2e:null 2f:["$","title",null,{"children":"Pathstuff | Toph Tucker | Observable"}] 34:Tc03,# Pathstuff ## Helpers for SVG path commands ${Object.keys( pathstuff ) .map(d => `[${d}](#_${d})`) .join(" ∙ ")} --- These functions bake transformations into an [SVG path’s `d` attribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG/Attribute/d), which you can also pass to a canvas [`Path2D` constructor](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Path2D/Path2D). The path string holds a list of commands: move to here, line to there, arc to here; see [Adam Pearce’s visual explanation](https://roadtolarissa.com/blog/2015/02/22/svg-path-strings/). You may not need this: - If you’re doing data visualization, it’s more robust to transform in data-space before [drawing the shapes](https://observablehq.com/collection/@d3/d3-shape). - If you want to scale a path without changing the stroke, you can use [`vector-effect="non-scaling-stroke"`](#noneed). - If you want to chain transformations, you can concatenate transformation strings or [multiply affine transformation matrices](https://bl.ocks.org/1wheel/23934d93046d15a031a74be471620036). But since I have vector illustrations drawn elsewhere that I’d like to pass around as mere strings, I’ve found it helpful. Maybe it’s spiritually analogous to merging or rasterizing layers in Photoshop — lossy, irreversible, simplifying operations conducive to some kind of creative iteration or reduction in cognitive load. Mostly, it has taught me about the underlying path commands that I have used with d3 for so long. I’ve tried to do it without touching the DOM, notionally for performance and portability but also just to learn. Next I gotta get back into matrices! Caveats: I’ve used this in a narrow domain (like [SVG numeral sketches](https://observablehq.com/@tophtucker/svg-numeral-sketches)) and I imagine it may break outside of that. The functions `translate` and `scale` are exact, as far as I know. But `getBBox` is approximate for Béziers and arcs; thus, so are `size` and `center`, which use it. Some functions convert relative to absolute path commands with `toAbsolute`. We are in [an unusually hard time in history](#links) to go from an SVG path string to a JavaScript object, because `node.pathSegList` has been removed from Chrome and `node.getPathData()` has not yet been added; when the latter arrives, its output should look like that of `parse`. Most functions here have a normal version that takes a path string (like `scale`) and an internal version that takes a path object (like `scaleObj`) generated by `parse`. 🆕 Are your SVG elements not paths? [Make them all paths!](https://observablehq.com/@tophtucker/normalize-svg-elements-to-paths) --- Import all functions to another Observable notebook: >~~~js >import {pathstuff} from "@tophtucker/pathstuff" >pathstuff.center("${abbr(test)}") >~~~ Or one at a time: >~~~js >import {center} from "@tophtucker/pathstuff" >center("${abbr(test)}") >~~~ Select a test glyph to use for the examples on this page, or enter your own:35:T2a2c,relativeTest = "M60.353727 855.22111c-4.37555 0.013 -8.74345 0.21101 -13.08007 0.78711 -8.67324 1.15221 -17.310177 3.90953 -24.242191 9.24805 -5.111402 3.93642 -9.149534 9.17424 -12.064453 14.92968 -2.9149177 5.75544 -4.7325067 12.02395 -5.7988277 18.38672 -2.132643 12.72553 -1.298274 25.73054 -1.16211 38.63282 0.123182 11.67212 -0.32363 23.4349 1.707031 34.92968 2.030661 11.49478 6.8378517 22.93986 15.7265627 30.50583 7.098686 6.0423 16.285268 9.177 25.505858 10.5488 9.22059 1.3719 18.59394 1.1077 27.91602 1.0977 7.01891 -0.01 14.35798 -0.3694 21.32218 -1.2442 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85.1 87.5 84 87.5ZM114.5 90.5C113.3 90.6 112.3 91.3 112 92.5 111.7 94 113 95.4 114.5 95.5 116 95.6 117.5 94.5 117.5 93 117.5 91.5 116 90.4 114.5 90.5ZM145.5 86C144.1 86.1 143 87.1 143 88.5 143 89.9 144.1 90.9 145.5 91 147 91.1 148.5 90 148.5 88.5 148.5 87 147 85.9 145.5 86ZM168 73.5C167 73.6 166.6 74.5 166.5 75.5 166.4 76.6 166.9 77.8 168 78 169.2 78.2 170.1 76.7 170 75.5 169.9 74.4 169.1 73.3 168 73.5ZM173 53C171.8 53.3 170.9 54.3 171 55.5 171.1 56.6 171.9 57.3 173 57.5 174.4 57.8 175.9 56.9 176 55.5 176.2 54 174.5 52.7 173 53Z"39:Tb0d,links = md`--- ### Preinvented wheels My focus here is on path command parsers, not the whole big world of SVG graphics