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","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":44,"value":"toc()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":204,"value":"
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","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":225,"value":"

","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":92,"value":"## Masc. Nouns ending in आ.\n\nOf the 4 classes, this is the only class with its own oblique form. But once you remember that, you can use that form as the direct plural. ","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":6,"value":"noun_m_a = FileAttachment(\"nouns_m_A.svg\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":260,"value":"**Examples:**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":131,"value":"Inputs.table(dataRowMA, {\n layout: \"auto\",\n format: {\n Direct_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#4c78a833\", \"#000000\"),\n Direct_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#72b7b233\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#72b7b233\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#54a24b33\", \"#000000\")\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":170,"value":"There are a few exceptions to the above rule. **Masc. आ-ending nouns representing relations and power do not change into ए** in Oblique Singular and Plural. However, they change in the Oblique Plural, which may be called the great equalizer. Here are the exceptions:","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":173,"value":"Inputs.table(dataRowMA_exceptions, {\n layout: \"auto\",\n format: {\n Direct_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#4c78a833\", \"#000000\"),\n Direct_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#4c78a833\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#4c78a833\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#54a24b33\", \"#000000\")\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":202,"value":"
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","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":94,"value":"## Masc. Nouns ending in vowels other than आ.\nThese nouns do not change in either the oblique or the direct plural. Every noun must add 'ओँ' for the oblique plural, though.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":103,"value":"noun_m_nota = FileAttachment(\"nouns_m_notA.svg\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":262,"value":"**Examples:**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":179,"value":"Inputs.table(dataRowMnotA, {\n layout: \"auto\",\n format: {\n Direct_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#4c78a833\", \"#000000\"),\n Direct_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#4c78a833\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#4c78a833\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#54a24b33\", \"#000000\")\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":200,"value":"
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","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":311,"value":"

","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":313,"value":"## Masc. Nouns ending in consonants.\nThese nouns do not change in either the oblique or the direct plural. Every noun must add 'ओँ' for the oblique plural, though.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":316,"value":"noun_m_consonant = FileAttachment(\"nouns_m_consonant.svg\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":353,"value":"**Examples:**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":351,"value":"Inputs.table(dataRowMconsonants, {\n layout: \"auto\",\n format: {\n Direct_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#4c78a833\", \"#000000\"),\n Direct_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#4c78a833\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#4c78a833\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#54a24b33\", \"#000000\")\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":355,"value":"
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","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":232,"value":"

