25:["$","title",null,{"children":"Projekt Human Evolution | FHOÖ Information Visualization | Observable"}] 49:T4b7,Plot.plot({ marks: [ Plot.barX(preparedData, {x: "start", x1:"end", y:"species", fill: d => d.isNanEnd ? "#F4B80D80" : "#F4B80D", sort: {x: "x1", reverse: true}, title: d => `Time: ${d.start} - ${d.isNanEnd ? "No Data" : d.end + " Million years ago"}`, }), Plot.ruleX([0,1,2,3, 4,5, 6,7,8], { stroke: "gray", strokeWidth: 0.1}) ], x: { reverse: true, // Reversiert die X-Achse domain: [0, 8], // Setzt den Bereich der X-Achse label: "Time (million years ago)" //Fügt ein Label zur X-Achse hinzu }, y: { label: "Species", // Fügt ein Label zur Y-Achse hinzu tickFormat: d => d, // Stellt sicher, dass die Y-Achse korrekt beschriftet wird labelOffset: 150, // Passt den Abstand der Achsenbeschriftung an textAnchor: "start" // Stellt sicher, dass die Y-Achse vollständig angezeigt wird }, width: 800, // Breite des Diagramms height: 600, // Höhe des Diagramms marginLeft:150, color: { domain: ["Has End Date", "No End Date"], // Beschriftungen für die Legende range: ["#F4B80D", "#F4B80D80"], legend: true } })4a:T482,legende = { // Specify the chart’s dimensions. const dimensions = Object({ width: 900, height: 50 }); const svg = d3.create("svg").attr("viewBox", [0, 0, dimensions.width, dimensions.height]); const data = countryColours == 2 ? dColour : hColour; // Create legend group const legend = svg.append('g') .attr('class', 'legend') .attr('transform', 'translate(20, 20)'); // Create legend items const legendItem = legend.selectAll('.legend-item') .data(data) .enter() .append('g') .attr('class', 'legend-item') .attr('transform', (d, i) => `translate(${i * 100}, 0)`); // Add rectangles for each legend item legendItem.append('rect') .attr('width', 11) .attr('height', 11) .attr('fill', d => d.colour); // Add text labels for each legend item legendItem.append('text') .attr('x', 20) .attr('y', 9) .attr('font-size', 11) .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .text(d => d.name); return svg.node(); }4b:T11ad,vis4 = { // Specify the chart’s dimensions. const dimensions = Object({ width: 900, height: 500 }); const svg = d3.create("svg").attr("viewBox", [0, 0, dimensions.width, dimensions.height]); const g0 = svg.append("g").attr("id", "all"); const g1 = svg.append("g").attr("id", "africa"); const mouseover = function(d) { d3.select(this) .style("opacity", .5) .style("stroke", "#4F2315") .style("stroke-width", 2) .style("cursor", "pointer"); }; const mouseleave = function(d) { d3.select(this) .style("opacity", 1) .style("stroke", "#555") .style("stroke-width", 1); } // create a string that contains all diets and habitats of species who lived in the given country const tooltipInfo = (d, country) => { let habitats; let diets; // fix problem with different country names for Chad if (country == "Chad"){ country = "Republic of Chad"; } for(let i = 0; i < d.length; i++){ if (d[i].Current_Country == country){ if (habitats && !habitats.includes(d[i].Habitat)){ habitats = habitats + ", " + d[i].Habitat; } else { habitats = d[i].Habitat; } if (diets && !diets.includes(d[i].Diet)){ diets = diets + ", " + d[i].Diet; } else { diets = d[i].Diet; } } } // don't add anything to 'all' if (habitats.includes("all")){ habitats = "all"; } return "habitats: " + habitats + "\r\ndiets: " + diets; }; // return the colour the country should get according to the chosen colour scheme const colour = (d, country) => { console.log(country); // fix problem with different country names for Chad if (country == "Chad"){ country = "Republic of Chad"; } // by Diets if (countryColours == 2){ let diets; for(let i = 0; i < d.length; i++){ if (d[i].Current_Country == country){ if (diets && !diets.includes(d[i].Diet)){ diets = diets + ", " + d[i].Diet; } else { diets = d[i].Diet; } } } // if there are different types, call it 'mixed' if (diets.includes(", ")){ diets = "mixed"; } // get colour from colour array for (let i = 0; i < hColour.length; i++){ if (dColour[i].name == diets){ return dColour[i].colour; } } } else { let habitats; for(let i = 0; i < d.length; i++){ if (d[i].Current_Country == country){ if (habitats && !habitats.includes(d[i].Habitat)){ habitats = habitats + ", " + d[i].Habitat; } else { habitats = d[i].Habitat; } } } // don't add anything to 'all' if (habitats.includes("all")){ habitats = "all"; } else if (habitats.includes(", ")){ // if there are different types, call it 'mixed' habitats = "mixed"; } console.log(habitats); console.log(hColour); // get colour from colour array for (let i = 0; i < hColour.length; i++){ if (hColour[i].name == habitats){ return hColour[i].colour; } } } } g0.append("path") .attr("id", "land") .attr("fill", "#F5E1AD") .style("opacity", .5) .attr("stroke", "none") .datum(topojson.feature(world, world.objects.land)); g0.append("path") .attr("id", "borders-all") .attr("fill", "none") .attr("stroke", "#8B6242") .datum(topojson.mesh(world, world.objects.countries, (a, b) => a !== b)); g0.append("path") .attr("id", "shore-all") .attr("fill", "none") .attr("stroke", "#44312B") .attr("stroke-width", 1) .datum(topojson.feature(world, world.objects.land)); g1.append("g") .attr("id", "countries-africa") .selectAll() .data(evCountries) .join("path") //.attr("fill", "#C57500") .attr("fill", d => colour(evData, d.properties.name)) .attr("stroke", "#555") .on("mouseover", mouseover) .on("mouseleave", mouseleave) .append("title") .text(d => `${d.properties.name}\r\n${tooltipInfo(evData, d.properties.name)}`); g1.append("path") .attr("id", "borders-africa") .attr("fill", "none") .attr("stroke", "#8B6242") .datum( topojson.mesh(africa0, africa0.objects.countries, (a, b) => a !== b) ); const path = d3.geoPath(projection); svg.selectAll("path").attr("d", path); return svg.node();}4c:T4a8,vis3 = { return vl.markPoint({ filled: true }) .data(jawData) .encode( vl.x().fieldQ('Time_from').axis({ title: "Time (million years ago)", tickMinStep: -1, titleFontSize: 11, titleFontWeight: 'normal', titleAnchor:'end' }).scale({ domain: [7,0] // Extend the x-axis one value beyond the maximum }), vl.y().fieldN('Jaw_Shape').axis({ title: null}), vl.size().sum('count').legend({ title: "Number of species" }), vl.color().fieldN("Jaw_Shape") .scale({range: ["#C57500", "#430802", "#96000B", "#F4B80D", "#545454"]}) .legend({ title: "Jaw shape", offset: 50 }), vl.fillOpacity().value(0.6), vl.strokeOpacity().value(0.8), vl.stroke().fieldN("Jaw_Shape") // Set stroke color based on the Jaw_Shape field .scale({ range: ["#C57500", "#430802", "#96000B", "#F4B80D", "#545454"] }), vl.strokeWidth().value(2), vl.tooltip([ { field: 'Jaw_Shape', title: 'Jaw shape' }, { field: 'count', title: 'Number of species' } // Add more fields as needed ]) ).width(600) .height(300) .padding({top: 10, bottom: 10, left: 10, right: 10}) .render()}4d:T8ad,