libraries. - [progers/pathseg](https://github.com/progers/pathseg) — polyfill for removed \`SVGPathSeg\` - [jarek-foksa/path-data-polyfill](https://github.com/jarek-foksa/path-data-polyfill) — polyfill for future \`SVGPathData\` - [hughsk/svg-path-parser](https://github.com/hughsk/svg-path-parser) — built from formal grammar with PEG.js Reference: - [MDN’s excellent SVG path \`d\` path commands reference](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG/Attribute/d) - [SVGWG \`SVGPathData\`](https://svgwg.org/specs/paths/#InterfaceSVGPathData) — spec for new API - [Chromium Issue 539385: Remove the SVG pathSegList interface](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=539385) - [w3c/svgwg #69: Move path interrogation functions to SVGGeometryElement](https://github.com/w3c/svgwg/issues/69) - [w3c/svgwg #155: Expose getPathData() on all shapes #155](https://github.com/w3c/svgwg/issues/155) Props to [Jarek Foksa](https://github.com/jarek-foksa), who keeps showing up in these links, both pushing on the standards level and polyfilling it. There are relevant utilities in [Raphael](http://dmitrybaranovskiy.github.io/raphael/reference.html#Raphael.parsePathString) and [paperjs](http://paperjs.org/reference/pathitem/). It’s worth reading some relevant d3 source code; [d3-path](https://observablehq.com/@d3/d3-path) implements all the canvas path methods as string-builders ([source](https://github.com/d3/d3-path/blob/master/src/path.js)), so that you can write once and target either SVG or canvas contexts, as done in [d3-shape](https://github.com/d3/d3-shape). Other: - [timo22345’s flatten.js](https://gist.github.com/timo22345/9413158) - [benjamminf’s warpjs](https://github.com/benjamminf/warpjs) - [MaxArt2501/d-path-parser](https://github.com/MaxArt2501/d-path-parser) - [Pomax/js-svg-path](https://github.com/Pomax/js-svg-path) - [Phrogz’s question about baking transformations into a path](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5149301/baking-transforms-into-svg-path-element-commands) - [Lots of nice SVG experiments by Phrogz](http://phrogz.net/SVG/) - [SVG Optimiser](https://petercollingridge.appspot.com/svg-optimiser) has some of this but seems sorta broken - More StackOverflow discussion: [1](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25384052/convert-svg-path-d-attribute-to-a-array-of-points), [2](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34352624/alternative-for-deprecated-svg-pathseglist/34359059#34359059), [3](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34919405/svgpathdata-chrome-48) Thank you to [Jacob Rus](https://observablehq.com/@jrus), who randomly spotted this draft and fixed a regex bug!! And to Adam Pearce and Billy Janitsch for comments. `3a:[] 32:{"id":"a9ac57c27531aa1f","slug":"pathstuff","title":"Pathstuff","thumbnail":"c6a90991b08ae8d406a6b80efca51f7fac0be3d122b7cb9338d25d72dfed2701","access_level":"public","create_time":"$D2019-09-13T19:17:25.395Z","update_time":"$D2023-12-11T03:39:46.363Z","view_time":null,"first_public_time":"$D2019-09-14T05:18:57.305Z","has_unpublished_edits":null,"fork":false,"stars":9,"starred":false,"owner":{"type":"team","id":"97290e936c339d8e","login":"tophtucker","name":"Toph Tucker","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/3706c31a8f9c59bb716c022c04b9c073144cd1368b78ac85f49139be6c93c34e","tier":"pro_2026"},"version":3081,"publish_version":null,"role":null,"authored":false,"authors":[{"type":"individual","id":"0bb2842b01e0c652","login":"tophtucker","name":"Toph Tucker","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/3706c31a8f9c59bb716c022c04b9c073144cd1368b78ac85f49139be6c93c34e","tier":null}],"members":[{"type":"individual","id":"0bb2842b01e0c652","login":"tophtucker","name":"Toph Tucker","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/3706c31a8f9c59bb716c022c04b9c073144cd1368b78ac85f49139be6c93c34e","tier":null,"role":"editor"}],"comments":[{"id":"d2d5042ba4b2975b","reply_to_id":null,"content":"Great stuff, I used this with d3-interpolate-path to properly parse implicit commands.","create_time":"$D2022-07-23T15:20:32.160Z","update_time":null,"resolved":false,"user":{"type":"individual","id":"6cdb6324966da5d4","login":"dleeftink","name":"","avatar_url":"https://avatars-next.observableusercontent.com/3700a558b99f2f54fb2542d09667aadabaae51f24e04e47e420c844503696b0e","tier":null}}],"custom_thumbnail":false,"trashed":false,"lapsed":null,"subscribed":null,"forks":5,"collection":{"id":"d6d8f3dc44d16858","slug":"utilities","title":"Utilities","owner":{"id":"97290e936c339d8e","login":"tophtucker","name":"Toph