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The computational, collaborative, agentic document
where everyone answers questions with data

Observable notebooks are lightweight documents that let you think, explore, and explain with code. Quick to sketch and infinitely flexible, use them to analyze or visualize data, craft beautiful explanations, and support data-driven workflows with custom apps.

Generative art
Advanced data visualizations
Ad hoc data analysis
Explorable explanations
Powerful data apps
Five seconds to chart

We’re impatient because time is precious. Speed determines not just how long a task will take, but whether you do it at all. Observable accelerates the feedback and discovery loop. Inventing software should be a joy and not a chore.

Write faster by hand or with an agent. Quickly draft analysis in an Observable chat, then transition to a notebook to get hands-on. Or start directly in a notebook.

Batteries included. Query data, visualize, add interaction. Everything you need to immediately start analyzing data.

File attachments
Databases
Secrets
Libraries
Inputs

Just start writing. Edit and run code with a minimal UI that gets out of your way.

Cell editor showing Markdown
Understand your code

Even simple programs can be hard to understand. And yet the more we understand, the more we can get computers to do what we want. Code isn’t just execution instructions — code formalizes and clarifies thought. Observable aids interpretation by decomposing logic into cells, minimizing hidden state, and showing live values.

Inspector showing fetched API response
Dataflow panel showing cell topology

There’s more to see than console.log. In Observable, live values are shown adjacent to the code that defines them, while the dataflow panel gives an overview of the whole notebook. Observable reduces context switching by integrating running, reading, and editing code.

Literate programming. Explain code by interleaving prose and visuals. Reorder cells to make sense to you, not the computer.

# Title
md
Plot.rectY(data, …).plot()
ts
Paragraph describing the chart above…
md
const data = sql`SELECT date, value FROM …`;
ts

Better for agents, too. Like you, the Observable agent can inspect runtime values, see interactive selections in charts and maps, and inject code into the running program.

Runtime inspection
User interaction
Incremental execution
Work better together

The best work happens when people work together. But trust varies wildly across social boundaries, so collaboration can’t be one-size-fits-all. Observable supports both real-time multiplayer editing and git-style fork-and-merge workflows. And comments. And fine-grained access. And unlisted notebooks, versioned publishing, and more.

Network diagram showing forks of a notebook in phyllotaxis arrangement

Notebooks are re­mixable, re­composable software. Any notebook can be forked and any value imported. Forking lets you copy a notebook and edit it. Merging lets you review and apply changes from one notebook to another — even across teams.

No stepping on toes. Built-in version history means you can review changes and rewind them at any time. (You can fork versions, too.)

Panel showing notebook edit history with multiple versions and authors

A place for everything and everything in its place. Team workspaces allow serendipitous coordination and centralized management of data sources, component libraries, and more.

import {BarChart} from "observable:@acme/bar-chart";
ts
import {queryDailyActiveUsers} from "observable:@acme/metrics";
ts
Cell editor showing autocomplete for DatabaseClient
Own your work

Take your notebooks anywhere with no strings attached. Local development, self hosting, custom integrations… you name it. Notebooks have a human-readable, plain-text file format and we provide free open-source tooling for generating static sites.

TODO

Open file format and open-source tooling. Edit notebooks in your preferred text editor. Preview live in your browser using Vite. Build and deploy static sites using automated actions.

Boring technology is built to last. Notebooks are written in vanilla JavaScript, TypeScript, HTML, SQL, etc.. Import any library from npm. If it runs on the web, it works in a notebook.

TypeScriptJavaScriptnpmMarkdown

We love open source. The libraries we maintain, including Plot and D3, are downloaded more than a thousand times per second.

d3
d3-shape
d3-force
plot
runtime

Explore the community

Some notebooks are like blog entries, thinking out loud; some are pedagogical examples, offering or seeking feedback; some are precision-honed masterpieces.

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Follow our development

Observable is constantly improving. We rely on you to help us prioritize what we build. Tell us what excites you the most! We discuss our work on our weekly podcast and on the Observable forum, X, and Bluesky.

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Get started

Learn the basics of working in Observable, or fork a notebook to start. Peruse our example, tutorials, and documentation.

