31:T4dd,When we think of popular Christmas music played within the last 20 years, one song, often referred to as a timeless classic, comes to mind: [*All I Want for Christmas Is You*](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXQViqx6GMY) by Mariah Carey. We created this project as a way to explore and understand the data and statistics surrounding not only *All I Want For Christmas Is You*, but other timeless Christmas classics and high charting Christmas songs. In this workbook, we analyze the dataset created from various gathered data using Spotify's API looking at holiday songs within the recent years during the months of November and December. Further datasets that are obtained from radio streaming and other places can be used to replace the data in our visualization and explore trends in other places. The song we chose to analyse and use as a reference point is Mariah Carey's *All I Want For Christmas*, as it has remained a long-standing, strong player on the charts ever since its release, returning to top the charts every holiday season. As technology has dramatically evolved over the past couple decades in changing the way we listen to music, we wanted to analyze how these factors and influences affected modern day music streaming. 32:Tac0,{ const brush = vl.selectInterval().encodings('x') const star = 'M0,.5L.6,.8L.5,.1L1,-.3L.3,-.4L0,-1L-.3,-.4L-1,-.3L-.5,.1L-.6,.8L0,.5Z'; //Star SVG path to create the star shape const click = vl.selectPoint().fields('track_with_artist').bind('legend'); const bigChart = vl.markTrail({ point: { "filled": false, "fill": "white" }, type:"line", interpolate: "cardinal", strokeCap: "round", strokeWidth: 3 }, ) .data(TopChristmasSongs) .params(click) .encode( vl.x().fieldT("date") .scale({domain: brush}) .timeUnit("utcdate").title('Date (November, 2021)'), vl.y().fieldQ("rank").axis({tickCount: 10}).scale({domain: [200,1]}).title('Ranking'), vl.tooltip( [ 'track_name', 'artist_names', 'rank', { "field":"date", "type":"temporal" }, 'days_on_chart' ] ), vl.color() .if(click, vl.color() .fieldN("track_with_artist") .scale({scheme: 'sinebow'}) ) .value('grey').title('Song'), vl.opacity() .if(click, vl.value(0.5)) .value(0.1) ) .height(600) .width(800); const justAIWFCUSA = vl.markLine({ point: { "filled": false, "fill": "white", shape: star, size: 200 }, type:"line", interpolate: "cardinal", opacity: 0.9, tooltip: true, strokeWidth: 5}, ) .data(JustAIWFCUSA) .encode( vl.x().fieldT("date").scale({domain: brush}).timeUnit("utcdate").title('Date (November, 2021)'), vl.y().fieldQ("rank").axis({tickCount: 10}).scale({domain: [200,1]}).title('Ranking'), vl.tooltip( [ 'track_name', 'artist_names', 'rank', { "field":"date", "type":"temporal" }, 'days_on_chart' ] ), vl.color().value('red').title('Song'), //Show AIWFC consistently ) .height(600) .width(800); const smallChart = vl.markLine({strokeCap: "round", strokeWidth: 2, interpolate:"cardinal"}) .data(TopChristmasSongs) .encode( vl.x().fieldT("date").timeUnit("utcdate").title('Date (November, 2021)'), vl.y().fieldQ("rank").axis({tickCount: 10}).scale({domain: [200,1]}).title('Ranking'), vl.color().fieldN("track_with_artist").title('Song') ) .params(brush) .width(800) .height(100); const justAIWFCMini = vl.markLine({strokeCap: "round", interpolate:"cardinal"}) .data(JustAIWFCUSA) .encode( vl.x().fieldT("date").timeUnit("utcdate").title('Date (November, 2021)'), vl.y().fieldQ("rank").axis({tickCount: 10}).scale({domain: [200,1]}).title('Ranking'), vl.color().value('red').title('Song') ) .width(800) .height(100); return vl.vconcat(vl.layer(bigChart,justAIWFCUSA), vl.layer(smallChart, justAIWFCMini)) .render() }33:T1407, { const star = 'M0,.5L.6,.8L.5,.1L1,-.3L.3,-.4L0,-1L-.3,-.4L-1,-.3L-.5,.1L-.6,.8L0,.5Z'; //Star SVG path to create the star shape const songSelection = vl.selectPoint('Song') .fields('track_with_artist') .init({track_with_artist: SongNames[0]}) //Start with AIWFCIY by Mariah Carey .bind(vl.menu(SongNames).name('Songs (Ordered by Peak Ranking) ')) //Austrailia Chart const australia = vl.markPoint({filled: true, shape: star}) .data(AustraliaData) .params(songSelection) .encode( vl.x().fieldT('date').timeUnit('date').scale({domain: [24,31], nice: true}).title('Date (December, 2021)'), vl.y().fieldQ("rank").axis({tickCount: 10}).scale({domain: [1,200]}).title('Ranking').sort('descending'), vl.tooltip(['track_name', 'artist_names', 'region', 'rank',{ "field":"date", "type":"temporal" }]), vl.opacity().if(songSelection, vl.value(0.9)).value(0.1), vl.color().if(songSelection, vl.color().fieldN('region').scale({range: regionsColors})).value('grey'), vl.size({value:[100]}).if(songSelection, vl.size({value:[200]})), ) .title("Australia") .width(200) .height(200); //Canada Chart const canada = vl.markPoint({filled: true, shape: star}) .data(CanadaData) .params(songSelection) .encode( vl.x().fieldT('date').timeUnit('date').scale({domain: [24,31], nice: true}).title('Date (December, 2021)'), vl.y().fieldQ("rank").axis({tickCount: 10}).scale({domain: [1,200]}).title('Ranking').sort('descending'), vl.tooltip(['track_name', 'artist_names', 'region', 'rank',{ "field":"date", "type":"temporal" }]), vl.opacity().if(songSelection, vl.value(0.9)).value(0.1), vl.color().if(songSelection, vl.color().fieldN('region').scale({range: regionsColors})).value('grey'), vl.size({value:[100]}).if(songSelection, vl.size({value:[200]})), ) .title("Canada") .width(200) .height(200); //Egypt Chart const sweden = vl.markPoint({filled: true, shape: star}) .data(SwedenData) .params(songSelection) .encode( vl.x().fieldT('date').timeUnit('date').scale({domain: [24,31], nice: true}).title('Date (December, 2021)'), vl.y().fieldQ("rank").axis({tickCount: 10}).scale({domain: [1,200]}).title('Ranking').sort('descending'), vl.tooltip(['track_name', 