Tucker"}},"type":"notebook","body":{"title":"Pathstuff","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"$34","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1905,"value":"viewof presetString = select({\n options: testOptions,\n value: complexTest\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2522,"value":"viewof userString = html``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3033,"value":"md`Render examples with:`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2357,"value":"viewof context = radio({\n options: [\"SVG\", \"Canvas\"],\n value: \"SVG\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3056,"value":"context === \"SVG\"\n ? md`\n>~~~html\n>\n>~~~\n`\n : md`\n>~~~js\n>context.stroke(new Path2D(\"${abbr(test)}\"))\n>~~~\n`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":84,"value":"_parse = md`---\n\n## parse\n- \\`parse(pathString)\\` → \\`[{type: \"M\", values: […]}, …]\\`\n\nTurns a path’s \\`d\\` attribute into an object more suitable for further manipulation (matching the structure of the object that [\\`SVGPathData\\`](https://svgwg.org/specs/paths/#InterfaceSVGPathData) will return). The first regex, \\`/(?=[MmLlHhVvCcSsAaQqTtZz])/\\`, tests for new path commands. Then it gets ugly because path strings are too clever about implicit delimiters! The second regex, \\`/([0-9]*\\.[0-9]*)\\./\\`, tests for a period after a number that already has a decimal point; \\`.4.2\\` acts the same as \\`.4 .2\\`. Similarly, the third, \\`/([0-9.])-/g\\`, tests for hyphens after numbers (including numbers ending in a decimal point); \\`4-5\\` acts the same as \\`4 -5\\`. Finally, \\`/[\\\\n\\\\s,]/\\` tests for newlines, spaces, and commas, which are [equivalent valid delimiters](https://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html#PathDataBNF).`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":56,"value":"parse = d =>\n d\n .trim()\n .split(/(?=[MmLlHhVvCcSsAaQqTtZz])/)\n .map(d => ({\n type: d.charAt(0),\n values: replaceRecursive(d.substr(1), /([0-9]*\\.[0-9]*)\\./, \"$1 .\")\n .replace(/([0-9.])-/g, \"$1 -\")\n .split(/[\\n\\s,]/)\n .filter(d => d.length)\n .map(d => +d)\n }))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":312,"value":"parse(test)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":87,"value":"_stringify = md`---\n\n## stringify\n- \\`stringify(pathObject)\\` → \\`pathString\\`\n\nTurns the object created by \\`parse\\` back into a path string for the path’s \\`d\\` attribute.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":58,"value":"stringify = pathObject =>\n pathObject.map(d => d.type + d.values.join(\" \")).join(\"\")","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":616,"value":"md`The round-trip \\`stringify(parse(test))\\` ought to leave the path string unaffected, aside from normalizing all delimiters to spaces:`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":104,"value":"stringify(parse(test))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":91,"value":"_getBBox = md`---\n\n## getBBox\n- \\`getBBox(pathString)\\` → \\`{x, y, width, height}\\`\n- \\`getBBoxObj(pathObject)\\` → \\`{x, y, width, height}\\`\n\nSame as [\\`SVGGraphicsElement.getBBox\\`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/SVGGraphicsElement/getBBox), returns \\`{x, y, width, height}\\`. Takes a path string, doesn’t touch the DOM. Caveat: only gets the control points! Works poorly for \\`A\\` (arc) commands!`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":143,"value":"getBBox = pathString => getBBoxObj(parse(pathString))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":75,"value":"getBBoxObj = pathObject => {\n if (pathObject.some(isRelative)) pathObject = toAbsoluteObj(pathObject);\n\n const x = [].concat(...pathObject.map(getX));\n const x0 = Math.min(...x);\n const x1 = Math.max(...x);\n\n const y = [].concat(...pathObject.map(getY));\n const y0 = Math.min(...y);\n const y1 = Math.max(...y);\n\n return {\n x: x0,\n y: y0,\n width: x1 - x0,\n height: y1 - y0\n };\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":111,"value":"getBBox(test)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":476,"value":"showTest(path => {\n const bb = getBBox(path);\n return `M${bb.x} ${bb.y}l${bb.width} 0 0 ${bb.height} -${bb.width} 0Z`;\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":137,"value":"_center = md`---\n\n## center\n- \\`center(pathString)\\` → \\`pathString\\`\n\nCenters the path on \\`(0, 0)\\`, so you don’t have to do \\`transform(-50%, -50%)\\`.