Diese evolutionären Anpassungen in der Kieferstruktur ging mit anderen signifikanten Veränderungen, insbesondere in der Körpergröße und dem Schädelvolumen einher. Während die frühen Hominiden eher klein und gedrungen waren, führte die Evolution zu einer Zunahme der Körpergröße. Diese Vergrößerung des Körpers ging oft, aber nicht immer, Hand in Hand mit einer Vergrößerung des Schädelvolumens. Zum Beispiel bei HHominino Orrorin Tugenensis, der vor etwa sechs Millionen Jahren lebte, nahm die Körpergröße, die auf durchschnittlich 120cm geschätzt wird, deutlich zu, während sein Gehirnvolumen kleiner war als das späterer Homininen blieb und eher dem moderner Schimpansen ähnelte. Dies zeigt, dass verschiedene evolutionäre Linien unterschiedliche Prioritäten bei der Anpassung hatten.

Die wachsende Körpergröße ermöglichte eine bessere Anpassung an verschiedene Umweltbedingungen und veränderte Fortbewegungsmuster. Die Zunahme des Schädelvolumens, die in späteren Hominiden auftrat, war jedoch entscheidend für die Entwicklung komplexer kognitiver Fähigkeiten. So zeigt die Evolution des Menschen ein komplexes Zusammenspiel verschiedener anatomischer Veränderungen, bei denen die Beziehung zwischen Körpergröße und Schädelvolumen nicht immer linear verläuft.

Im Gegensatz dazu stellt Homo Heidelbergensis mit einer beeindruckende Körpergröße von etwa 175cm eine der größten frühen Homininen dar und auch sein Schädelvolumen, welches zwischen 1100 und 1400 Kubikzentimetern lag, zeigte eine bedeutende Zunahme im Vergleich zu früheren Spezies, was auf fortgeschrittenere kognitive Fähigkeiten hinweist.

Die Zunahme der Gehirngröße bei Homininen ging Hand in Hand mit einer energiereicheren Ernährung, insbesondere durch den Verzehr von Fleisch und gekochten Lebensmitteln, die mehr Kalorien und Nährstoffe lieferten. Diese Ernährungsumstellung ermöglichte die Entwicklung eines größeren Gehirns, das wiederum komplexere Denkprozesse und soziale Interaktionen förderte. Auch ein Zuwachs in der Körpergröße, erforderte eine höhere Gesamtenergiezufuhr, was durch verbesserte Jagdtechniken und Werkzeugnutzung unterstützt wurde.