'artist_names', 'region', 'rank',{ "field":"date", "type":"temporal" }]), vl.opacity().if(songSelection, vl.value(0.9)).value(0.1), vl.color().if(songSelection, vl.color().fieldN('region').scale({range: regionsColors})).value('grey'), vl.size({value:[100]}).if(songSelection, vl.size({value:[200]})), ) .title("Sweden") .width(200) .height(200); //Hong Kong Chart const hongKong = vl.markPoint({filled: true, shape: star}) .data(HongKongData) .params(songSelection) .encode( vl.x().fieldT('date').timeUnit('date').scale({domain: [24,31], nice: true}).title('Date (December, 2021)'), vl.y().fieldQ("rank").axis({tickCount: 10}).scale({domain: [1,200]}).title('Ranking').sort('descending'), vl.tooltip(['track_name', 'artist_names', 'region', 'rank',{ "field":"date", "type":"temporal" }]), vl.opacity().if(songSelection, vl.value(0.9)).value(0.1), vl.color().if(songSelection, vl.color().fieldN('region').scale({range: regionsColors})).value('grey'), vl.size({value:[100]}).if(songSelection, vl.size({value:[200]})), ) .title("Hong Kong") .width(200) .height(200); //UK CHART const uk = vl.markPoint({filled: true, shape: star}) .data(UKData) .params(songSelection) .encode( vl.x().fieldT('date').timeUnit('date').scale({domain: [24,31], nice: true}).title('Date (December, 2021)'), vl.y().fieldQ("rank").axis({tickCount: 10}).scale({domain: [1,200]}).title('Ranking').sort('descending'), vl.tooltip(['track_name', 'artist_names', 'region', 'rank',{ "field":"date", "type":"temporal" }]), vl.opacity().if(songSelection, vl.value(0.9)).value(0.1), vl.color().if(songSelection, vl.color().fieldN('region').scale({range: regionsColors})).value('grey'), vl.size({value:[100]}).if(songSelection, vl.size({value:[200]})), ) .title("United Kingdom") .width(200) .height(200); //USA Chart const usa = vl.markPoint({filled: true, shape: star}) .data(USAData) .params(songSelection) .encode( vl.x().fieldT('date').timeUnit('date').scale({domain: [24,31], nice: true}).title('Date (December, 2021)'), vl.y().fieldQ("rank").axis({tickCount: 10}).scale({domain: [1,200]}).title('Ranking').sort('descending'), vl.tooltip(['track_name', 'artist_names', 'region', 'rank',{ "field":"date", "type":"temporal" }]), vl.opacity().if(songSelection, vl.value(0.9)).value(0.1), vl.color().if(songSelection, vl.color().fieldN('region').scale({range: regionsColors})).value('grey'), vl.size({value:[100]}).if(songSelection, vl.size({value:[200]})), ) .title("USA") .width(200) .height(200); return vl.vconcat(vl.hconcat(australia, canada, hongKong), vl.hconcat(sweden, uk, usa)) .config({concat: {spacing: 50}}) .render() }34:Tb54,map = { // Container let container = DOM.element('div', { style: `width:${width}px;height:${width/1.6}px` }); yield container; // View let map = L.map(container).setView([44.9990761, -9.3541647], 2); // Map/Base let baseLayer = L.tileLayer(cartoDark, { attribution: cartoAttr, }).addTo(map); // Circle Markers let regionsLayer = L.geoJSON(AIWFCByRegion, { pointToLayer: function (feature, latlng) { return L.circleMarker(latlng, style(feature, feature.properties.Region, feature.properties.Streams)); }}) // Tooltip .bindPopup(function (Layer) { return 'Country: ' + Layer.feature.properties.Country + '
Region: ' + Layer.feature.properties.Region + '
Streams (Per 10,000 People): ' + Layer.feature.properties.Streams + '
Average Seasonal Rank: ' + Layer.feature.properties.Rank; }) .addTo(map); // LEGENDS var legend = L.control({position: 'bottomright'}); var legend2 = L.control({position: 'topright'}); legend.onAdd = function (map) { var div = L.DomUtil.create('div', 'info legend'), grades = AIWFCRegion, // Grade is the Value labels = []; // Generate legend for (var i = 0; i < grades.length; i++) { div.innerHTML += ' ' + grades[i] + '
'; } return div; }; legend2.onAdd = function (map) { var div = L.DomUtil.create('div', 'info legend'), //START -- This section of code has been modified from the Stack Exchange reference at the bottom of the notebook to include the additional legend -- grades = [2, 3, 4, 5], //Arbitrary numbers just to define how many nodes to generate labels = ['Streams (Per 10,000 People)'], // Legend title categories = ['0-25','25-200','200-400', '400+']; // What the Grade should be titled // Loop through grades to generate legend for (var i = 0; i < grades.length; i++) { var grade = grades[i]; labels.push( ' ' + categories[i]); } div.innerHTML = labels.join('
'); return div; }; //END -- This section of code has been modified from the Stack Exchange reference at the bottom of the notebook to include the additional legend -- legend.addTo(map); // Region Legend legend2.addTo(map); // Size Legend map.fitBounds(regionsLayer.getBounds()); }35:T737,{ const click = vl.selectPoint().encodings('color'); const selection = vl.selectPoint().on('mouseover'); //Main Chart const countriesStreams = vl.markBar() .data(CountriesAIWFC) .params(click) .encode( vl.x().fieldN('Country'), vl.y().fieldQ('Streams On Xmas Holiday').title('Streams (Per 10,000 People)'), vl.color().if(click, vl.color().fieldN('Region').scale({range: colors})).value('grey'), vl.tooltip(['Country', 'Region', 'Streams On Xmas Holiday', { "field":"Seasonal Rank", "type":"Quantitative", "title":"Average Seasonal Rank" }]), ) .width(900) .height(300) const star = 'M0,.5L.6,.8L.5,.1L1,-.3L.3,-.4L0,-1L-.3,-.4L-1,-.3L-.5,.1L-.6,.8L0,.5Z'; //Star SVG path to create the star shape // Average Stream Ranking const avgStreamRanking = vl.markPoint({filled: true}) .data(CountriesAIWFC) .params(selection) .encode( vl.y().fieldN('Region'), vl.x().fieldQ("Seasonal Rank").axis({tickCount: 10}).scale({domain: [1,200]}).title('Seasonal Ranking').sort('descending'), vl.color().if(selection, vl.color().fieldN('Region').scale({range: colors})).value('grey'), vl.tooltip( ['Country', { "field":"Seasonal