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":139,"value":"center = pathString => stringify(centerObj(parse(pathString)))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":155,"value":"centerObj = pathObject => {\n if (pathObject.some(isRelative)) pathObject = toAbsoluteObj(pathObject);\n const bb = getBBoxObj(pathObject);\n return translateObj(-(2 * bb.x + bb.width) / 2, -(2 * bb.y + bb.height) / 2)(\n pathObject\n );\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":176,"value":"showTest(center)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":157,"value":"_translate = md`---\n\n## translate\n\n- \\`translate(x, y)(pathString)\\` → \\`pathString\\`\n\nMoves everything right \\`x\\` and down \\`y\\`.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":161,"value":"translate = (x, y) => pathString =>\n stringify(translateObj(x, y)(parse(pathString)))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":162,"value":"translateObj = (x, y) => pathObject =>\n toAbsoluteObj(pathObject).map(({ type, values }) => ({\n type,\n values: applyXY(d => d + x, d => d + y)({ type, values })\n }))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":459,"value":"viewof transformX = html``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":465,"value":"viewof transformY = html``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2319,"value":"md`~~~js\ntranslate(${transformX}, ${transformY})(\"${abbr(test, 40)}\")\n// ${abbr(translate(transformX, transformY)(test), 40)}\n~~~`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":172,"value":"showTest(translate(transformX, transformY))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":95,"value":"_scale = md`---\n## scale\n- \\`scale(x, [y])(pathString)\\` → \\`pathString\\`\n\nExamples:\n- \\`scale(0.5)(pathString)\\` halves both dimensions\n- \\`scale(0.5, 2)(pathString)\\` halves \\`x\\` and doubles \\`y\\`\n- \\`scale(fx, fy)(pathString)\\` applies \\`fx\\` to \\`x\\` and \\`fy\\` to \\`y\\`\n\nI’d like to refactor this into a simpler linear \\`scale\\` function and a more abstract \\`project\\` function that takes fancy functions of \\`(x, y)\\` and returns \\`[x, y]\\`, so it could interop with \\`d3-geo\\`.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":146,"value":"scale = (x, y) => pathString => stringify(scaleObj(x, y)(parse(pathString)))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":60,"value":"scaleObj = (x, y) => {\n if (!y) y = x;\n if (typeof x === \"number\") {\n let _x = x;\n x = d => d * _x;\n }\n if (typeof y === \"number\") {\n let _y = y;\n y = d => d * _y;\n }\n return pathObject =>\n pathObject.map(({ type, values }) => ({\n type,\n values: applyXY(x, y, x, y)({ type, values })\n }));\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":469,"value":"viewof scaleSlider = html``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2314,"value":"md`~~~js\nscale(${scaleSlider})(\"${abbr(test, 40)}\")\n// ${abbr(scale(scaleSlider)(test), 40)}\n~~~`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":424,"value":"showTest(scale(scaleSlider))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":627,"value":"md`You can pass some weird nonlinear scaling functions if you’re _out of your goddamn mind!_`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":396,"value":"showTest(\n scale(d => 115 + 115 * Math.sin(d / (300 * Math.sin(now / 1000))), d => d)\n)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":650,"value":"_size = md`---\n\n## size\n\n- \\`size([width], [height])(pathString)\\` → \\`pathString\\`\n\nExamples:\n\n- \\`size(240, 120)(pathString)\\` scales the path such that its width is ≤ 240 and its height is ≤ 120\n- \\`size(240)(pathString)\\` scales to a width of 240, with a proportionate height\n- \\`size(undefined, 120)(pathString)\\` scales to a height of 120, with a proportionate width\n\nPreserves proportions (like, aspect ratio), with a transform-origin of the origin. Maybe best used with \\`center\\`, idk, that’s what I have in mind. Just a pretty thin pass-through to \\`scale\\`.