","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":96,"value":"## Fem. Nouns ending in ई. \nThese nouns have the ई shortened and then आँ added, which eventually becomes याँ or यां. If you see 'याँ or यां' at the end of a plural noun, you can be reasonably sure that it is the plural of an ई-ending female singular.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":108,"value":"noun_f_i = FileAttachment(\"nouns_f_I.svg\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":264,"value":"**Examples:**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":183,"value":"Inputs.table(dataRowFi, {\n layout: \"auto\",\n format: {\n Direct_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#b279a233\", \"#000000\"),\n Direct_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#b279a233\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#e4575633\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#54a24b33\", \"#000000\")\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":255,"value":"There are slight exceptions to this rule in the case of the word for 'bird'. Here, the plural doesn't add an extra आँ, but just adds the nasal sound.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":257,"value":"Inputs.table(dataRowFix, { layout: \"auto\" })","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":198,"value":"
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","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":98,"value":"## Fem. Nouns ending in vowels other than ई. \nThese nouns add एँ at the end.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":105,"value":"noun_f_not_i = FileAttachment(\"nouns_f_not_I_vowels.svg\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":266,"value":"**Examples:**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":185,"value":"Inputs.table(dataRowFnotIvowels, {\n layout: \"auto\",\n format: {\n Direct_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#b279a233\", \"#000000\"),\n Direct_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#b279a233\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#e4575633\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#54a24b33\", \"#000000\")\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":196,"value":"
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","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":319,"value":"## Fem. Nouns ending in consonants. \nThese nouns add एँ at the end, but एँ becomes a mātrā.","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":327,"value":"noun_f_consonant = FileAttachment(\"nouns_f_consonant.svg\").image()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":358,"value":"**Examples:**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":344,"value":"Inputs.table(dataRowFconsonants, {\n layout: \"auto\",\n format: {\n Direct_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#b279a233\", \"#000000\"),\n Direct_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#b279a233\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Singular: uniformColumnColor(\"#e4575633\", \"#000000\"),\n Oblique_Plural: uniformColumnColor(\"#54a24b33\", \"#000000\")\n }\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":209,"value":"
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","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":278,"value":"more coming soon ....","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":15,"value":"/*Plot.plot({\n axis: null,\n height: 300,\n width: 800,\n margin: 20,\n marginLeft: 40,\n marginRight: 120,\n marks: [Plot.tree(nouns, { textStroke: \"white\" })]\n})\n\n## Algortihm for conjugating Hindi nouns: the whole picture\n* Assume the **direct singular** form as the base or the starting point.\n* Observe the gender (this unfortunately can only be learnt, and not deduced).\n* Observe the ending of the noun. \n* Follow the tree to deduce the form for oblique, plural etc. \n **M** = Masc., **F** = Fem, **D** = Direct, **O** = Oblique, **S** = Singular, **P** = Plural\n\n\n**M** = Male, **F** = Female, **D** = Direct, **O** = Oblique, **S** = Singular, **P** = Plural\n\n**F.D.P** = Female Direct Plural, **M.D.S** = Male Direct Singular, **O.P** = Oblique Plural etc. \n*/","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":194,"value":"
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","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":378,"value":"------- Data -----------","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":248,"value":"`आ ा ई ी ए ओँ एँ आँ याँ यां`","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":51,"value":"nouns = [\n \"Noun/Male/M.D.S/आ✓\",\n \"Noun/Male/M.D.S/आ𐄂\",\n \"Noun/Male/M.D.S/आ✓/M.D.P/ए (=M.O.S)\",\n \"Noun/Male/M.D.S/आ𐄂/M.D.P/आ𐄂 (unchanged)\",\n \"Noun/Male/M.D.S/आ✓/M.O.S/ए (=M.D.P)\",\n \"Noun/Male/M.D.S/आ✓/O.P/ओँ (the equalizer)\",\n \"Noun/Male/M.D.S/आ𐄂/O.S/आ𐄂 (unchanged)\",\n \"Noun/Male/M.D.S/आ𐄂/O.P/ओँ (the equalizer)\",\n \"Noun/Female/F.D.S/ई✓\",\n \"Noun/Female/F.D.S/ई𐄂\",\n \"Noun/Female/F.D.S/ई✓/F.D.P/इयाँ\",\n \"Noun/Female/F.D.S/ई𐄂/F.D.P/एँ\",\n \"Noun/Female/F.D.S/ई✓/O.S/ई✓ (unchanged)\",\n \"Noun/Female/F.D.S/ई✓/O.P/ओँ (the equalizer)\",\n \"Noun/Female/F.D.S/ई𐄂/O.S/ई𐄂 (unchanged)\",\n \"Noun/Female/F.D.S/ई𐄂/O.P/ओँ (the equalizer)\"\n]","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":67,"value":"import { toc } from \"@mbostock/toc\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":135,"value":"male_a = `Direct_Singular,Direct_Plural,Oblique_Singular,Oblique_Plural\nलड़का,लड़के,लड़के,लड़कों\nकुत्ता,कुत्ते,कुत्ते,कुत्तों\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":157,"value":"dataRowMA = d3.csvParse(male_a, d3.autoType)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":140,"value":"male_a_exceptions = `Direct_Singular,Direct_Plural,Oblique_Singular,Oblique_Plural\nपिता,पिता,पिता,पिताओं\nराजा,राजा,राजा,राजाओं\nदेवता,देवता,देवता,देवताओं\nचाचा,चाचा,चाचा,चाचाओं\n\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":159,"value":"dataRowMA_exceptions = d3.csvParse(male_a_exceptions, d3.autoType)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":143,"value":"male_not_a = `Direct_Singular,Direct_Plural,Oblique_Singular,Oblique_Plural\nगुरु,गुरु,गुरु,गुरुओं\nभाई,भाई,भाई,भाइयों\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":161,"value":"dataRowMnotA = d3.csvParse(male_not_a, d3.autoType)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":366,"value":"male_consonants = `Direct_Singular,Direct_Plural,Oblique_Singular,Oblique_Plural\nमित्र,मित्र,मित्र,मित्रों\nपंडित,पंडित,पंडित,पंडितों\nडॉक्टर,डॉक्टर,डॉक्टर,डॉक्टरों\nहाथ,हाथ,हाथ,हाथों \n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":368,"value":"dataRowMconsonants = d3.csvParse(male_consonants, d3.autoType)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":147,"value":"female_i = `Direct_Singular,Direct_Plural,Oblique_Singular,Oblique_Plural\nलड़की,लड़कियाँ,लड़की,लड़कियों\nपत्नी,पत्नियाँ,पत्नी,पत्नियों\nरानी,रानियाँ,रानी,रानियों\nनदी,नदियाँ,नदी,नदियों\nबिल्ली,बिल्लियाँ,बिल्ली,बिल्लियों\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":164,"value":"dataRowFi = d3.csvParse(female_i, d3.autoType)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":250,"value":"female_i_exceptions = `Direct_Singular,Direct_Plural,Oblique_Singular,Oblique_Plural\nचिड़िया,चिड़ियाँ,चिड़िया,चिड़ियों`","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":253,"value":"dataRowFix = d3.csvParse(female_i_exceptions, d3.autoType)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":149,"value":"female_not_i_vowels = `Direct_Singular,Direct_Plural,Oblique_Singular,Oblique_Plural\nमाँ,माँएँ,माँ,माँओं\nबहू,बहुएँ,बहू,बहुओं\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":166,"value":"dataRowFnotIvowels = d3.csvParse(female_not_i_vowels, d3.autoType)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":336,"value":"female_consonant = `Direct_Singular,Direct_Plural,Oblique_Singular,Oblique_Plural\n\nऔरत,औरतें,औरत,औरतों\nबहन,बहनें,बहन,बहनों\n\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":339,"value":"dataRowFconsonants = d3.csvParse(female_consonant, d3.autoType)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":381,"value":"---------formats-------------","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":361,"value":"html`