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Oct 25
What do you learn from vibecoding an explanation?
We explore two notebooks by Ricky Reusser: (1) Toiletpaperfullerenes and Charmin Nanotubes (2020) https://observablehq.com/@rreusser/toiletpaperfullerenes-and-charmin-nanotubes and (2) Geodesics in Kerr Spacetime (2026) https://rreusser.github.io/notebooks/kerr-geodesics/ (self-hosted using Notebook Kit). The first was hand-coded; the second was vibecoded. What did he learn from making each of them?
Oct 9
Julio’s bookshelf
If you point to a random book in Julio’s picture-perfect background, has he read it? How many biographies does he read per American president? And is reading dying?
Sep 10
Never don’t rewrite
Last week, Observable launched a total rewrite of notebooks. Contra Joel Spolsky’s advice, Mike Bostock has done many rewrites, from TiVo to Protovis to D3, and itches to do many more. Why?
Jul 19
Seven classic moments in visualization research
Toph recounts seven moments in visualization history, in no particular order: 1923’s gestalt theory, 2025’s graph embeddings, 1933’s map–territory relation, 1975’s splines, 2016’s acquired code of meaning, 2020’s bridging code and interaction, and 1973’s conversation analysis. For sources, see https://observablehq.com/@tophtucker/classic-research-in-data-visualization.
mootariNov 15
Collapse resolved comments
The old UI lets users mark comments as resolved, and a common pattern was to leave todos or reviews as comments and to mark them as done by simply resolving them without adding another reply. This context is lost in the new UI because comments are always visible regardless of their status. Both users and visitors are presented with outdated discussions that sometimes span several screens (e.g. here). Since I haven’t seen it mentioned elsewhere, please consider bringing back the option to resolve comments, and at the very least please render already resolved comments as collapsed. 1 post - 1 participant Read full topic
shadoofNov 15
Agent Skills
I was reading through https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/upcoming-features-fall-2026 and followed links in the ‘Agent’ section to: https://observablehq.com/@observablehq/skills and then got very excited about the prospects. So I made my Skills collection and then a skill notebook. I went to the agent in a notebook but found no “+” button to attach my skill (and nothing relevant in the file attachment UI). Then rereading the @mbostock Skills notebook I realized that I would be attaching my skill to a Chat not to a Notebook. Since I wanted the agent to work on and with an existing notebook, this did not work for me. Attached to a Chat, the agent can only edit the Chat. So, will we be able to attach Skills to existing notebooks or to the notebook agent’s chat interface? I’d certainly like to request this feature. (Also: the notebook agent does not seem to be able to read files that are UI-attached unless or until a cell has awaited their FileAttachment. Could this be step be made unnecessary?) 2 posts - 1 participant Read full topic
mootariNov 15
Range requests for file attachments?
I have a notebook with five Parquet files for a total of ~230MB. Much of the size can be attributed to columns that will rarely ever be queried (but are still essential and cumbersome to split out). Currently even a simple count(*) across all files causes each file to get fetched in full. I do recall that range requests had been tricky in the past, and I wanted to check if you’d expect them to work (and the issue might be on my end) or if I would need to look for other ways to split the load. 2 posts - 1 participant Read full topic
mootariNov 14
Server error when trying to fork a notebook in the new UI
When trying to fork a notebook in the 2.0 UI the spinner will animate indefinitely until the page crashes due to a server error. Error IDs from multiple attempts (as reported at the bottom of the error page): 1308055230, 2058474370 1 post - 1 participant Read full topic
Nov 15
@story645.bsky.social Can you help me OCR your subgraph? I only recognize Wilkinson and Bertin
Nov 14
Home from #ieeevis. Great to have a table, meet great people, see old friends. Grateful to my employer (company account thanking itself?) and @arvindsatya.com et al. for the chance to go. This has been @toph.me. How’s my driving? Give us feedback on posting & table: docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1F...
Nov 14
Belated notes on #ieeevis closing remarks. Josh Levine repeatedly got special thanks, which we echo — he was very helpful when I showed up Sunday evening (amid hectic registration) wondering about our table!!
Nov 13
“It is extremely hard these days to write mathematical books” —Kepler, 1609
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Day 15: Inside out
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Xavier Olive
Nov 10
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Who influenced you?
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Toph Tucker
Nov 15
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Release notes 2026-11-13
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Mike Bostock
Nov 13
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Mosaic
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Mike Bostock
Nov 11
9
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Drawing with corners
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Tom MacWright
Nov 14
3
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Day 14: Borgesian map
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Xavier Olive
Nov 10
2
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Hello Draggable Plot
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Jo Wood
Nov 11
18
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Light and Sound
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Nov 12
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Dec 14, 2020
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Dec 23, 2022
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(15)
Jan 31, 2018
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Plot cars’ fuel economy vs. horsepower.

The chart shows a clear negative relationship: as horsepower increases, fuel economy decreases, with the trend line (red) confirming this pattern. Cars are also colored by cylinder count, and you can see that higher-cylinder engines (6 and 8 cylinders, shown in warmer colors) cluster in the high-power, low-economy region, while 4-cylinder cars dominate the low-power, high-economy region.

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Notebooks user guide
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Sep 18
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Chat user guide
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Sep 1
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Notebooks system guide
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Nov 10
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Upgrading to Notebooks 2.0
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Toph Tucker
Oct 22
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Fetch caching
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Mike Bostock
Sep 13
8
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Fetch proxying
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Mike Bostock
Sep 13
5
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Programmatic file attachments
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Mike Bostock
Aug 16
4
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Database clients
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Mike Bostock
Oct 4
6
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Notebook imports
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Mike Bostock
Oct 21
5
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Keyboard shortcuts
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Mike Bostock
Sep 25
122
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Secrets
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Mike Bostock
Oct 21
58
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Mutables
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Oct 22
4
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Invalidation
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Mike Bostock
Sep 30
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Publishing
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Mike Bostock
Oct 6
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Skills
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Mike Bostock
Nov 12
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Following
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Oct 24
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Imports
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Mike Bostock
Oct 21
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Implicit imports
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Mike Bostock
Oct 21
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DuckDB
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Mike Bostock
Nov 5
66
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SQLite
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Mike Bostock
Oct 27
96
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Inputs
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Mike Bostock
Nov 4
389
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Mosaic
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Mike Bostock
Nov 11
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File attachments
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Mike Bostock
Nov 11
152
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