Rank", "type":"Quantitative", "title":"Average Seasonal Rank" } ] ), ) .width(400) .height(200) // Total Streams by Region const regionalStreams = vl.markBar() .data(CountriesAIWFC) .params(click) .encode( vl.y().fieldN('Region'), vl.x().fieldQ('Streams On Xmas Holiday').title('Streams (Per 10,000 People)').aggregate('sum'), vl.color().if(click, vl.color().fieldN('Region').scale({range: colors})).value('grey'), ) .width(330) .height(200) return vl.vconcat(countriesStreams, vl.hconcat(avgStreamRanking, regionalStreams)) .config({concat: {spacing: 50}}) .render() }36:T54e,When analysing song data that comes from Spotify, we are able to identify audio features featuring a number of categories such as "danceability", "energy", "loudness", and so on. In our visualization below, we cross reference various holiday songs tempo, energy, and danceability to see if there are any correlations or patterns we can find. Here's how [Spotify defines each category within it's API](https://developer.spotify.com/documentation/web-api/reference/#/operations/get-several-audio-features): - **tempo**: The overall estimated tempo of a track in beats per minute (BPM). In musical terminology, tempo is the speed or pace of a given piece and derives directly from the average beat duration. - **danceability**: Danceability describes how suitable a track is for dancing based on a combination of musical elements including tempo, rhythm stability, beat strength, and overall regularity. A value of 0.0 is least danceable and 1.0 is most danceable. - **energy**: Energy is a measure from 0.0 to 1.0 and represents a perceptual measure of intensity and activity. Typically, energetic tracks feel fast, loud, and noisy. For example, death metal has high energy, while a Bach prelude scores low on the scale. Perceptual features contributing to this attribute include dynamic range, perceived loudness, timbre, onset rate, and general entropy. 37:T288e,### REPORT: This project focuses on visualizing data surrounding popular holiday songs, using popular Christmas classics to compare trends worldwide. The visualizations generated use custom made datasets from Spotify datasets, however, they can also be used to analyse other genres of popular music with different datasets. The main scope of our project observes the factors contributing to the popularity of Christmas music. Specifically using Mariah Carey's *All I Want for Christmas Is You*, its status as a Christmas classic that has been on the charts before the rise of streaming platforms and services, and continues to top the charts even today makes it a great point of reference. Using Spotify's charts and statistics, we explore what factors into a particular holiday song's popularity and how the statistics of Christmas music vary throughout various regions around the world. As technology has dramatically evolved over the past couple decades in changing the way we listen to music, we want to analyze how this factors and influences modern day music streaming. Our intended users and audiences are primarily people working in the music industry - producers, songwriters, and artists who wish to understand what factors into making a "good" Christmas song, and can use our graphs to view statistics and patterns within high charting songs. A more secondary audience we have is the everyday casual listener who is simply curious about music trends going on during the holiday season. As listening habits have changed rapidly due to the advancement of streaming services and the shift towards digital accessibility, our project may help those who would like to create a new holiday song see what aspects contribute to gaining popularity, listens, and digital streams. #### Some questions our visualization with it's current datasets help answer are: - Around what time period does holiday music start getting played in December/January and when does that taper off? Does this vary by region/country? - How has Mariah Carey's “All I Want For Christmas” influenced popular Christmas music trends over the years? How have listening trends to AIWFC changed since streaming platforms have taken over radio listening? - How do the streams of Mariah Carey's "All I Want for Christmas Is You" compare around the world during the same time period? - What are the factors that contribute to a great Christmas song and doing well in the top song charts consistently? Do aspects such as danceability and tempo contribute to this? In the same vein, is there room for newly released Christmas songs to top the charts, or is it only songs that evoke a sense of nostalgia that perform well consistently? #### Other questions our visualizations can help answer with the right datasets implemented are: - How do radio play statistics and streaming services compare? Is there one that clearly influences the other? (ie. does the radio first play the song which allows the song to gain traction on streaming platforms, or does a song get lots of streams first before the radio starts playing it?) - What impacts have streaming had in increasing the popularity of classic songs? (i.e. songs such as All I Want for Christmas by Mariah Carey and White Christmas by Bing Cosby, as these songs have had enough longevity to allow us to analyse listening trends before the streaming platforms went mainstream) - How does length affect the popularity of a song? Does this differ on streaming platforms (where royalties are received per stream) versus radio play? Our data was taken from several different sources. [Spotify's Developer API](https://developer.spotify.com/) is the main area the data for our final visualization is taken from. The Billboard Hot 100/Top 200 were also places we took data from to do our initial research in