4e:T1b70,vis5 = { // Specify the chart’s dimensions. const dimensions = Object({ width: 600, height: 650 }); const margins = Object({ top: 80, left: 30, right: 10, bottom: 45 }) const circleRad = 5; const focusRad = 9; // Define colours /*const colour = d3.scaleOrdinal() .domain(d3.extent(evData, d => d.Genus_Specie)) .range(["#C57500", "#F4B80D", "#F1E34F", "#C6A03E", "#96000B", "#4F2315", "#8B6242", "#66462D", "#545454", "#737373", "#E7600F", "#430802", "#9D9D9D", "#822500", "#90320E", "#B63B11", "#FFD408", "#5B0F02", "#614F3B", "#B75504", "#C57500", "#873F17", "#6D3B24", "#F5E1AD"]);*/ // Define the horizontal scale const x = d3.scaleLinear() .domain([d3.max(evData, d => d.Time_from)+.5, d3.min(evData, d => d.Time_from)]).nice() .range([margins.left, dimensions.width - 1.5 * margins.right]); // Define the vertical scale for body height const y1 = d3.scaleLinear() .domain([d3.min(evData, d => d.Median_Height)-10,d3.max(evData, d => d.Median_Height)+10]).nice() .range([dimensions.height - margins.bottom, margins.top]); // Define the vertical scale for cranial capacity const y2 = d3.scaleLinear() .domain([d3.min(evData, d => d.Median_Cranial_Capacity)-10,d3.max(evData, d => d.Median_Cranial_Capacity)+10]).nice() .range([dimensions.height - margins.bottom, margins.top]); // Create the container SVG. const svg = d3.create("svg") .attr("width", dimensions.width * 2) .attr("height", dimensions.height) .attr("viewBox", [0, 0, dimensions.width * 2, dimensions.height]) .attr("style", "max-width: 100%; height: auto;"); const chart1 = svg.append("g"); const chart2 = svg.append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(${dimensions.width + margins.right },0)`); // events for interaction const handleMouseExit = () => { d3.selectAll(`.highlightedElement`).transition().attr("r", 0).remove(); d3.selectAll(`.tooltip`) .transition() .attr("height", 0) .attr("width", 0) .attr("x", dimensions.width / 2) .attr("y", dimensions.height / 2); }; const handleClick = (data, species, time, height, brain) => { handleMouseExit(); chart1 .append("circle") .attr("class", `highlightedElement`) .on("click", (event) => { handleMouseExit(); }) .attr("cx", x(data[time])) .attr("cy", y1(data[height])) .attr("fill", "#430802")//colour(data[species])) .attr("stroke", "#430802") .style("cursor", "pointer") .transition() .attr("r", focusRad) .attr("stroke-width", "2px") .attr("fill-opacity", ".8"); chart2 .append("circle") .attr("class", `highlightedElement`) .on("click", (event) => { handleMouseExit(); }) .attr("cx", x(data[time])) .attr("cy", y2(data[brain])) .attr("fill", "#430802")//colour(data[species])) .attr("stroke", "#430802") .style("cursor", "pointer") .transition() .attr("r", focusRad) .attr("stroke-width", "2px") .attr("fill-opacity", ".8"); chart1 .append("text") .attr("class", 'tooltipTitle') .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .text(`${data[species]}`) .attr("class", `highlightedElement`) .attr("font-size", "18") .attr("font-weight", "bold") .attr("fill", "#333333") .attr("text-anchor", "middle") .attr("x", dimensions.width) .attr("y", "20"); chart1 .append("text") .attr("class", 'tooltipTitle') .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .text(`height: ${data[height]}cm; cranial capacity: ${data[brain]}cc; diet: ${data["Diet"]}`) .attr("class", `highlightedElement`) .attr("font-size", "16") .attr("font-weight", "bold") .attr("fill", "#333333") .attr("text-anchor", "middle") .attr("x", dimensions.width) .attr("y", "40"); }; // Add the axes chart 1 svg.append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(0,${dimensions.height - margins.bottom})`) .call(d3.axisBottom(x)) .call(g => g.append("text") .attr("x", (dimensions.width - margins.right)) .attr("y", 30) .attr("font-size", 13) .attr("fill", "#000") .attr("text-anchor", "end") .text("Time (million years ago)")); svg.append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(${margins.left},0)`) .call(d3.axisLeft(y1)) .call(g => g.select(".tick:last-of-type text").clone() .attr("x", 4) .attr("font-size", 13) .attr("text-anchor", "start") .text("Height (cm)")); // Add the axes chart 2 svg.append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(${dimensions.width + margins.right },${dimensions.height - margins.bottom})`) .call(d3.axisBottom(x)) .call(g => g.append("text") .attr("x", (dimensions.width - margins.right)) .attr("y", 30) .attr("font-size", 13) .attr("fill", "#000") .attr("text-anchor", "end") .text("Time (million years ago)")); svg.append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(${dimensions.width + margins.left + margins.right},0)`) .call(d3.axisLeft(y2)) .call(g => g.select(".tick:last-of-type text").clone() .attr("x", 4) .attr("font-size", 13) .attr("text-anchor", "start") .text("Cranial capacity (cc)")); // Append a circle for each body height data point. //d => colour(d.Genus_Specie)) chart1 .attr("stroke-width", 1.5) .selectAll("circle") .data(filteredData) .join("circle") .attr("cx", d => x(d.Time_from)) .attr("cy", d => y1(d.Median_Height)) .attr("r", circleRad) .attr("fill-opacity", 0.4) .attr("stroke", "#F4B80D")//d => colour(d.Genus_Specie)) .attr("fill", "#F4B80D")//d => colour(d.Genus_Specie)) .style("cursor", "pointer") .on("click", (event) => { const data = event["target"]["__data__"]; handleClick(data, "Genus_Specie", "Time_from", "Median_Height", "Median_Cranial_Capacity"); }) .append("title") .text(d => `${d.Genus_Specie}\n${d.Median_Height}cm\nDiet: ${d.Diet}`); // Append a circle for each cranial capacity data point. //d => colour(d.Genus_Specie)) chart2 .attr("stroke-width", 1.5) .selectAll("circle") .data(filteredData) .join("circle") .attr("cx", d => x(d.Time_from)) .attr("cy", d => y2(d.Median_Cranial_Capacity)) .attr("r", circleRad) .attr("fill-opacity", 0.4) .attr("stroke", "#96000B")//d => colour(d.Genus_Specie)) .attr("fill", "#96000B")//d => colour(d.Genus_Specie)) .style("cursor", "pointer") .on("click", (event) => { const data = event["target"]["__data__"]; handleClick(data, "Genus_Specie", "Time_from", "Median_Height", "Median_Cranial_Capacity"); }) .append("title") .text(d => `${d.Genus_Specie}\n${d.Median_Cranial_Capacity}cc\nDiet: ${d.Diet}`); yield svg.node(); }4f:Ted3,vis6 = { // Specify the chart’s dimensions. const dimensions = Object({ width: 1200, height: 400 }); const margins = Object({ top: 30, left: 15, right: 15, bottom: 35 }) // Define colours const colour = d3.scaleOrdinal() .domain(["modern", "high probability", "low probability", "yes"]) .range(["#F5E1AD", "#C57500", "#8B6242", "#F4B80D"]); const tooltips = d3.scaleOrdinal() .domain(["bipedyes", "bipedhigh probability", "bipedlow probability", "bipedmodern", "Footswalk", "Footsclimbing", "Armsclimbing", "Armsmanipulate", "Armsmanipulate with precision", "Tecnono", "Tecnolikely", "Tecnoyes"]) .range(["Walked on two legs", "Probably walked on two legs", "Probably could not walk on two legs", "Gait like that of modern humans", "Feet were primarily used for walking", "Feet were used for climbing", "Arms were used for climbing", "Hands were used for manipulating tools", "Hands were used for precise work", "No use of tools", "Probably no use of tools", "Use of tools"]); const sankey = d3.sankey() .nodeSort(null) .linkSort(null) .nodeWidth(10) .nodePadding(20) .extent([[margins.left, margins.top], [dimensions.width, dimensions.height]]); const svg = d3.create("svg") .attr("viewBox", [0, 0, dimensions.width, dimensions.height]) .attr("width", dimensions.width) .attr("height", dimensions.height) .attr("style", "max-width: 100%; height: auto;"); const {nodes, links} = sankey({ nodes: graph.nodes.map(d => Object.create(d)), links: graph.links.map(d => Object.create(d)) }); // axis labels svg.append("text") .text("Biped") .attr("y", 15) .attr("x", 10) .attr("font-size", "16") .attr("font-weight", "bold") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("fill", "black"); svg.append("text") .text("Legs") .attr("y", 15) .attr("x", (dimensions.width/3-20)) .attr("font-size", "16") .attr("font-weight", "bold") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("fill", "black"); svg.append("text") .text("Arms") .attr("y", 15) .attr("x", (dimensions.width/3*2-20)) .attr("font-size", "16") .attr("font-weight", "bold") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("fill", "black"); svg.append("text") .text("Tools") .attr("y", 