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The computational, collaborative, agentic document
where everyone answers questions with data

Observable notebooks are lightweight documents that let you think, explore, and explain with code. Quick to sketch and infinitely flexible, use them to analyze or visualize data, craft beautiful explanations, and support data-driven workflows with custom apps.

Generative art
Advanced data visualizations
Ad hoc data analysis
Explorable explanations
Powerful data apps
Five seconds to chart

We’re impatient because time is precious. Speed determines not just how long a task will take, but whether you do it at all. Observable accelerates the feedback and discovery loop. Inventing software should be a joy and not a chore.

Write faster by hand or with an agent. Quickly draft analysis in an Observable chat, then transition to a notebook to get hands-on. Or start directly in a notebook.

Batteries included. Query data, visualize, add interaction. Everything you need to immediately start analyzing data.

File attachments
Databases
Secrets
Libraries
Inputs

Just start writing. Edit and run code with a minimal UI that gets out of your way.

Cell editor showing Markdown
Understand your code

Even simple programs can be hard to understand. And yet the more we understand, the more we can get computers to do what we want. Code isn’t just execution instructions — code formalizes and clarifies thought. Observable aids interpretation by decomposing logic into cells, minimizing hidden state, and showing live values.

Inspector showing fetched API response
Dataflow panel showing cell topology

There’s more to see than console.log. In Observable, live values are shown adjacent to the code that defines them, while the dataflow panel gives an overview of the whole notebook. Observable reduces context switching by integrating running, reading, and editing code.

Literate programming. Explain code by interleaving prose and visuals. Reorder cells to make sense to you, not the computer.

# Title
md
Plot.rectY(data, …).plot()
ts
Paragraph describing the chart above…
md
const data = sql`SELECT date, value FROM …`;
ts

Better for agents, too. Like you, the Observable agent can inspect runtime values, see interactive selections in charts and maps, and inject code into the running program.

Runtime inspection
User interaction
Incremental execution
Work better together

The best work happens when people work together. But trust varies wildly across social boundaries, so collaboration can’t be one-size-fits-all. Observable supports both real-time multiplayer editing and git-style fork-and-merge workflows. And comments. And fine-grained access. And unlisted notebooks, versioned publishing, and more.

Network diagram showing forks of a notebook in phyllotaxis arrangement

Notebooks are re­mixable, re­composable software. Any notebook can be forked and any value imported. Forking lets you copy a notebook and edit it. Merging lets you review and apply changes from one notebook to another — even across teams.

No stepping on toes. Built-in version history means you can review changes and rewind them at any time. (You can fork versions, too.)

Panel showing notebook edit history with multiple versions and authors

A place for everything and everything in its place. Team workspaces allow serendipitous coordination and centralized management of data sources, component libraries, and more.

import {BarChart} from "observable:@acme/bar-chart";
ts
import {queryDailyActiveUsers} from "observable:@acme/metrics";
ts
Cell editor showing autocomplete for DatabaseClient
Own your work

Take your notebooks anywhere with no strings attached. Local development, self hosting, custom integrations… you name it. Notebooks have a human-readable, plain-text file format and we provide free open-source tooling for generating static sites.

TODO

Open file format and open-source tooling. Edit notebooks in your preferred text editor. Preview live in your browser using Vite. Build and deploy static sites using automated actions.

Boring technology is built to last. Notebooks are written in vanilla JavaScript, TypeScript, HTML, SQL, etc.. Import any library from npm. If it runs on the web, it works in a notebook.

TypeScriptJavaScriptnpmMarkdown

We love open source. The libraries we maintain, including Plot and D3, are downloaded more than a thousand times per second.

d3
d3-shape
d3-force
plot
runtime

Explore the community

Some notebooks are like blog entries, thinking out loud; some are pedagogical examples, offering or seeking feedback; some are precision-honed masterpieces.

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Follow our development

Observable is constantly improving. We rely on you to help us prioritize what we build. Tell us what excites you the most! We discuss our work on our weekly podcast and on the Observable forum, X, and Bluesky.

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Get started

Learn the basics of working in Observable, or fork a notebook to start. Peruse our example, tutorials, and documentation.

