44:["$","title",null,{"children":"IPv6 BGP Routing Table on a Hilbert Curve | Vasco Asturiano | Observable"}] 4c:T43e,# IPv6 BGP Routing Table on a Hilbert Curve An interactive map of the entire IPv6 routed address space, drawn along a [Hilbert curve](https://observablehq.com/@vasturiano/hilbert-curve) so that numerically adjacent addresses stay visually close together. Data sourced live from [IANA](https://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-unicast-address-assignments) and [bgp.potaroo.net](https://bgp.potaroo.net) (Geoff Huston's BGP reports). AS names metadata from [ipverse's as-metadata](https://github.com/ipverse/as-metadata) dataset. **Note**: The BGP table data is quite large; loading and rendering may take a few seconds. Uses [hilbert-chart](https://github.com/vasturiano/hilbert-chart) for rendering (in canvas mode) and [`ip.js`](https://github.com/vasturiano/ip.js) for IP address and prefix parsing. By default, and for practical reasons, the chart automatically zooms in on the global unicast portion of the IPv6 address space. You can zoom out to see how vast the full 128 bits of space is. See also the [IPv4 version](https://observablehq.com/@vasturiano/ipv4-bgp-routing-table).4d:T478,{ const message = html`

`; const input = Inputs.text({ label: html`Go to Prefix:`, placeholder: "e.g. 2001:4860::/32", submit: "Find", width: 400 }); input.addEventListener("input", () => { const text = input.value.trim(); message.replaceChildren(); if (!text) return; try { const prefix = new Ip.Prefix(text.includes("/") ? text : `${text}/48`, undefined, false); chart.focusOn(prefix.firstIp().toNum(), prefix.countIps(), 4000); } catch (e) { message.append(html`Invalid IPv6 prefix: ${text}`); } }); const goToMyIpButton = myIp && Inputs.button( html`Go to my IP Address (${myIp.toString()})`, { reduce: () => chart.focusOn(myIp.toNum(), BigInt(2**80), 6000) } ); if (goToMyIpButton) { goToMyIpButton.style.width = "auto"; const btn = goToMyIpButton.querySelector("button") ?? goToMyIpButton; btn.style.whiteSpace = "nowrap"; btn.style.width = "auto"; } display(html`

${myIp ? html`

${goToMyIpButton}

` : ''}${input}${message}

`); }4e:T4e5,fetch("https://bgp.potaroo.net/v6/as2.0/bgptable.txt") .then(r => r.text()) .then(bgpTableRaw => { const v6PrefixRegex = /^\*>?\s*([\da-fA-F:]*\/\d{1,3})/; const originAsnRegex = /(\d+)\s[ie?]$/; const routes = []; const routeTable = [] let carryPrefix; for (const line of bgpTableRaw.split(/\r?\n/)) { !carryPrefix && (carryPrefix = line.match(v6PrefixRegex)?.[1]); (carryPrefix === '::/0') && (carryPrefix = null); // ignore default route if (carryPrefix) { const matches = line.match(originAsnRegex); if (matches) { const prefix = new Ip.Prefix(carryPrefix, undefined, false); carryPrefix = null; const asn = matches[1]; routes.push({ start: prefix.firstIp().toNum(), length: prefix.countIps(), name: `AS${asn}`, source: 'bgp' }); routeTable.push({ Prefix: prefix, ['Origin ASN']: `AS${asn}` }); } } } routes.sort((a, b) => Number(b.length - a.length)); chart.data([...chart.data(), ...routes]); display(Inputs.table(routeTable)); display(html`