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":654,"value":"size = (w, h) => pathString => stringify(sizeObj(w, h)(parse(pathString)))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":655,"value":"sizeObj = (w = Infinity, h = Infinity) => pathObject => {\n const bb = getBBoxObj(pathObject);\n const ratio = Math.min(w / bb.width, h / bb.height);\n return scaleObj(ratio)(pathObject);\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2289,"value":"viewof sizeXSlider = html``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2291,"value":"viewof sizeYSlider = html``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2297,"value":"md`~~~js\nsize(${sizeXSlider}, ${sizeYSlider})(\"${abbr(test, 40)}\")\n// ${abbr(size(sizeXSlider, sizeYSlider)(test), 40)}\n~~~`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":664,"value":"showTest(size(sizeXSlider, sizeYSlider))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":721,"value":"_combine = md`---\n\n## combine\n\n- \\`combine(arrayOfPathStrings)\\` → \\`pathString\\`\n\nEvery path string begins with an \\`M\\` or \\`m\\` MoveTo command, so you can almost just concatenate them. But if it’s an \\`m\\`, it’s in relative coordinates, which are relative to \\`(0, 0)\\` at the start of a path string, but would be changed by concatenation. So you can just change the lowercase to uppercase and leave the numbers untouched — _except_ that if it has more than 2 arguments, the later ones are implicitly treated as \\`l\\` relative-coordinate LineTo commands. So you caa just just stick an \\`l\\` after the first two args and it should work!`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":723,"value":"combine = arr =>\n arr\n .map(parse)\n .map(path => {\n if (path[0].type === \"m\" && path[0].values.length > 2) {\n return [\n {\n type: \"M\",\n values: path[0].values.slice(0, 2)\n },\n {\n type: \"l\",\n values: path[0].values.slice(2)\n },\n ...path.slice(1)\n ];\n } else if (path[0].type === \"m\") {\n return [\n {\n type: \"M\",\n values: path[0].values\n },\n ...path.slice(1)\n ];\n }\n return path;\n })\n .map(stringify)\n .join(\"\")","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":731,"value":"showTest(() =>\n combine(\n Array(3)\n .fill(test)\n .map((d, i) => translate(10 * i, 10 * i)(d))\n )\n)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":802,"value":"_toAbsolute = md`---\n\n## toAbsolute\n\n- \\`toAbsolute(pathString)\\` → \\`pathString\\`\n\nConverts all relative path commands to absolute path commands, which is currently necessary for some of these other things to work. Which ones? You’ll have to guess! As will I!`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":805,"value":"toAbsolute = pathString => stringify(toAbsoluteObj(parse(pathString)))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":806,"value":"// TODO: this should probably just be a loop, not recursive…\nfunction toAbsoluteObj(pathObject, last = [0, 0], initial = [0, 0]) {\n if (!pathObject.length) return [];\n const [first, ...rest] = normalizeImplicitCommandsObj(pathObject);\n const newFirst = {\n type: first.type.toUpperCase(),\n values: isRelative(first)\n ? applyXY(x => x + last[0], y => y + last[1])(first)\n : first.values\n };\n last = getEndPoint(newFirst, last, initial);\n if (newFirst.type === \"M\") initial = last;\n return [newFirst, ...toAbsoluteObj(rest, last, initial)];\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1181,"value":"showTest(toAbsolute)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1454,"value":"_compress = md`---\n\n## compress\n\n- \\`compress(precision)(pathString)\\` → \\`pathString\\`\n\nRounds values to \\`precision\\` number of decimal places.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1455,"value":"compress = precision => pathString => stringify(compressObj(precision)(parse(pathString)))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1458,"value":"compressObj = precision => pathObject =>\n pathObject.map(({ type, values }) => ({\n type,\n values: values.map(d => +d.toFixed(precision))\n }))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1155,"value":"_normalizeImplicitCommands = md`---\n\n## normalizeImplicitCommands\n\n- \\`normalizeImplicitCommands(pathString)\\` → \\`pathString\\`\n\nWith all SVG path commands, you can pass as many params as you’d like and it’ll treat them as implicit repetitions of the last command. This function makes them explicit for easier manipulation elsewhere (notably, toAbsolute below).