Engineer at Mapbox, creator of Leaflet, algorithms geek, open source enthusiast, musician, father of twin girls, Ukrainian. 🇺🇦
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Oct 26, 2023
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Topographic MappingBubble mapChoroplethAccess to Family planningMD Counties Total Cases MapTendance de la production des déchets en Union EuropéenneAndy's Walgreens COVID-19 Tracker TrackerElection Maps for Incomplete ResultsA better U.S. house election results map?1983 Mayoral Election, Dot density mapsMastodon 🐘Cheat sheet bertinBertin.js: regular squaresWaterlinesNeumorphism Contour Density MapCartographic DoodlesStars and constellationsPlot: Grid choroplethHello Polygon MorphingMapping with pie chartsU.S. Geographic DataHow big are countries... like really!AttitudeB&W ChoroplethWeb Mercator Tile Visibility"Magnifying-Glass" projectionsTissot's indicatrixAntipodal mapMapping gridded data with a Voronoi diagramA Map of Every BuildingUrbano Monti’s Planisphere (1587)Bivariate choroplethDIY HillshadeMapbox Map MakerWorld tourHillshaderSimplified Earth with curved shapesHexbin mapInner glowNicolosi vs. StereographicData-driven projections: Darwin's worldSatellite ground track visualizerDirection to shoreHello, OpenLayers!U.S. airports VoronoiHello, NYC Geosearch API!Mapbox Fly-ToSpilhaus shoreline mapWalmart’s growthHow well does population density predict U.S. voting outcomes?Drawing maps from geodata with D3 & ObservableHexgrid maps with d3-hexgridTissot's indicatrixWorld airports VoronoiSwiss Elevation Line GraphsVector tilesVersor draggingOrthographicSolar TerminatorStreaming ShapefilesFake GlobesPeirce Quincuncial🍃 LeafletU.S.G.S. World Earthquake MapUsing Mapbox GL JSUsing Google Maps
MARTINI: Real-Time RTIN Terrain Mesh
tileImg = fetchImage(`https://a.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/mapbox.terrain-rgb/${location}.png?access_token=${mapboxToken}`)
errors = {
const errors = new Float32Array(gridSize * gridSize);
const numSmallestTriangles = tileSize * tileSize;
const numTriangles = numSmallestTriangles * 2 - 2; // 2 + 4 + 8 + ... 2^k = 2 * 2^k - 2
const lastLevelIndex = numTriangles - numSmallestTriangles;
// iterate over all possible triangles, starting from the smallest level
for (let i = numTriangles - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
// get triangle coordinates from its index in an implicit binary tree
let id = i + 2;
let ax = 0, ay = 0, bx = 0, by = 0, cx = 0, cy = 0;
if (id & 1) {
bx = by = cx = tileSize; // bottom-left triangle
} else {
ax = ay = cy = tileSize; // top-right triangle
}
while ((id >>= 1) > 1) {
const mx = (ax + bx) >> 1;
const my = (ay + by) >> 1;
if (id & 1) { // left half
bx = ax; by = ay;
ax = cx; ay = cy;
} else { // right half
ax = bx; ay = by;
bx = cx; by = cy;
}
cx = mx; cy = my;
}
// calculate error in the middle of the long edge of the triangle
const interpolatedHeight = (terrain[ay * gridSize + ax] + terrain[by * gridSize + bx]) / 2;
const middleIndex = ((ay + by) >> 1) * gridSize + ((ax + bx) >> 1);
const middleError = Math.abs(interpolatedHeight - terrain[middleIndex]);
if (i >= lastLevelIndex) { // smallest triangles
errors[middleIndex] = middleError;
} else { // bigger triangles; accumulate error with children
const leftChildError = errors[((ay + cy) >> 1) * gridSize + ((ax + cx) >> 1)];
const rightChildError = errors[((by + cy) >> 1) * gridSize + ((bx + cx) >> 1)];
errors[middleIndex] = Math.max(errors[middleIndex], middleError, leftChildError, rightChildError);
}
}
return errors;
}
updatedGeometry = {
let i = 0;
const indices = geometry.index.array;
function processTriangle(ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy) {
// middle of the long edge
const mx = (ax + bx) >> 1;
const my = (ay + by) >> 1;
if (Math.abs(ax - cx) + Math.abs(ay - cy) > 1 && errors[my * gridSize + mx] > maxError) {
// triangle doesn't approximate the surface well enough; split it into two
processTriangle(cx, cy, ax, ay, mx, my);
processTriangle(bx, by, cx, cy, mx, my);
} else {
// add a triangle to the final mesh
indices[i++] = ay * gridSize + ax;
indices[i++] = by * gridSize + bx;
indices[i++] = cy * gridSize + cx;
}
}
processTriangle(0, 0, tileSize, tileSize, tileSize, 0);
processTriangle(tileSize, tileSize, 0, 0, 0, tileSize);
geometry.index.needsUpdate = true;
geometry.setDrawRange(0, i);
renderer.render(scene, camera);
return geometry;
}
Purpose-built for displays of data
Observable is your go-to platform for exploring data and creating expressive data visualizations. Use reactive JavaScript notebooks for prototyping and a collaborative canvas for visual data exploration and dashboard creation.