15) .attr("x", (dimensions.width-45)) .attr("font-size", "16") .attr("font-weight", "bold") .attr("font-family", "sans-serif") .attr("fill", "black"); // Append Axis svg.append("g") .selectAll("rect") .data(nodes) .join("rect") .attr("x", d => d.x0) .attr("y", d => d.y0) .attr("height", d => d.y1 - d.y0) .attr("width", d => d.x1 - d.x0) .attr("fill", "#44312B") .append("title") .text(d => tooltips(`${d.key}${d.name}`));//d => `${d.name}\n${d.value.toLocaleString()}`); // Draw paths between attributes svg.append("g") .attr("fill", "none") .selectAll("g") .data(links) .join("path") .attr("d", d3.sankeyLinkHorizontal()) .attr("stroke", d => colour(d.names[0])) .attr("stroke-width", d => d.width) .style("mix-blend-mode", "multiply"); //.append("title") //.text(d => `${d.names.join(" → ")}\n${d.value.toLocaleString()}`); // Add Attribute values as text svg.append("g") .style("font", "bold 12px sans-serif ") .selectAll("text") .data(nodes) .join("text") .attr("x", d => d.x0 < width / 2 ? d.x1 + 6 : d.x0 - 6) .attr("y", d => (d.y1 + d.y0) / 2) .attr("dy", "0.35em") .attr("text-anchor", d => d.x0 < width / 2 ? "start" : "end") .text(d => d.name) .append("tspan") .attr("fill-opacity", 0.7) .text(d => ` (${d.value.toLocaleString()})`); return svg.node(); }50:T11db,vis7 = { // Specify the chart’s dimensions const dimensions = Object({ width: 600, height: 400 }); const margins = Object({ top: 20, left: 40, right: 10, bottom: 40 }); // Determine the series that need to be stacked. const series = d3.stack() .order(d3.stackOrderDescending) .keys(d3.union(toolData.map(d => d.Tecno_type))) // distinct series keys, in input order .value(([, group], key) => group.get(key)?.count) // get value for each series key and stack (d3.index(toolData, d => d.Time_from, d => d.Tecno_type)); // group by stack then series key console.log(series); // Define colours const colour = d3.scaleOrdinal() .domain(["no", "primitive", "mode 1", "mode 2", "mode 3", "mode 4"]) .range(["#430802", "#6D3B24", "#822500", "#C57500", "#F4B80D", "#F5E1AD"]); // Define tooltips const tooltips = d3.scaleOrdinal() .domain(["no", "primitive", "mode 1", "mode 2", "mode 3", "mode 4"]) .range(["No tools", "Primitive stone tools, such as cutting and striking tools, to separate meat from animal bones and thereby expand the diet.", "Early stone tools, known as Oldowan tools, included simple cutting and striking instruments that significantly facilitated food acquisition and processing.", "Hand axes and cleavers indicate a more advanced understanding of material processing and an improved cognitive ability.", "Advanced tools, such as the Levallois technique for producing precisely shaped stone tools and scrapers, which were used for hunting and processing animal hides.", "Complex tools made from bone, ivory, and stone, as well as the invention of the spear and bow, revolutionized hunting techniques and contributed to cultural evolution."]); // Declare the x (horizontal position) scale const x = d3.scaleBand() .domain(d3.groupSort(toolData, D => -d3.sum(D, d => d.count), d => d.Time_from)) .range([dimensions.width - margins.right, margins.left]) .padding(0.1); // Declare the y (vertical position) scale const y = d3.scaleLinear() .domain([0, d3.max(series, d => d3.max(d, d => d[1]))]) .range([dimensions.height - margins.bottom, margins.top]); // Create the SVG container. const svg = d3.create("svg") .attr("width", dimensions.width) .attr("height", dimensions.height) .attr("viewBox", [0, 0, dimensions.width, dimensions.height]) .attr("style", "max-width: 100%; height: auto;"); const mouseover = function(d) { d3.select(this) .style("opacity", .5) } const mouseleave = function(d) { d3.select(this) .style("opacity", 1) } // Add a rect for each bar. svg.append("g") .selectAll() .data(series) .join("g") .attr("fill", d => colour(d.key)) .selectAll("rect") .data(D => D.map(d => (d.key = D.key, d))) .join("rect") .attr("x", d => x(d.data[0])) .attr("y", d => y(d[1])) .attr("height", d => y(d[0]) - y(d[1])) .attr("width", (x.bandwidth()/3)) .on("mouseover", mouseover) .on("mouseleave", mouseleave) .append("title") .text(d => `${tooltips(d.key)}`); // Add the x-axis and label. /*svg.append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(0,${dimensions.height - margins.bottom})`) .call(d3.axisBottom(x).tickSizeOuter(0));*/ svg.append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(0,${dimensions.height - margins.bottom})`) .call(d3.axisBottom(x) .ticks(Math.ceil(d3.max(series, d => d3.max(d, d => d[1])))) // Set the number of ticks .tickFormat(d3.format("d"))) .call(g => g.append("text") .attr("x", dimensions.width) .attr("y", 30) .attr("font-size", 11) .attr("fill", "#000") .attr("text-anchor", "end") .text("Time (million years ago)")); // Add the y-axis and label, and remove the domain line svg.append("g") .attr("transform", `translate(${margins.left},0)`) .call(d3.axisLeft(y) .ticks(Math.ceil(d3.max(series, d => d3.max(d, d => d[1])))) // Set the number of ticks .tickFormat(d3.format("d")) .tickSize(0)) .call(g => g.select(".domain").remove()) .call(g => g.append("text") .attr("x", -margins.left) .attr("y", 10) .attr("fill", "#000") .attr("font-size", 13) .attr("text-anchor", "start") .text("Number of species")); // Return the chart with the color scale as a property (for the legend). return Object.assign(svg.node(), {scales: {colour}}); }51:T650, evolutionData = [ { "species": "Australopithecus Afarensis", "start": 3.9, "end": 2.9}, { "species": "Australopithecus Africanus", "start": 3.5, "end": 2.4}, { "species": "Australopithecus Anamensis", "start": 4.2, "end": 3.9 }, { "species": "Australopithecus Bahrelghazali", "start": 3.5, "end": 3.0 }, { "species": "Australopithecus Garhi", "start": 2.5, "end": null }, { "species": "Australopithecus Sediba", "start": 1.9, "end": null}, { "species": "Ardipithecus Ramidus", "start": 4.0, "end": null }, { "species": "Orrorin Tugenensis", "start": 6.0, "end": null }, { "species": "Sahelanthropus Tchadensis", "start": 7.0, "end": null}, { "species": "Homo Antecessor", "start": 1, "end": 0.8 }, { "species": "Homo Erectus", "start": 1.3, "end": 1.1 }, { "species": "Homo Ergaster", "start": 1.8, "end": 1.4 }, { "species": "Homo Floresiensis", "start": 0.1, "end": 0.05 }, { "species": "Homo Georgicus", "start": 1.8, "end": null }, { "species": "Homo Habilis", "start": 2.5, "end": 1.6 }, { "species": "Homo Heidelbergensis", "start": 0.5, "end": 0.25 }, { "species": "Homo Naledi", "start": 0.3, "end": 0.225 }, { "species": "Homo Neanderthalensis", "start": 0.23, "end": 0.04 }, { "species": "Homo Rhodesiensis", "start": 0.6, "end": 0.125 }, { "species": "Homo Rudolfensis", "start": 2.8, "end": 1.9 }, { "species": "Homo Sapiens", "start": 0.3, "end": 0.0 }, { "species": "Paranthropus Aethiopicus", "start": 2.6, "end": null }, { "species": "Paranthropus Boisei", "start": 2.3, "end": 1.2 }, { "species": "Paranthropus Robustus", "start": 1.9, "end": 1 } ]; 52:T46e,graph = { const keys = ["biped", "Foots", "Arms", "Tecno"]; let index = -1; const nodes = []; const nodeByKey = new d3.InternMap([], JSON.stringify); const indexByKey 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Keck","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/0f537a0f64fadffd6bdc89fc8ec0139996ce692d1483c1a1c1a9ef22b7462ec4","tier":null,"bio":"","followed_by_you":false,"follows_you":false}],"members":[{"type":"individual","id":"65ffd534de330094","login":"mandykeck","name":"Mandy Keck","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/0f537a0f64fadffd6bdc89fc8ec0139996ce692d1483c1a1c1a9ef22b7462ec4","tier":null,"role":"editor"},{"type":"team","id":"4fbb25fe821f18db","login":"fhooe-infovis","name":"FHOÖ Information Visualization","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/ed8c4512a4de73fcd51f2a548db547555258287f869eea03112d4859ccbac5c3","tier":"education_2026","role":"viewer"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":false,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":0,"collection":{"id":"a8ce4ca2faec60f1","slug":"open-house","title":"Open House","owner":{"id":"4fbb25fe821f18db","login":"fhooe-infovis","name":"FHOÖ Information Visualization"}},"type":"notebook","body":{"titling":"auto","title":"Projekt Human Evolution","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"# Projekt Human Evolution ","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":20,"value":"_Petra Böhm, Hannah Romagna_","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":7,"value":"**Die Evolution des Menschen**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1383,"value":"banner_dunkel = FileAttachment(\"Banner_dunkel.png\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":9,"value":"Die Evolution des Menschen begann vor etwa 7 Millionen Jahren in Afrika, als sich die Entwicklung des letzten gemeinsamen Vorfahren von Schimpansen und Menschen aufspaltete. Aus dieser Aufspaltung gingen die Hominiden hervor, die den modernen Menschen und seine ausgestorbenen Vorfahren umfassen. Durch sich verändernde Umwelteinflüsse mussten sich diese Vorfahren immer wieder anpassen und weiterentwickeln. Vor etwa 200.000 Jahren entstand in Afrika der moderne Mensch (Homo sapiens), die einzige heute noch existierende Art der Menschen. \n\nVor rund 100.000 Jahren verließen die ersten Homo sapiens Afrika, um die Welt zu erkunden. Dieser Aufbruch markierte einen wichtigen Meilenstein in der Menschheitsgeschichte. Die ältesten bekannten menschlichen Schädel, etwa sieben Millionen Jahre alt, wurden im Tschad, Zentralafrika, entdeckt und weisen Merkmale auf, die eine Übergangsform zwischen Affen und Menschen zeigen.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":13,"value":"## **Eine Reise durch die Zeit der menschlichen Entwicklung**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1249,"value":"Die Entwicklung der Gattung Homo ist eine faszinierende Reise durch die Zeit, die uns Einblick in die evolutionären Kräfte gibt, die den modernen Menschen hervorgebracht haben. Von den ersten Hominiden, die sich vor etwa 6 bis 7 Millionen Jahren von den gemeinsamen Vorfahren mit den Schimpansen abspalteten, bis zu Homo sapiens, der vor etwa 300.000 Jahren auftauchte, zeigt die Geschichte der Gattung Homo eine bemerkenswerte Anpassungsfähigkeit und Innovationskraft.\n\nDer letzte gemeinsame Vorfahre von Menschen und Schimpansen repräsentierte einen wichtigen Punkt in der Evolution. Die Trennung dieser Linien markiert den Beginn der Entwicklung der menschlichen Vorfahren, die schließlich zur Gattung Homo führen sollte. Die folgenden Millionen Jahre waren geprägt von zahlreichen evolutionären Experimenten und Anpassungen an die sich ändernden Umweltbedingungen.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2545,"value":"$49","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1251,"value":"## **Ein Überblick über die Gattung Homo**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1259,"value":"Australopithecinen lebten vor etwa 4 bis 2 Millionen Jahren in Afrika und sind als direkte Vorläufer der Gattung Homo zu sehen. Diese frühen Hominiden, zu denen berühmte Arten wie Australopithecus afarensis gehören, waren bereits auf zwei Beinen unterwegs, eine wichtige Anpassung, die die Hände für andere Aufgaben frei machte. Sie lebten hauptsächlich in den offenen Savannen und Waldlandschaften Afrikas, insbesondere im heutigen Ostafrika.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1285,"value":"australoithKleioOrg = FileAttachment(\"australoith- kleio.org.png\").image({ width: 250 })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1253,"value":"_Abb.1: Australopithecinen: Die Vorläufer der Gattung Homo_","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1262,"value":"Homo habilis, der vor etwa 2,5 bis 1,8 Millionen Jahren lebte, markiert den Übergang zur Gattung Homo. Diese Art war eine der ersten, die systematisch Werkzeuge aus Stein herstellte und nutzte, was einen bedeutenden evolutionären Schritt darstellt. Fossilien von Homo habilis wurden hauptsächlich in Ostafrika, insbesondere in der Olduvai-Schlucht in Tansania und im Turkana-Becken in Kenia, entdeckt.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1289,"value":"homoHabilisJohn_gurche = FileAttachment(\"Homo habilis-John_Gurche.png\").image({ width: 250 })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1255,"value":"_Abb.2: Homo habilis: Der „geschickte Mensch“ _","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1266,"value":"Homo erectus war eine der erfolgreichsten und langlebigsten Arten der Gattung Homo. Diese Art lebte vor etwa 1,9 Millionen bis 110.000 Jahren und war die erste, die Afrika verließ und sich weit über Eurasien ausbreitete. Homo erectus hatte ein größeres Gehirn und einen robusteren Körperbau als seine Vorgänger und war bekannt für die Herstellung komplexerer Werkzeuge und die Nutzung von Feuer.\nDie frühesten Fossilien von Homo erectus stammen aus Ostafrika, insbesondere aus Regionen wie dem Turkana-See in Kenia und der Olduvai-Schlucht in Tansania. Der Homo erectus breitete sich schnell nach Asien aus, mit bedeutenden Fossilfunden in Georgien (Dmanisi) und später in China (Peking-Mensch) und Indonesien (Java-Mensch).","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1292,"value":"homoErectusThecollector = FileAttachment(\"Homo erectus-TheCollector.png\").image({ width: 350 })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1264,"value":"_Abb.3: Homo erectus: Der Pionier der Migration _","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1270,"value":"Homo heidelbergensis lebte vor etwa 600.000 bis 200.000 Jahren und gilt als gemeinsamer Vorfahre der Neandertaler und des modernen Menschen. Diese Art hatte ein großes Gehirn und benutzte fortgeschrittene Werkzeuge, was auf eine komplexere Jagdtechnik hinweist. Fossilien von Homo heidelbergensis wurden in Europa, Afrika und Westasien gefunden. Bedeutende Fossilien wurden in Deutschland (Heidelberg), Griechenland (Petralona) und Spanien (Sima de los Huesos) entdeckt. Fossilienfunde in Äthiopien (Bodo) und Südafrika (Kabwe) zeigen, dass Homo heidelbergensis auch in Afrika verbreitet war.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1298,"value":"homoHeidelbergensisSmithsonian = FileAttachment(\"Homo heidelbergensis-Smithsonian.png\").image({ width: 350 })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1268,"value":"_Abb.4: Homo heidelbergensis: Der Vorfahre der Neandertaler und modernen Menschen_","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1276,"value":"Homo neanderthalensis, bekannt als Neandertaler, lebte vor etwa 400.000 bis 40.000 Jahren in Europa und Westasien. Diese robusten Menschen waren hervorragend an die kalten Klimabedingungen der Eiszeit angepasst und entwickelten komplexe Werkzeuge, Jagdstrategien und kulturelle Praktiken. Sie lebten in Höhlen und bauten einfache Unterkünfte. Fossilien von Neandertalern wurden weit verbreitet in Europa (z. B. Deutschland, Frankreich) und Westasien (z. B. Israel, Irak) gefunden.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1301,"value":"neandertalerWelt = FileAttachment(\"Neandertaler-Welt.png\").image({ width: 350 })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1274,"value":"_Abb.5: Neandertaler (Homo neanderthalensis): Meister der Kaltzeit_","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1280,"value":"Homo sapiens erschien vor etwa 300.000 Jahren in Afrika und repräsentiert die Anfänge des modernen Menschen. Frühzeitige Homo sapiens waren technologisch und kulturell fortgeschrittener als ihre Vorgänger. Sie entwickelten Werkzeuge, Kunst, komplexe soziale Strukturen und Sprache.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1305,"value":"homoSapiensKinderzeitmaschine = FileAttachment(\"Homo sapiens-Kinderzeitmaschine.png\").image({ width: 250 })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1282,"value":"_Abb.6: Homo sapiens: Der moderne Mensch_","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2979,"value":"Die ältesten Fossilien von Homo sapiens stammen aus Marokko (Jebel Irhoud) und Äthiopien (Omo-Kibish).\nVor etwa 70.000 Jahren begannen Homo sapiens aus Afrika auszuwandern und besiedelten Eurasien, Australien und später die Amerikas. Diese globale Migration ermöglichte es ihnen, sich an eine Vielzahl von Umwelten anzupassen und eine breite Palette kultureller und technologischer Innovationen zu entwickeln.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1371,"value":"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3107,"value":"## **Man ist was man isst: Von neuen Habitaten und Ernährungsformen**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3104,"value":"