previous iterations of our project. Although not implemented in the final project, those datasets were important in informing our prior research. All the data implemented in this iteration however, was sourced from Spotify's API. Of course, the data given was extremely lengthy and we did not need it all, so we cleaned and cut down a lot of it. For our first visualization, Spotify Holiday Song Streams USA: November 2021, using all the holiday songs that charted resulted in an unreadable graph, so the dataset was custom made using songs that had **a)** chart longevity, and **b)** a high peak ranking on the charts (at least ranking 20 at some point). As the data dimensions contained song rankings (quantitative) and date (temporal), we chose to create a line graph as we wanted to show the changes song rankings over time. The second visualization showing Holiday Songs from the Top 200 in Various Regions (Dec. 24-31st) used a similar selection of songs, and also included "Merry Christmas by Ed Sheeran as it came out after November 2021 and did very well in the charts. Although like the previous visualization the dimensions for this visualization are the same, we decided to keep these represented as scatter plots due to having more songs points shown across a shorter time span. To highlight the song shown across the graphs, users can select a song to query from dropdown list (ordinal). The third set of visualizations showing Streams of All I Want for Christmas is You by Country and Region was taken from a dataset by [Flourish](https://flourish.studio/blog/all-i-want-christmas-mariah-spotify-data/), ultimately also sourced from [Data Classroom](https://about.dataclassroom.com/ready-to-teach/all-i-want-for-christmas) and [Spotify Charts](https://charts.spotify.com/home). This visualization uses the dimensions of countries and regions (nominal), streams (per 10,000 people) and ranking (quantitative). In addition to the map visualization (which will be later discussed), we chose to include bar graphs to show the sum of total streams per country and region. We used a scatter plot to show ranking as this best represented the ranking of the song in its region. Finally, the dataset for the last set of visualizations displaying the song keys of selected holiday songs, as well as the Statistics of the December 2021 Top 200 Holiday Songs was a combination from a found dataset on [Data Action Lab](https://l.messenger.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.data-action-lab.com%2F2019%2F12%2F11%2Fchristmas-data-lab-datasets%2F&h=AT1UrIgjTzTHUNF69CHQUWWGnpVH5Yi1mZpwIvbYx6i32SI2BRI1hp_IMyhdcc9f3nnkSdlbdWZKFKRbmm-i39Szw2Or-vgBQ7byQ2LADnTO8RSB_Uc9o9zkRy3S7Ox0yXQIqWSWTwI0sme8I9XoLA) and customly importing in data found from [Musicstax](https://www.musicstax.com) for songs missing in the dataset, as well as add in the popularity score of each song to reflect that with the size of each plot point. Since the popularity had to be customly inputted as it wasn't originally part of the dataset, the scores are as of December 7th, 2022. Each graph has instructions on how to interact and filter our charts. As for design choices, we wanted to have a Christmas motif going on within our charts, which is why many of the plot points are star shaped, and there is a red colour emphasized in every visualization. For showing the amount of streams within a month, we felt that a mark trail with plot points would showcase this the best, as the rise and fall of the song rankings can be clearly seen and plot points allow further information to be viewed if the viewer so wishes to. As looking at individual days of a month can be very intimidating in one view, by allowing the chart to be brushed to zoom in on the timeline, this allows smaller details to be viewed on demand. A collection of scatterplots is also an effective way to compare the rankings of the same song in different regions, as all views can be seen at one time without overwhelming each other by overlapping. As the feedback we received during our evaluation focused on the clarity of our visualizations, as they did not have titles explaining what our evaluators were seeing, so we made sure to add titles to all of our visualizations. Our evaluators also found the colour schemes in some of our visualizations difficult to differentiate so we changed the selection of hues in our graphs. We also made sure that the hues used to mark regions in each scatterplot matches with the hues used for each continent in the next visualizations. With our third visualization, we originally only had the bar graphs showing the amount of streams from each region, but after hearing feedback from our evaluations, we felt that a map would be a better representation of what we wanted to convey. Since the map visualization only gives a large overview of the statistics, we kept the next visualization in so our users would be able to filter out and see exact numbers. The scatterplot matrix in the final visualization uses quantitative data that Spotify generates to give each song a tempo, energy, and danceability ranking. In order to allow our users to filter out and see which songs would be classified as similar to each other using Spotify's statistics, a scatterplot matrix seemed like the best way to show this, especially with extensive brushing and filtering. #### FURTHER WORK & CONCLUSIONS: If we had further time and access to radio broadcast datasets, we would have loved to explore how radio broadcasting affects the popularity of streaming, and vice versa, if streaming had affects on the popularity of radio broadcasting. As we had tons of data to explore and a huge scope during our initial idea of the project, we had to narrow down our scope by quite a bit and ended up creating quite