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Oct 25
What do you learn from vibecoding an explanation?
We explore two notebooks by Ricky Reusser: (1) Toiletpaperfullerenes and Charmin Nanotubes (2020) https://observablehq.com/@rreusser/toiletpaperfullerenes-and-charmin-nanotubes and (2) Geodesics in Kerr Spacetime (2026) https://rreusser.github.io/notebooks/kerr-geodesics/ (self-hosted using Notebook Kit). The first was hand-coded; the second was vibecoded. What did he learn from making each of them?
Oct 9
Julio’s bookshelf
If you point to a random book in Julio’s picture-perfect background, has he read it? How many biographies does he read per American president? And is reading dying?
Sep 10
Never don’t rewrite
Last week, Observable launched a total rewrite of notebooks. Contra Joel Spolsky’s advice, Mike Bostock has done many rewrites, from TiVo to Protovis to D3, and itches to do many more. Why?
Jul 19
Seven classic moments in visualization research
Toph recounts seven moments in visualization history, in no particular order: 1923’s gestalt theory, 2025’s graph embeddings, 1933’s map–territory relation, 1975’s splines, 2016’s acquired code of meaning, 2020’s bridging code and interaction, and 1973’s conversation analysis. For sources, see https://observablehq.com/@tophtucker/classic-research-in-data-visualization.
Nov 12
The field is missing a theory of what people are most likely to take away from a visualization #ieeevis
Nov 12
Two min looking at phone and boom I'm lost. Hm. This talk is making some analogy to the concept of a mathematical sheaf. Ok you can model blending visual encodings as taking global sections of a sheaf?! 😵‍💫 Seems cool!!! #ieeevis
Nov 12
Can you add up connotations of colored parts to predict affect of whole graphic? “As a gestaltist, this is blasphemy”, says @kbschloss.bsky.social — but it largely is. Whole is sum of parts. In certain ways & cases. #ieeevis
Nov 12
Now watching, by @paulcparsons.bsky.social #ieeevis
mootariNov 12
Markdown syntax highlighting for 1.0 notebooks is broken in 2.0 UI
When viewing a 1.0 notebook that has Markdown code blocks in the new UI, no syntax highlighting gets applied to the code blocks, and the console shows the error: Uncaught (in promise) TypeError: can’t assign to property “langApiRestored” on “self”: not an object Example: https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/markdown-quick-reference 1 post - 1 participant Read full topic
mootariNov 12
old.observablehq.com always redirects to new UI for guests
I’ve been sharing notebook links to old.observablehq.com because I currently don’t have the bandwidth to verify that they’ll work in 2.0 (I continue to use the old UI until feature parity has been restored). Just now I noticed that old.observablehq.com will always redirect to observablehq.com for logged out visitors. I understand that y’all are trying to nudge users towards the new UI, but this redirect feels very heavy-handed to me and makes me lose trust that my notebooks will continue to work in the near future. 3 posts - 2 participants Read full topic
JobNov 10
Two notebooks: declarative zdog, and a way to make it easier to animate only while the cell is visible
So I just got a little nerd-sniped when I rediscovered this unpublished notebook for zdog from five years ago, and updated it to the new version of Observable: https://observablehq.com/@jobleonard/p5-flavored-zdog … which also made me sit down and (finally) implement a helper function that handles basically every bit of boilerplate that annoys me to no end when I want to animate a cell, but only when visible, using requestAnimationFrame to avoid rendering too often, and with proper clean-up on cell invalidation: function animateAsync(invalidation, visibility, fn) { if ( typeof visibility !== "function" || typeof fn !== "function" || typeof invalidation?.then !== "function" ) return; const DONE = Symbol("DONE"); const PAUSE = Symbol("PAUSE"); let _finished = false; let _paused = true; let request = null; const resolver = resolve => { request = requestAnimationFrame(() => { request = null; resolve(); }); }; const loop = async () => { while (!_finished && !_paused) { await visibility(); switch(fn(DONE, PAUSE)) { case DONE: _finished = true; case PAUSE: _paused = true; return; default: await new Promise(resolver); }; } return; }; let _loop = null; const state = { // hidden behind getters so you can't accidentally // resume an invalidated animation and leak resources. get finished() { return _finished; }, get paused() { return _paused; }, cancel() { _finished = true; return state; }, pause() { _paused = true; return state; }, resume() { if (_paused && !_finished) { _paused = false; _loop = request ? state : loop(); } return _loop; } }; invalidation.then(state.cancel); requestAnimationFrame(state.resume); return state; } https://observablehq.com/@jobleonard/combining-request-animation-frame-with-await-visibility Anyway, I thought I’d share in case other people are dealing with similar a stumbling block with animated cells. 1 post - 1 participant Read full topic
JakobNov 9
SQL cells not working (since switching to imports from esm.sh?)
Since Sunday, Nov 9, SQL cells no longer run for me. I can reproduce it in the Notebooks system guide: the SQL cell only shows the loading spinner. The browser console shows: async_bindings.ts:307 error in duckdb worker: Uncaught NetworkError: Failed to execute ‘importScripts’ on ‘WorkerGlobalScope’: The script at ‘https://esm.sh/@duckdb/duckdb-wasm@1.32.0/dist/duckdb-browser-eh.worker.js’ failed to load. Is anyone else experiencing this issue? Is this perhaps related to the switch to imports from esm.sh? Thank you! PS: I do really enjoy the new Observable – Thank you so much for all your effort! 2 posts - 3 participants Read full topic
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Light and Sound
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Hello Draggable Plot
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Day 12: Power
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Nov 9
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Nov 10
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Nov 10
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Nov 10
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Plot cars’ fuel economy vs. horsepower.

The chart shows a clear negative relationship: as horsepower increases, fuel economy decreases, with the trend line (red) confirming this pattern. Cars are also colored by cylinder count, and you can see that higher-cylinder engines (6 and 8 cylinders, shown in warmer colors) cluster in the high-power, low-economy region, while 4-cylinder cars dominate the low-power, high-economy region.

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Notebooks user guide
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Chat user guide
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Notebooks system guide
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Upgrading to Notebooks 2.0
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Oct 22
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Fetch caching
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Sep 13
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Fetch proxying
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Sep 13
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Programmatic file attachments
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Database clients
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Oct 4
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Invalidation
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Following
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Imports
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Implicit imports
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DuckDB
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