Die frühen Homininen lebten hauptsächlich in den offenen Savannen und Wäldern Afrikas, wo sie sich von einer Mischung aus Früchten, Nüssen und Wurzeln ernährten. Die Anpassung an verschiedene Habitate ermöglichte es ihnen, auch in Küstenregionen und Flussufern Nahrung wie Fisch und Meeresfrüchte in ihre Ernährung einzubeziehen. Diese vielseitige Ernährungsweise und die Fähigkeit, sich an unterschiedliche Umgebungen anzupassen, waren entscheidend für das Überleben und die Weiterentwicklung der Homininen.

Als Homininen, wie Homo erectus, begannen neue Habitate außerhalb Afrikas zu besiedeln, einschließlich Asien und Europa wurde ihre Ernährung vielfältiger, da sie lernten, Tiere zu jagen und durch die Nutzung von Feuer Nahrung zuzubereiten, was die Nährstoffaufnahme verbesserte. In den neuen Habitaten passten sie sich an verschiedene klimatische Bedingungen an, von tropischen Regenwäldern bis zu kälteren Steppen und Wäldern.

Um sich an die unterschiedliche Ernährungsweisen anzupassen, veränderte sich im Laufe der Zeit deutlich die Kieferform der Homininen. Sie entwickelte sich von einer konischen Form bei frühen Arten, die breite Backenzähne für das Kauen harter Pflanzenmaterialien benötigten.