Found ${routeTable.length} IPv6 Routes

`); });4f:T47e,const ianaData = [ await d3.csv("https://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-address-space/ipv6-address-space-1.csv", {proxy: true}), await d3.csv("https://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-unicast-address-assignments/ipv6-unicast-address-assignments.csv", {proxy: true}) ]; ianaData.forEach(d => display(Inputs.table(d))); (() => { const blocks = []; const getName = (n) => n.includes("Administered by") ? "Various Registries" : n; for (const row of ianaData.flat()) { const pref = new Ip.Prefix(row.Prefix || row['IPv6 Prefix'], undefined, false); const p = { start: pref.firstIp().toNum(), length: pref.countIps(), name: getName(row.Designation || row.Allocation), infos: [row], source: 'iana' }; const last = blocks[blocks.length - 1]; if (last && last.name === p.name && last.start + last.length === p.start) { last.length += p.length; last.infos.push(row); } else blocks.push(p); } chart.data([...chart.data(), ...blocks]); // Focus on unicast RIR allocations setTimeout(() => chart.focusOn(new Ip.Addr('2001:', false).toNum(), 2n ** (128n - 5n), 3000), 800); })();50:[] 48:{"id":"d17e24f43e18ea0b","slug":"ipv6-bgp-routing-table","title":"IPv6 BGP Routing Table on a Hilbert Curve","thumbnail":"6a221d5256b4fcc0a8385468d89dff2d8fbdbd8184b16d9ad8b7a9203c13e375","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2026-11-05T02:08:29.810Z","update_time":"$D2026-11-05T06:04:45.893Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2026-11-05T02:56:31.391Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":{"id":"4873abe01da5f5aa","slug":"ipv4-bgp-routing-table","title":"IPv4 BGP Routing Table on a Hilbert Curve","owner":{"id":"dc625de0fe5f3eae","login":"vasturiano","name":"Vasco Asturiano"}},"stars":1,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"dc625de0fe5f3eae","login":"vasturiano","name":"Vasco Asturiano","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/a45856b753139d5de533417b120862fd466b9396ab5c379d25d7240dc5ee1985","tier":"starter_2024","bio":"Data sculptor","followed_by_you":false,"follows_you":false},"version":241,"publish_version":241,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"404426135bc21c47","login":"vasturiano","name":"Vasco Asturiano","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/a45856b753139d5de533417b120862fd466b9396ab5c379d25d7240dc5ee1985","tier":null,"bio":"Data sculptor | github.com/vasturiano","followed_by_you":false,"follows_you":false}],"members":[{"type":"team","id":"dc625de0fe5f3eae","login":"vasturiano","name":"Vasco Asturiano","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/a45856b753139d5de533417b120862fd466b9396ab5c379d25d7240dc5ee1985","tier":"starter_2024","role":"editor"}],"comments":[],"custom_thumbnail":true,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":0,"collection":null,"type":"notebook","body":{"titling":"auto","title":"IPv6 BGP Routing Table on a Hilbert Curve","cells":[{"id":1,"value":"$4c","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":11,"value":"$4d","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"js","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":7,"value":"const ipFormatter = (d) => new Ip.Addr(d, false).toString();\nconst prefixFormatter = (d) => {\n const range = new Ip.Range(d.start, d.start + d.length - 1n, false);\n const prefixes = range.toPrefixes();\n return (prefixes.length === 1 ? prefixes[0] : range).toString();\n};\n\nconst container = display(html`

`);\nconst chart = new HilbertChart(container.firstElementChild, { useCanvas: true })\n .hilbertOrder(128 / 2)\n .rangePaddingAbsolute(1)\n .minCurveWidth(0.05)\n .valFormatter(ipFormatter)\n .showValTooltip(false)\n .rangeColor(d => d.source === 'iana' ? \"rgba(0,0,128,0.07)\" : \"rgba(255,50,0,0.45)\")\n .rangeLabelColor(d => d.source === 'iana' ? \"rgba(0,0,64,0.7)\" : \"rgba(165,42,42,0.55)\")\n .rangeTooltipContent(d => `${d.name || \"\"}: ${prefixFormatter(d)}`)\n .onRangeClick(d => chart.focusOn(d.start, d.length, 3000));","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"js","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":10,"value":"chart.width(Math.min(1040, width - chart.margin() * 2));","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":8,"value":"**Data**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":5,"value":"$4e","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"js","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":4,"value":"$4f","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"js","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":12,"value":"const asNames = (async () => {\n const raw = await fetch('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ipverse/as-metadata/master/as.csv')\n .then(r => r.text())\n .then(d3.csvParse);\n\n display(display(Inputs.table(raw)));\n\n const byAsn = indexBy(raw, 'asn', false);\n\n chart.rangeTooltipContent(d => `

${d.source==='bgp' ? asnFormatter(d.name.replace('AS', '')) : d.name}:
${prefixFormatter(d)}

`);\n\n return byAsn;\n\n function asnFormatter(asn) {\n const info = byAsn[asn];\n return `AS${asn}${info ? ` (${info.description})` : ''}`\n }\n})();","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":13,"value":"const myIp = await(async() => {\n const myIp = new Ip.Addr((await d3.json('https://stat.ripe.net/data/whats-my-ip/data.json')).data.ip);\n return !myIp?.isIPv4() && myIp;\n})();\n\nmyIp && display(md`My IP Address: **${myIp.toString()}**`);","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ts","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":9,"value":"**Dependencies**","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3,"value":"import HilbertChart from \"npm:hilbert-chart\";\nimport * as Ip from \"npm:ip.js\";\nimport indexBy from 'npm:index-array-by';","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"js","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","tool":"$undefined","providerMetadata":"$undefined","attachments":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W50","stdlib":"2"}} 24:null