`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1134,"value":"normalizeImplicitCommands = pathString =>\n stringify(normalizeImplicitCommandsObj(parse(pathString)))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1126,"value":"normalizeImplicitCommandsObj = pathObject =>\n [].concat(\n ...pathObject.map(({ type, values }) => {\n if (!values.length) return { type, values };\n const chunks = [];\n for (let i = 0; i < values.length; i += paramLengths[type]) {\n chunks.push(values.slice(i, i + paramLengths[type]));\n }\n return chunks.map((chunk, i) => {\n let newType = type === \"M\" ? \"L\" : type === \"m\" ? \"l\" : type;\n return { type: i ? newType : type, values: chunk };\n });\n })\n )","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1998,"value":"showTest(normalizeImplicitCommands)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":98,"value":"_normalizeHV = md`---\n## normalizeHV\n- \\`normalizeHV(pathString)\\` → \\`pathString\\`\n\nConverts \\`H\\` and \\`V\\` to \\`L\\` path commands, so that other functions can assume the first element is the \\`x\\` coordinate and the second is the \\`y\\`.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":150,"value":"normalizeHV = pathString => stringify(normalizeHVObj(parse(pathString)))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":62,"value":"// TODO: rewrite; not as reliable as toAbsolute right now, I think it chokes on Z\nfunction normalizeHVObj(pathObject, initial = [0, 0]) {\n if (!pathObject.length) return [];\n const [{ type, values }, ...rest] = pathObject;\n let newValues;\n switch (type) {\n case \"H\":\n newValues = [values[0], initial[1]];\n return [\n {\n type: \"L\",\n values: newValues\n },\n ...normalizeHVObj(rest, newValues)\n ];\n case \"V\":\n newValues = [initial[0], values[0]];\n return [\n {\n type: \"L\",\n values: newValues\n },\n ...normalizeHVObj(rest, newValues)\n ];\n default:\n return [\n { type, values },\n ...normalizeHVObj(rest, type === \"C\" ? values.slice(4) : values)\n ];\n }\n}","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":388,"value":"showTest(normalizeHV)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":77,"value":"md`---\n\n### Internal helpers`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1891,"value":"pathstuff = ({\n parse,\n stringify,\n getBBox,\n center,\n translate,\n scale,\n size,\n combine,\n toAbsolute,\n compress,\n normalizeImplicitCommands,\n normalizeHV\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1123,"value":"paramLengths = ({\n M: 2,\n m: 2,\n L: 2,\n l: 2,\n H: 1,\n h: 1,\n V: 1,\n v: 1,\n C: 6,\n c: 6,\n S: 4,\n s: 4,\n Q: 4,\n q: 4,\n T: 2,\n t: 2,\n A: 7,\n a: 7\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2557,"value":"function replaceRecursive(str, regex, newThing) {\n return regex.test(str)\n ? replaceRecursive(str.replace(regex, newThing), regex, newThing)\n : str;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":792,"value":"isRelative = d => d.type === d.type.toLowerCase()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":511,"value":"getX = ({ type, values }) => {\n switch (type) {\n case \"A\":\n case \"a\":\n return [values[5] - values[0], values[5] + values[0]];\n case \"H\":\n return values;\n case \"V\":\n return [];\n case \"L\":\n case \"l\":\n return values.filter((_, i) => !(i % 2));\n case \"C\":\n case \"c\":\n return values.filter((_, i) => i % 6 === 4);\n case \"Q\":\n case \"q\":\n return values.filter((_, i) => i % 4 === 2);\n default:\n return values.filter((_, i) => !(i % 2));\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":516,"value":"getY = ({ type, values }) => {\n switch (type) {\n case \"A\":\n case \"a\":\n return [values[6] - values[1], values[6] + values[1]];\n case \"H\":\n return [];\n case \"V\":\n return values;\n case \"L\":\n case \"l\":\n return values.filter((_, i) => i % 2);\n case \"C\":\n case \"c\":\n return values.filter((_, i) => i % 6 === 5);\n case \"Q\":\n case \"q\":\n return values.filter((_, i) => i % 4 === 3);\n default:\n return values.filter((_, i) => i % 2);\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":800,"value":"// \"rx\" is in x-units but not zero-based, notably arc radius, so it should be rescaled but not translated, as even in the absolute coords commands it's relative. same with \"ry\".