Mit Homo erectus begann sich der Kiefer zu einer U-Form zu entwickeln, passend zu ihrer abwechslungsreicheren Ernährung, die zunehmend Fleisch einschloss. Spätere Homininen wie Homo neanderthalensis hatten V-förmige Kiefer, die auf eine weitere Spezialisierung und eine gemischte Diät hinwiesen. Schließlich entwickelte sich bei Homo sapiens der Kiefer zur sehr modernen, abgerundeten Form, die den Verzehr von gekochten und verarbeiteten Lebensmitteln begünstigte und kleinere Zähne aufwies.

Ein bedeutender Evolutionsschritt war der aufrechte Gang, der die Nutzung der Hände für andere Zwecke ermöglichte. Mit frei gewordenen Händen konnten Homininen Werkzeuge herstellen und verwenden, was ihre Anpassungsfähigkeit und Überlebenschancen erhöhte.

Die ersten Werkzeuge waren einfache Steinabschläge, die etwa vor 2,6 Millionen Jahren auftraten. Mit der Zeit wurden die Werkzeuge komplexer, wie Speere und Handäxte. Der präzise Einsatz der Hände erforderte eine feine motorische Kontrolle und förderte die Entwicklung des Gehirns. Der Werkzeuggebrauch war eng mit dem Bedürfnis verbunden, Nahrung zu verarbeiten, zu jagen und sich zu verteidigen, und beeinflusste somit direkt die Entwicklung des menschlichen Körpers und Geistes.

Die Entwicklung des Werkzeugeinsatzes bei Homininen markiert einen entscheidenden Schritt in der menschlichen Evolution. Frühe Homininen wie Australopithecus benutzten vermutlich einfache Steinwerkzeuge, um Nahrung zu zerkleinern und Zugang zu Fleisch zu erhalten. Mit Homo habilis, oft als \"geschickter Mensch\" bezeichnet, wurden Werkzeuge raffinierter und vielfältiger. Diese frühen Steinwerkzeuge, bekannt als Oldowan-Werkzeuge, umfassten einfache Schneide- und Schlaginstrumente, die die Nahrungsbeschaffung und -verarbeitung erheblich erleichterten.