a lot of unused/untouched visualizations that did not fit within the narrative and scope of this project. One of the visualizations that we would love to have improved on with more time and resources is the map visualization. After our evaluations, we made the decision quite late to switch our bar graphs to a map to more effectively show spatial data. If we had initially had the foresight to create a map, perhaps we could have added more functionalities and created a much more responsive spatial visualization without the need of the bar graphs below to further inform the data. The biggest takeaway we had with this project is that the actual data is not the focus of a visualization; how we use our visualizations to display the data is the most powerful aspect.38:Tbdf,SongNames = ["All I Want for Christmas Is You by Mariah Carey", "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree by Brenda Lee","Last Christmas by Wham!", "Happy New Year by ABBA", "White Christmas by Bing Crosby, Ken Darby Singers, John Scott Trotter & His Orchestra", "Santa Tell Me by Ariana Grande", "It's Beginning to Look a Lot like Christmas by Michael Bublé", "Jingle Bell Rock by Bobby Helms", "Do They Know It's Christmas? - 1984 Version by Band Aid", "Merry Christmas by Ed Sheeran, Elton John", "It's the Most Wonderful Time of the Year by Andy Williams", "Happy Xmas (War Is Over) - Remastered 2010 by John Lennon, Yoko Ono", "Merry Christmas Everyone by Shakin' Stevens", "Feliz Navidad by José Feliciano", "Mistletoe by Justin Bieber", "Driving Home for Christmas - 2019 Remaster by Chris Rea", "The Christmas Song (Merry Christmas To You) by Nat King Cole", "Jingle Bells (feat. The Puppini Sisters) by Michael Bublé, The Puppini Sisters", "A Holly Jolly Christmas by Burl Ives", "Baby It's Cold Outside by Idina Menzel, Michael Bublé", "Christmas Time Is Here by Vince Guaraldi Trio", "Underneath the Tree by Kelly Clarkson", "Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow! (with The B. Swanson Quartet) by Frank Sinatra, B. Swanson Quartet", "Step Into Christmas by Elton John", "Sleigh Ride by The Ronettes", "Holly Jolly Christmas by Michael Bublé", "Jingle Bell Rock - Daryl's Version by Daryl Hall", "Wonderful Christmastime - Edited Version / Remastered 2011 by Paul McCartney", "Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow! by Dean Martin", "Santa Claus Is Coming To Town by The Jackson 5", "Snowman by Sia", "Winter Wonderland - Remastered by Bing Crosby", "Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas by Sam Smith", "Blue Christmas by Elvis Presley", "I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday by Wizzard", "It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas (with Mitchell Ayres & His Orchestra)", "Merry Xmas Everybody by Slade", "Decembernatt (Halleluja) by Peter Jöback", "Christmas (Baby Please Come Home) by Darlene Love", "Baby, It's Cold Outside (feat. Meghan Trainor) by Brett Eldredge", "Winter Wonderland by Tony Bennett", "Christmas Lights by Coldplay", "Carol of the Bells by Mykola Dmytrovych Leontovych, John Williams", "Santa's Coming for Us by Sia", "Run Rudolph Run by Chuck Berry", "Mary's Boy Child / Oh My Lord by Boney M.", "Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas by Judy Garland", "Santa Baby by Kylie Minogue", "Jingle Bells - Remastered 1999 by Frank Sinatra", "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer by Burl Ives", "Lonely This Christmas by Mud", "Santa Baby by Ariana Grande, Liz Gillies", "Santa Baby (with Henri René & His Orchestra) by Eartha Kitt, Henri René and His Orchestra", "What Christmas Means To Me by Stevie Wonder", "Christmas (Baby Please Come Home) by Mariah Carey", "Silver Bells by Dean Martin", "Santa Claus Is Coming To Town by Michael Bublé", "The Christmas Song (Shawn Mendes & Camila Cabello)", "I'll Be Home by Meghan Trainor", "Have Yourself A Merry Little Christmas - Remastered 1999 by Frank Sinatra]"]39:T464,#### Other References: - Main dataset information: [Spotify Charts](https://charts.spotify.com/home) - Dataset Visualization 3: [Flourish](https://flourish.studio/blog/all-i-want-christmas-mariah-spotify-data/) and [Data Classroom](https://about.dataclassroom.com/ready-to-teach/all-i-want-for-christmas) - Dataset Visualization 4: [Data Action Studio](https://www.data-action-lab.com/2019/12/11/christmas-data-lab-datasets/) - Further information found for Viz 4: [Musicstax](https://www.musicstax.com/) - Creating the [size legend](https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/341979/leaflet-make-legend-with-different-circle-sizes) - [GeoJSON Generator](https://geojson.io/#map=2/0/20) - [Vis Colour Palette Generator](https://projects.susielu.com/viz-palette?) - Custom shapes: [Vega Lite Documentation](https://vega.github.io/editor/#/) - Spotify HTML elements taken from Spotify's "Embed track" feature - All other references came from the Observable notebooks provided from [IAT 355 Tutorials](https://observablehq.com/collection/@krispybird/iat-355-s22-tutorials-exercises) by Tiffany Wun and Lyn Bartram3a:[{"id":"38d403c618611463448c47d000aee5e42f0e100c0ae5882b980eb067ca329ba964bc2cbff21b46bc1be031e3cebf8746a17d2bcd2453bb9b893165ef1db1af61","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/38d403c618611463448c47d000aee5e42f0e100c0ae5882b980eb067ca329ba964bc2cbff21b46bc1be031e3cebf8746a17d2bcd2453bb9b893165ef1db1af61","name":"map.geojson","type":"application/geo+json","lastModified":1670299495276.538,"size":9346},{"id":"a5eb25a0a17304e1637a8e1d686f3627725523224af0366cf537b6f075fdd8d39ef0724000442ab34749c8019364c3208aadb2238b478b8a33614f0641172304","href":"https://static.observableusercontent.com/files/a5eb25a0a17304e1637a8e1d686f3627725523224af0366cf537b6f075fdd8d39ef0724000442ab34749c8019364c3208aadb2238b478b8a33614f0641172304","name":"AIWFCByRegion.geojson","type":"application/geo+json","lastModified":1670299951333.889,"size":7829}] 2f:{"title":"The Popularity of Christmas Music","cells":[{"id":0,"value":"# The Popularity of Christmas Music","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1096,"value":"*A data visualization using Mariah Carey's \"All I Want For Christmas Is You\" to explore statistics of popular holiday tunes.*","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1017,"value":"**by Taylen Lee-Chin & Joycelyn Tng**