\napplyXY = (x, y, rx, ry) => ({ type, values }) => {\n switch (type) {\n case \"A\":\n case \"a\":\n return values.map((d, i) => {\n switch (i % paramLengths[type]) {\n case 0:\n return rx ? rx(d) : d;\n case 1:\n return ry ? ry(d) : d;\n case 5:\n return x(d);\n case 6:\n return y(d);\n default:\n return d;\n }\n });\n case \"H\":\n case \"h\":\n return values.map(x);\n case \"V\":\n case \"v\":\n return values.map(y);\n default:\n return values.map((d, i) => (i % 2 ? y(d) : x(d)));\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":818,"value":"getEndPoint = ({ type, values }, [x = 0, y = 0], [x0 = 0, y0 = 0]) => {\n switch (type) {\n case \"A\":\n case \"C\":\n case \"L\":\n case \"M\":\n case \"Q\":\n case \"S\":\n case \"T\":\n return values.slice(values.length - 2);\n case \"H\":\n return [values[values.length - 1], y];\n case \"V\":\n return [x, values[values.length - 1]];\n case \"a\":\n case \"c\":\n case \"l\":\n case \"m\":\n case \"q\":\n case \"s\":\n case \"t\":\n const [dx, dy] = values.slice(values.length - 2);\n return [x + dx, y + dy];\n case \"h\":\n return [x + values[values.length - 1], y];\n case \"v\":\n return [x, y + values[values.length - 1]];\n case \"Z\":\n case \"z\":\n return [x0, y0];\n default:\n return [x, y];\n }\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1565,"value":"showPath = path => {\n const bb = getBBox(path);\n return svg``;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":3025,"value":"abbr = (str, len = 20) =>\n str.length > len\n ? str.substr(0, len / 2) + \"…\" + str.substr(str.length - len / 2)\n : str","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1362,"value":"md`---\n\n### Test helpers`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2767,"value":"test = userString || presetString","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":785,"value":"$35","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2538,"value":"$36","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2542,"value":"$37","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1527,"value":"lineBreakTest = `\nM4 -4a4 4 0 1 1 0.1 0Z\nM36 -4a4 4 0 1 1 0.1 0Z`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":346,"value":"simpleTest = \"M10 15L30 40L15 30Z\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1475,"value":"mayanZeroGlyph = \"M32 0a32 16 0 1 0 1 0zm-30 11q30 18 61 0m-42 -10q-7 8 0 18m12 -19q-8 10 0 20m11 -19q-7 8 0 18\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1081,"value":"simpleRelativeTest = \"m 10 10 l 5 0 5 0 0 5 0 5 -5 0 -5 0 0 5 0 5 5 0 m 5 0 5 0 M 5 0 0 5 m 30 15 30 10 c 30 -15 5 10 20 20\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2212,"value":"simpleArc = \"M20 -4a4 4 0 1 1 0.1 0Z\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":356,"value":"$38","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2352,"value":"showTest = context === \"SVG\" ? showTestSVG : showTestCanvas","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":328,"value":"showTestSVG = fn => {\n const bb = getBBox(test);\n return svg``;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2350,"value":"showTestCanvas = fn => {\n const bb = getBBox(test);\n const context = DOM.context2d(bb.x + bb.width, bb.y + bb.height);\n context.canvas.style.border = \"1px solid gray\";\n context.canvas.style.transform = \"scale(0.75)\";\n context.strokeStyle = \"#dddddd\";\n context.stroke(new Path2D(test));\n context.strokeStyle = \"red\";\n context.stroke(new Path2D(fn(test)));\n return context.canvas;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1938,"value":"testOptions = Object.entries({\n complexTest,\n kochFlake,\n texas,\n relativeTest,\n lineBreakTest,\n simpleTest,\n simpleArc,\n mayanZeroGlyph,\n simpleRelativeTest\n}).map(([label, value]) => ({\n label,\n value\n}))","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1907,"value":"import { select, radio } from \"@jashkenas/inputs\"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2029,"value":"noneed = md`---\n\n### You may not need this if…\n\nMy actual use case that started all this was just wanting to scale a path without affecting the stroke width. See what happens to the stroke as you scale with an SVG (or CSS) transform?