 2); const columnOffset = Math.floor((sim.columns - initColumns) / 2); sim.gridCurrent = math.subset(sim.gridCurrent, math.index(math.range(rowOffset, rowOffset + initRows), math.range(columnOffset, columnOffset + initColumns)), math.squeeze(init)); } // Create next grid sim.gridNext = math.zeros([sim.rows, sim.columns]); // Setup the step count sim.step = 0; } else { // Update the grids and board math.forEach(sim.gridCurrent, (cell, [row, column]) => { // Count neighbors let count = 0; for(let drow = -1; drow <= 1; drow++) { for(let dcolumn = -1; dcolumn <= 1; dcolumn++) { if(drow !== 0 || dcolumn !== 0) { count += sim.gridCurrent[math.mod(row + drow, sim.rows)][math.mod(column + dcolumn, sim.columns)]; } } } // Update state according to rule const newState = (!cell && count === 3) || (cell && count === 2) || (cell && count === 3) ? 1 : 0; sim.gridNext[row][column] = newState; }); [sim.gridCurrent, sim.gridNext] = [sim.gridNext, sim.gridCurrent]; // Update the step count sim.step++; } return sim; };4a:T61e,const lifeViz = function(controls, viz, sim, {radius = 20} = {}) { if (controls.reset || !viz) { // (Re)set the simulation viz.replaceChildren(html`

Step: ${sim.step}

`); viz.svg = viz.querySelector('svg'); viz.span = viz.querySelector('span'); } else { // Update the board math.forEach(sim.gridCurrent, (cell, [row, column]) => { viz.svg.childNodes[row * sim.columns + column + 1].setAttribute('class', cell ? 'on' : 'off'); }); // Update the step viz.span.innerText = `Step: ${sim.step}`; } return viz; }4b:[] 29:{"id":"929faaa950f579e3","slug":null,"title":"(New!) Conway’s Game of Life","thumbnail":"9978325efd775007e7777364d2b62b1728a9f8cafaa36a6282207ebe2d5a0389","access_level":"unlisted","create_time":"$D2026-10-16T03:39:42.987Z","update_time":"$D2026-10-16T04:15:57.433Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2026-10-16T03:40:45.669Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":true,"stars":1,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"3861495db0d6917b","login":"akrawitz","name":"Adam Krawitz","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/232e39a655b3dffeaad79a6e590471290f026876224f3f7c9825f12c3f0147bc","tier":"starter_2024","bio":"Assistant Teaching Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.\nMy academic interests include cognitive neuroscience, computational modeling, and explorable explanations.","following":false},"version":2969,"publish_version":null,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"f056c267619fba67","login":"akrawitz","name":"Adam Krawitz","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/8b0aba291db32e92917b2b37e94c3c5568c23f50e1e769e8f76508b16293220c","tier":null,"bio":"Associate Teaching Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.","following":false}],"members":[{"type":"individual","id":"f056c267619fba67","login":"akrawitz","name":"Adam Krawitz","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/8b0aba291db32e92917b2b37e94c3c5568c23f50e1e769e8f76508b16293220c","tier":null,"role":"editor"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":false,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":0,"collection":null,"type":"notebook","body":{"titling":"auto","title":"(New!) Conway’s Game of Life","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"# (New!) Conway’s Game of Life","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2083,"value":"### Game time!\nLet's play a guessing game. Each of the five seeds below starts with five cells turned on within a three by three region.\n\n- One of these patterns will **disappear**.\n- One will form a **still life** (live cells, but nothing changing).\n- One will form an **oscillator**.\n- One will form a **spaceship** (a moving oscillator).\n- And one will **explode** for an extended time.\n\nCan you guess which is which? Seriously, give it a shot. Then run them...","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2111,"value":"const conGame = display(controls());","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2107,"value":"#### V.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2114,"value":"controller(conGame, lifeViz, lifeSim, {radius: 10, rows: 22, columns: 22, init: [\n [0,1,1,],\n [1,1,0,],\n [0,1,1,],\n]})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2089,"value":"#### W.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2119,"value":"controller(conGame, lifeViz, lifeSim, {radius: 10, rows: 22, columns: 22, init: [\n [0,0,1,],\n [0,1,1,],\n [1,1,0,],\n]})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2093,"value":"#### X.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2122,"value":"controller(conGame, lifeViz, lifeSim, {radius: 10, rows: 22, columns: 22, init: [\n [0,1,1,],\n [1,1,1,],\n [0,0,0,],\n]})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2099,"value":"#### Y.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2125,"value":"controller(conGame, lifeViz, lifeSim, {radius: 10, rows: 22, columns: 22, init: [\n [0,1,1,],\n [1,1,0,],\n [0,0,1,],\n]})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2103,"value":"#### Z.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2129,"value":"controller(conGame, lifeViz, lifeSim, {radius: 10, rows: 22, columns: 22, init: [\n [0,1,0,],\n [1,1,1,],\n [0,1,0,],\n]})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2169,"value":"Which was which? Were you able to figure it out in advance?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":914,"value":"## Definitions","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2546,"value":"### Simulation","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1512,"value":"Game of Life simulation.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1402,"value":"$49","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2548,"value":"### Visualization","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1516,"value":"Game of Life visualization - inspired by [Patterns in Conway’s Game of Life](https://observablehq.com/@mbostock/patterns-in-conways-game-of-life)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1406,"value":"$4a","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1543,"value":"CSS styles for the Game of Life visualization.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1524,"value":"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"html","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2566,"value":"## Resources","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1358,"value":"Load simulation controls.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1359,"value":"import {controls, controller} from 'observable:f9f9d3cf36d7c3c8';","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1373,"value":"Load [math.js](https://mathjs.org/), \"an extensive math library for JavaScript and Node.js\".","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1371,"value":"import * as math from 'npm:mathjs';","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W4b","stdlib":"2"}} 24:null