Später, mit Homo erectus, entstanden die Acheuléen-Werkzeuge, die durch ihre Symmetrie und Präzision beeindruckten. Handäxte und Cleaver zeugen von einem fortschrittlicheren Verständnis der Materialbearbeitung und einer verbesserten kognitiven Fähigkeit. Der Einsatz von Feuer zur Werkzeugherstellung und -nutzung zeigt eine weitere bedeutende Entwicklung in dieser Periode.

Schließlich führte Homo sapiens die Werkzeugtechnologie zu neuen Höhen. Komplexe Werkzeuge aus Knochen, Elfenbein und Stein, sowie die Erfindung des Speers und Bogens, revolutionierten Jagdtechniken und trugen zur kulturellen Evolution bei. Der Fortschritt im Werkzeugeinsatz spiegelt die zunehmende Intelligenz und Anpassungsfähigkeit der Homininen wider, die entscheidend für ihr Überleben und ihren Erfolg war.

","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":709,"value":"## **Code Abschnitte**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":637,"value":"_Visualisierung 1_","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":57,"value":"currentYear = new Date().getFullYear() / 1e6;","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":162,"value":"transparentEndYear = 1.4;\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":64,"value":" preparedData = evolutionData.map(d => ({\n ...d,\n end: d.end === null ? transparentEndYear : d.end,\n isNanEnd: d.end === null\n}));","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":22,"value":"$51","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2839,"value":"_Visualisierung 3_","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2986,"value":"import { world110m as world } from \"@visionscarto/geo\"","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2988,"value":"topojson.merge(world, world.objects.countries.geometries)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3000,"value":"evCountries = topojson\n .feature(world, world.objects.countries)\n .features.filter((d) => {\n const c = d3.geoCentroid(d);\n return (d.properties.name==\"South Africa\") || (d.properties.name==\"Indonesia\") || (d.properties.name==\"Ethiopia\") || \n (d.properties.name==\"Spain\") || (d.properties.name==\"Kenya\") || (d.properties.name==\"Georgia\") || \n (d.properties.name==\"Chad\") || (d.properties.name==\"Germany\") || (d.properties.name==\"Georgia\");\n })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3002,"value":"africa0 = topojson.topology({\n countries: { type: \"FeatureCollection\", features: evCountries }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3021,"value":"africa = topojson.merge(africa0, africa0.objects.countries.geometries)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3193,"value":"hColour = [\n {name : \"all\", colour : \"#C57500\"},\n {name : \"mixed\", colour : \"#430802\"}, \n {name : \"jungle\", colour : \"#F4B80D\"}, \n {name : \"cold forest\", colour : \"#8B6242\"},\n {name : \"savannah\", colour : \"#96000B\"}];","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3196,"value":"dColour = [\n {name : \"mixed\", colour : \"#430802\"}, \n {name : \"carnivorous\", colour : \"#96000B\"},\n {name : \"omnivore\", colour : \"#C57500\"},\n {name : \"dry fruits\", colour : \"#F4B80D\"}, \n {name : \"hard fruits\", colour : \"#8B6242\"}];","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3023,"value":"projection = d3geo\n .geoMiller()\n .fitExtent(\n [\n [50, 50],\n [900 - 50, 500 - 50]// width & height\n ],\n africa\n )\n .clipExtent([\n [-2, -2],\n [900 + 2, 500 + 2]// width & height\n ])","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3025,"value":"topojson = require(\"topojson-client@3\", \"topojson-server@3\")","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3028,"value":"d3geo = require(\"d3@7\", \"d3-geo-projection@4\")","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2016,"value":"_Visualisierung 4_","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2786,"value":"jawData = {\n let data = d3.rollup(filteredData1, v => v.length, d => d.Jaw_Shape, d => (Math.ceil(d.Time_from)-.5)); // round for binning\n let arr = [];\n let s = data.size;\n for (let [key, value] of data) {\n let len = value.length;\n for (let [key2, value2] of value){\n arr.push({\n Jaw_Shape: key,\n Time_from: key2,\n count: value2\n });\n }\n }\n return arr;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2709,"value":"filteredData1 = evData.filter((d) => {\n if (dietFilter == 1 && d.Diet !== \"omnivore\"){\n return false;\n }\n if (dietFilter == 2 && d.Diet !== \"carnivorous\"){\n return false;\n }\n if (dietFilter == 3 && d.Diet !== \"soft fruits\" && d.Diet !== \"dry fruits\" && d.Diet !== \"hard fruits\"){\n return false;\n }\n return true;\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2034,"value":"_Visualisierung 5_","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1392,"value":"evData = FileAttachment(\"data_summary@1.csv\").csv({typed: true});","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2108,"value":"filteredData = evData.filter((d) => {\n if (diet == 1 && d.Diet !== \"omnivore\"){\n return false;\n }\n if (diet == 2 && d.Diet !== \"carnivorous\"){\n return false;\n }\n if (diet == 3 && d.Diet !== \"soft fruits\" && d.Diet !== \"dry fruits\" && d.Diet !== \"hard fruits\"){\n return false;\n }\n return true;\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2993,"value":"_Visualisierung 6_","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1648,"value":"$52","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1657,"value":"d3 = require(\"d3@7\", \"d3-sankey@0.12\")","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2334,"value":"toolData = {\n let data = d3.rollup(evData, v => v.length, d => d.Tecno_type, d => (Math.floor(d.Time_from))); // round for binning\n let arr = [];\n let s = data.size;\n for (let [key, value] of data) {\n let len = value.length;\n for (let [key2, value2] of value){\n arr.push({\n Tecno_type: key,\n Time_from: key2,\n count: value2\n });\n }\n }\n return arr;\n}\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2338,"value":"import {legend} from \"@d3/color-legend\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W53","stdlib":"1"}} 24:null