\n**IAT 355: Final Project, Fall 2022**
\n[*Link to our Final Project video*](https://youtu.be/hKlwgIebcb0)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1099,"value":"$31","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1108,"value":"### Around what time period does holiday music start getting played?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1110,"value":"And when does that taper off?\n\nFirst let's take a look at how several popular Christmas songs charted on Spotify in November 2021. We use Spotify's USA streaming statistics for that month and custom made this dataset to only include songs that peaked at least 20th in rank on the charts and compare them with *All I Want For Christmas Is You* (highlighted in red). Do you notice any trends in the peaks and falls of holiday music?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1113,"value":"*To interact with our chart, select songs on the legend on the right to highlight them on the big chart. Shift+click to select more than one song. Click a blank area on the legend to clear this chart. We can also use our mouse to scrub the smaller timeline on the bottom and narrow in on a time period by clicking and dragging along the x-axis. Click anywhere outside current selection to clear this chart.*","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":642,"value":"#### Spotify Holiday Song Streams USA: November 2021","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":119,"value":"$32","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":1116,"value":"### Does this vary by region/country?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1118,"value":"Not every region celebrates Christmas historically as it is a predominantly Christian holiday. Due to the dominance of western culture and the wide-spread reach of Christianity, we can see Christmas slowly becoming a secular celebration for those who do not practice the religion. \n\nHow would the streams for Christmas/Holiday songs compare internationally, especially in regions that do not traditionally celebrate Christmas? Here we can see how the streams of 200 most popular Holiday Songs from Spotify's Multi-Region December Data compare across six different countries in different continents within the last week of December 2021. Is there anything noticeably different about the streaming habits of different regions?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1120,"value":"*To filter through this chart, select the dropdown menu with the mouse and click through different songs to see their ranking within this time period. Alternatively, you can select the dropdown menu with the \"tab\" key and use the up and down arrow keys to change the song selection.*","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":561,"value":"#### Holiday Songs from the Top 200 in Various Regions (December 24-31st, 2021)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":106,"value":"$33","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":1123,"value":"### How do streams of Mariah Carey's \"*All I Want For Christmas Is You*\" compare around the world during the same time period?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1130,"value":"On a related note, how does one of the Christmas classics fare globally throughout the holiday season? Is there a correlation with religion and regional streams of Christmas music or no?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1163,"value":"*To interact with this chart, simply use the mouse to click and drag around the map. The top left \"+\" and \"-\" buttons can be used to zoom in and out of the map. The scrollbar can also be used to zoom when the mouse is within the chart: scroll up to zoom in and scroll down to zoom out of the map.*","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":563,"value":"#### Streams of \"All I Want for Christmas is You\" by Country and Region (December 24 & 25, 2017)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":165,"value":"$34","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":1166,"value":"In the visualization below, a clearer breakdown of streams by country in the map above can be seen.\n\n*Use the mouse to select different bar plots in order to filter by region. Hold down shift+click to select multiple regions. Click outside of the selection to clear selection*","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":128,"value":"$35","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":1137,"value":"### What are the factors that contribute to a great Christmas song and doing well in the top song charts consistently?