`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2135,"value":"viewof scaleSlider2 = html``","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2017,"value":"{\n const bb = getBBox(test);\n return html`\n \n `;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2160,"value":"md`I didn’t want to have to keep dynamically setting the stroke width inverse to the scale transform. But it turns out that, if this is all you care about, there’s a much easier way: the [\\`vector-effect\\`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG/Attribute/vector-effect) SVG attribute! Try scaling the glyph above and then change this from the default \\`none\\` to \\`non-scaling-stroke\\`:`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2140,"value":"viewof vectorEffect = radio({\n options: [\n \"none\",\n \"non-scaling-stroke\",\n \"non-scaling-size\",\n \"non-rotation\",\n \"fixed-position\"\n ],\n value: \"none\"\n})","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2151,"value":"md`~~~html\n\n~~~`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2190,"value":"md`You don’t need any JavaScript at all! (The other options have no effect here, are included for completeness.)`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":33,"value":"$39","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1066,"value":"md`---\n\n### Notes to self, messing around with other libraries\n\n\\`path-data-polyfill\\` doesn’t work when you import these functions to another Observable notebook.`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":983,"value":"// require('https://bundle.run/path-data-polyfill@1.0.3')","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":990,"value":"// pathDataPolyfill = pathString =>\n// svg``\n// .querySelector(\"path\")\n// .getPathData({ normalize: true })","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1005,"value":"// {\n// const node = svg``;\n// const path = node.querySelector(\"path\");\n// path.setPathData(pathDataPolyfill(test));\n// const newPath = translate(0, -852.36216)(path.getAttribute(\"d\"));\n// return newPath;\n// return svg``;\n// }","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1991,"value":"md`\\`svg-path-parser\\` works OK…`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1030,"value":"// svgPathParser = require('https://bundle.run/svg-path-parser@1.1.0')","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1258,"value":"// svgPathParser.makeAbsolute(svgPathParser(test))","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":1302,"value":"md`A polyfill for \\`SVGElement.prototype.getTransformToElement\\`, which was removed from Chrome, from [jointjs](https://www.jointjs.com/blog/announcement-gettransformtoelement-polyfill) and \n[dagrejs](https://github.com/dagrejs/dagre-d3/issues/202#issuecomment-173653044). Haven’t actually used this lol, but I will come back to it and, yknow, re-aquaint myself with matrices…`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":13,"value":"// getTransformToElement = elem =>\n// elem\n// .getScreenCTM()\n// .inverse()\n// .multiply(this.getScreenCTM())","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":2285,"value":"md`When I do get into matrices, I’ll want to remember [which entries correspond to which parameters](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17824145/parse-svg-transform-attribute-with-javascript/41102221#41102221) of the named transformations…`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"},{"id":836,"value":"todo = md`---\n\n### To-do\n- Add function \\`project([x, y])\\` → \\`[x, y]\\`\n- Add function \\`rotate\\`\n- Add functions \\`centerX\\` and \\`centerY\\`\n- Improve \\`getBBox\\` or add DOM alternative; it fails on Bézier commands (\\`CcSsQqTt\\`) because it doesn’t understand control points, and on arc commands (\\`A\\`) because \\`getX\\` and \\`getY\\` don’t know which way the arc goes\n- Rewrite or eliminate \\`normalizeHVObj\\`\n- Am I wasting cycles converting to absolute repeatedly?\n- Reduce recursion lol`","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs","author":"$undefined","summary":"$undefined","output":"$undefined","database":"$undefined"}],"files":"$W3a","stdlib":"1","titling":"auto"}} 33:"$32:body"