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1222,"value":"Is there a formula for doing well on the charts? Specifically in the domain of holiday music, is there certain aspects such as tempo, or key, that allow a song to chart higher and longer? In the graph below, using songs that we found in the Top 200 charts across various regions, we can see that most holiday songs gravitate towards being in a major key (which has an upbeat, happier connotation) with the keys of C, D, and G major being the most popular. ","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":674,"value":"### Songs Keys of Selected Holiday Songs","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":134,"value":"vl.markBar()\n .data(HolidaySongsSpotify)\n .encode(\n vl.x().fieldN('key').title('Key'),\n vl.y().count('key').title('Number of Songs'),\n vl.color().fieldN('mode').scale({range: modeColors}).title('Mode')\n )\n.width(400)\n.height(200)\n.render()","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":1139,"value":"### Do aspects such as Spotify's danceability rating and energy contribute to this?","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1142,"value":"$36","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":695,"value":"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":672,"value":"#### Statistics of All I Want For Christmas Is You by Mariah Carey\nWe filtered out the statistics of Mariah Carey's famous hit. From Spotify's API, the following information was identified:\n\n- **Key:** G Major\n- **Tempo:** 150.277\n- **Danceability:** 0.335 \n- **Energy:** 0.625\n- **Loudness:** -7.462 ","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1197,"value":"Given these Spotify stats, can you find *All I Want For Christmas Is You* in the matrix below? If you found it, try filtering to find songs with similar attributes to *All I Want For Christmas Is You*. \n\n*(Hint: the plotpoint for All I Want For Christmas is a big red star)*","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":1169,"value":"*Hover your cursor over a plot point to highlight its location on the other graphs in the matrix. Each graph in the matrix can be filtered through the x-axis with a brush selection by clicking + dragging the mouse. Click outside of current selection to clear selection within a graph.*","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":676,"value":"### December 2021 Top 200 Holiday Songs\n#### Dimensions (Tempo, Energy, and Danceability)","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":110,"value":"{\n const brush = vl.selectInterval().encodings('x').resolve('intersect');\n const selection = vl.selectPoint().on('mouseover');\n const star = 'M0,.5L.6,.8L.5,.1L1,-.3L.3,-.4L0,-1L-.3,-.4L-1,-.3L-.5,.1L-.6,.8L0,.5Z'; //Star SVG path to create the star shape\n \n return vl.markPoint({filled: true, shape: star})\n .data(HolidaySongsSpotify)\n .params(brush, selection)\n .encode(\n vl.x().fieldQ(vl.repeat('row')),\n vl.y().fieldQ(vl.repeat('column')),\n vl.opacity().if(brush, vl.value(0.7)).value(0.05),\n vl.color().if(selection, vl.color().fieldN('key').scale({range: keyColors})).value('grey'),\n vl.size().fieldQ('popularity').scale({domain: [0.6, 0.95]}),\n vl.tooltip(['track_name', 'artist_name', 'key','tempo', 'energy', 'danceability', 'loudness', 'popularity']),\n )\n .repeat({ \n row: ['tempo', 'energy', \n 'danceability'],\n column: [\n 'danceability', \n 'energy', 'tempo']\n })\n .render()\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":700,"value":"If you interacted with the visualization, you may have found that some songs that had very similar aspects to *All I Want for Christmas Is You* are:\n- **Happy Xmas (War is Over)** by John Lennon\n- **The Christmas Song (Merry Christmas to You)** by Nat King Cole\n \nYou can listen to snippets of the songs below. Do they sound similar? ","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":689,"value":"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":697,"value":"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":1158,"value":"#### Comparison to Other Popular Holiday Songs\n\nFrom looking at the visualization of the Spotify USA Top 200 Charts of November 2021, some of the top holiday Christmas songs in the USA last year were:\n- **All I Want For Christmas Is You** by Mariah Carey\n- **Rockin' Around The Christmas Tree** by Brenda Lee\n- **Jingle Bell Rock** by Bobby Helms\n- **White Christmas** by Bing Crosby\n- **It's the Most Wonderful Time of the Year** by Andy Williams\n\nSee if you can find them on the matrix above. Spotify stats wise, are they close to *All I Want for Christmas Is You*? Give them a listen below: ","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":702,"value":"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":705,"value":"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":707,"value":"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":709,"value":"","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":70,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":51,"value":"$37","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":57,"value":"### References and Appendixes","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":80,"value":"#### Data Imports","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":78,"value":"SpotifyMultiRegionDecember = d3.csv('https://gist.githubusercontent.com/xtayzx/3daad051d03d4ecd6ffc4014db986c07/raw/92d9e3ec2f1ac9cb24180ef5f8c7b4cebc00de91/SpotifyMultiRegionEndDec2021.csv')","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":84,"value":"HolidaySongsSpotify = d3.csv('https://gist.githubusercontent.com/xtayzx/2e924a7c1e80e760769401d0d14a5aa5/raw/c8397d2a0735f30b24787867c669a626ef875836/HolidaySongsSpotify.csv')","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":86,"value":"SpotifyUSANovember = d3.csv('https://gist.githubusercontent.com/xtayzx/f6f7c6dc891284165c8d2b1f9b83ab37/raw/1ba14481b0a1f46fa4a255a32866622c2be62d3b/SpotifyUSANovember.csv')","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":126,"value":"CountriesAIWFC = d3.csv('https://gist.githubusercontent.com/xtayzx/fa91ffb234fbdbc6651dd95927808c7e/raw/ad16abaa6a48c149f1f1d638f1949803a03d75fc/CountriesAIWFC.csv')","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":169,"value":"AIWFCByRegion = FileAttachment(\"AIWFCByRegion.geojson\").json()","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":185,"value":"AIWFCByRegionCSV =\nd3.csv('https://gist.githubusercontent.com/xtayzx/bf0b64038bdb44a8bb7ae00eb6eb30ed/raw/cb97a4ea4770770db2b80aa78c49afe9a473a524/AIFWCByRegion.csv')","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":905,"value":"SongNamesCSV = d3.csv('https://gist.githubusercontent.com/xtayzx/79ba8d74a5e88fd004b3dc872481492a/raw/5435f19b1dbc508aa51f1c058ad8e8be288fe6dd/SongNamesOrder.csv')","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":90,"value":"---","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":88,"value":"AustraliaData = SpotifyMultiRegionDecember.filter(function(d) {\n return d.region == 'Australia'});","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":92,"value":"CanadaData = SpotifyMultiRegionDecember.filter(function(d) {\n return d.region == 'Canada'});","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":94,"value":"SwedenData = SpotifyMultiRegionDecember.filter(function(d) {\n return d.region == 'Sweden'});","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":96,"value":"HongKongData = SpotifyMultiRegionDecember.filter(function(d) {\n return d.region == 'Hong Kong'});","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":98,"value":"USAData = SpotifyMultiRegionDecember.filter(function(d) {\n return d.region == 'USA'});","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":100,"value":"UKData = SpotifyMultiRegionDecember.filter(function(d) {\n return d.region == 'United Kingdom'});","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":121,"value":"JustAIWFCUSA = SpotifyUSANovember.filter(function(d) {\n return d.uri == 'spotify:track:0bYg9bo50gSsH3LtXe2SQn'})","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":123,"value":"TopChristmasSongs = SpotifyUSANovember.filter(function(d) {\n return d.peak_rank <= '20'});","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":180,"value":"AIWFCRegion = uniqueValid(AIWFCByRegionCSV, d => d.Region)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":189,"value":"AIWFCStreamSize = uniqueValid(AIWFCByRegionCSV, d => d.Streams)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":734,"value":"StarSizeBySong = uniqueValid(HolidaySongsSpotify, d=> d.popularity)","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":908,"value":"$38","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":1043,"value":"### Geo Visualization","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":196,"value":"CSS Legend\n\n\n\n","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":218,"value":"function style(feature, regions, streams) {\n return {\n fillColor: getDensColor(regions),\n radius: streamSize(streams),\n weight: 1,\n opacity: 1,\n color: '#000000', // Stroke\n fillOpacity: 0.7\n };\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":368,"value":"// For the legend\nfunction getRadius(r) {\n return r > 4 ? 30 :\n r > 3 ? 12 :\n r > 2 ? 8 :\n r > 1 ? 4 :\n 1;\n}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":223,"value":"// For the data\nfunction streamSize(d) {\n\t return d > 400 ? '30' :\n\t d > 200 ? '12' :\n\t d > 25 ? '8' :\n\t '4';\n\t}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":202,"value":"function getDensColor(d) {\n\t return d == AIWFCRegion[0] ? colors[0] : //Asia\n\t d == AIWFCRegion[1] ? colors[1] : //Europe\n\t d == AIWFCRegion[2] ? colors[2] : //North America\n\t d == AIWFCRegion[3] ? colors[3] : //Oceania\n\t d == AIWFCRegion[4] ? colors[4] : //South America/Caribbean\n\t '#000000'; //If not included\n\t}","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":1040,"value":"### Colour Palettes","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":945,"value":"keyColors = [\"#d3003b\",\n\"#a042e2\",\n\"#681500\",\n\"#2d5f23\",\n\"#27aeef\",\n\"#606bff\",\n\"#00b787\",\n\"#ffbe00\",\n\"#008700\",\n\"#00646d\",\n\"#ff0000\",\n\"#1b3018\"]","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":603,"value":"// Static chart\nmodeColors = [\"#a7afc1\",\n\"#636987\"]","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":584,"value":"// For the map\ncolors = ['#009696','#BB2528','#38A934','#396993','#F8B229']","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":968,"value":"// For Top 200\nregionsColors = [\"#0053ed\",\n\"#13a300\",\n\"#00b6a6\",\n\"#ff0000\",\n\"#005203\",\n\"#7f0000\"]","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":32,"value":"### Imports","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"},{"id":160,"value":"L = require('leaflet@1.2.0') //Leaflet","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":162,"value":" Leaflet","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"html"},{"id":17,"value":"import { toc } from \"@nebrius/indented-toc\" // This component generates the Table of Contents","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":25,"value":"d3 = require(\"d3@7\")","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":27,"value":"VegaLite = require(\"vega-embed@5\")","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":29,"value":"import {fromColumns, printTable} from '@uwdata/data-utilities'","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":104,"value":"import {uniqueValid} from '@uwdata/data-utilities' //Taken from Tutorial 6 with selection of data","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":478,"value":"cartoDark = \t'https://{s}.basemaps.cartocdn.com/dark_all/{z}/{x}/{y}@2x.png' //Dark map","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":481,"value":"cartoAttr = '© OpenStreetMap, © CARTO' //Attribution","pinned":true,"hidden":false,"mode":"ojs"},{"id":389,"value":"$39","pinned":false,"hidden":false,"mode":"md"}],"files":"$W3a","stdlib":"1","titling":"auto"}